Introduction

Curves are 2D objects, and surfaces are their 3D extension. Note however, that in Blender, you only have NURBS surfaces, no Bézier (you have the Bézier knot type, though; see below), nor polygonal (but for these, you have meshes!). Even though curves and surfaces share the same object type (with texts also…), they are not the same thing; for example, you cannot have in the same object both curves and surfaces.

NURBS surface in Edit Mode.

As surfaces are 2D, they have two interpolation axes, U (as for curves) and V. It is important to understand that you can control the interpolation rules (knot, order, resolution) independently for each of these two dimensions (the U and V fields for all these settings, of course).

You may ask yourself “but the surface appears to be 3D, why is it only 2D?”. In order to be 3D, the object needs to have “Volume”, and a surface, even when it is closed, does not have volume; it is infinitely thin. If it had a volume the surface would have a thickness (its third dimension). Hence, it is only a 2D object, and has only two interpolation dimensions or axes or coordinates (if you know a bit of math, think of non-Euclidean geometry – well, surfaces are just non-Euclidean 2D planes…). To take a more “real-world” example, you can roll a sheet of paper to create a cylinder; well, even if it becomes a “volume”, the sheet itself will remain a (nearly…) 2D object!

In fact, surfaces are very similar to the results you get when extruding a curve.

Visualization

There is nearly no difference from NURBS curves, except that the U direction is indicated by yellow grid lines, and the V one is materialized by pink grid lines, as you can see in Fig. NURBS surface in Edit Mode..

You can hide and reveal control points just as with curves.

Conversion

As there are only NURBS surfaces, there is no “internal” conversion here.

However, there is an “external” conversion available, from surface to mesh, that only works in Object Mode. It transforms a surface object into a mesh one, using the surface resolutions in both directions to create faces, edges and vertices.