解答

  1. mod ffi {
  2.     use std::os::raw::{c_char, c_int};
  3.     #[cfg(not(target_os = "macos"))]
  4.     use std::os::raw::{c_long, c_uchar, c_ulong, c_ushort};
  6.     // Opaque type. See https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html.
  7.     #[repr(C)]
  8.     pub struct DIR {
  9.         _data: [u8; 0],
  10.         _marker: core::marker::PhantomData<(*mut u8, core::marker::PhantomPinned)>,
  11.     }
  13.     // Layout according to the Linux man page for readdir(3), where ino_t and
  14.     // off_t are resolved according to the definitions in
  15.     // /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/{sys/types.h, bits/typesizes.h}.
  16.     #[cfg(not(target_os = "macos"))]
  17.     #[repr(C)]
  18.     pub struct dirent {
  19.         pub d_ino: c_ulong,
  20.         pub d_off: c_long,
  21.         pub d_reclen: c_ushort,
  22.         pub d_type: c_uchar,
  23.         pub d_name: [c_char; 256],
  24.     }
  26.     // Layout according to the macOS man page for dir(5).
  27.     #[cfg(all(target_os = "macos"))]
  28.     #[repr(C)]
  29.     pub struct dirent {
  30.         pub d_fileno: u64,
  31.         pub d_seekoff: u64,
  32.         pub d_reclen: u16,
  33.         pub d_namlen: u16,
  34.         pub d_type: u8,
  35.         pub d_name: [c_char; 1024],
  36.     }
  38.     extern "C" {
  39.         pub fn opendir(s: *const c_char) -> *mut DIR;
  41.         #[cfg(not(all(target_os = "macos", target_arch = "x86_64")))]
  42.         pub fn readdir(s: *mut DIR) -> *const dirent;
  44.         // See https://github.com/rust-lang/libc/issues/414 and the section on
  45.         // _DARWIN_FEATURE_64_BIT_INODE in the macOS man page for stat(2).
  46.         //
  47.         // "Platforms that existed before these updates were available" refers
  48.         // to macOS (as opposed to iOS / wearOS / etc.) on Intel and PowerPC.
  49.         #[cfg(all(target_os = "macos", target_arch = "x86_64"))]
  50.         #[link_name = "readdir$INODE64"]
  51.         pub fn readdir(s: *mut DIR) -> *const dirent;
  53.         pub fn closedir(s: *mut DIR) -> c_int;
  54.     }
  55. }
  57. use std::ffi::{CStr, CString, OsStr, OsString};
  58. use std::os::unix::ffi::OsStrExt;
  60. #[derive(Debug)]
  61. struct DirectoryIterator {
  62.     path: CString,
  63.     dir: *mut ffi::DIR,
  64. }
  66. impl DirectoryIterator {
  67.     fn new(path: &str) -> Result<DirectoryIterator, String> {
  68.         // Call opendir and return a Ok value if that worked,
  69.         // otherwise return Err with a message.
  70.         let path =
  71.             CString::new(path).map_err(|err| format!("Invalid path: {err}"))?;
  72.         // SAFETY: path.as_ptr() cannot be NULL.
  73.         let dir = unsafe { ffi::opendir(path.as_ptr()) };
  74.         if dir.is_null() {
  75.             Err(format!("Could not open {:?}", path))
  76.         } else {
  77.             Ok(DirectoryIterator { path, dir })
  78.         }
  79.     }
  80. }
  82. impl Iterator for DirectoryIterator {
  83.     type Item = OsString;
  84.     fn next(&mut self) -> Option<OsString> {
  85.         // Keep calling readdir until we get a NULL pointer back.
  86.         // SAFETY: self.dir is never NULL.
  87.         let dirent = unsafe { ffi::readdir(self.dir) };
  88.         if dirent.is_null() {
  89.             // We have reached the end of the directory.
  90.             return None;
  91.         }
  92.         // SAFETY: dirent is not NULL and dirent.d_name is NUL
  93.         // terminated.
  94.         let d_name = unsafe { CStr::from_ptr((*dirent).d_name.as_ptr()) };
  95.         let os_str = OsStr::from_bytes(d_name.to_bytes());
  96.         Some(os_str.to_owned())
  97.     }
  98. }
  100. impl Drop for DirectoryIterator {
  101.     fn drop(&mut self) {
  102.         // Call closedir as needed.
  103.         if !self.dir.is_null() {
  104.             // SAFETY: self.dir is not NULL.
  105.             if unsafe { ffi::closedir(self.dir) } != 0 {
  106.                 panic!("Could not close {:?}", self.path);
  107.             }
  108.         }
  109.     }
  110. }
  112. fn main() -> Result<(), String> {
  113.     let iter = DirectoryIterator::new(".")?;
  114.     println!("files: {:#?}", iter.collect::<Vec<_>>());
  115.     Ok(())
  116. }
  118. #[cfg(test)]
  119. mod tests {
  120.     use super::*;
  121.     use std::error::Error;
  123.     #[test]
  124.     fn test_nonexisting_directory() {
  125.         let iter = DirectoryIterator::new("no-such-directory");
  126.         assert!(iter.is_err());
  127.     }
  129.     #[test]
  130.     fn test_empty_directory() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
  131.         let tmp = tempfile::TempDir::new()?;
  132.         let iter = DirectoryIterator::new(
  133.             tmp.path().to_str().ok_or("Non UTF-8 character in path")?,
  134.         )?;
  135.         let mut entries = iter.collect::<Vec<_>>();
  136.         entries.sort();
  137.         assert_eq!(entries, &[".", ".."]);
  138.         Ok(())
  139.     }
  141.     #[test]
  142.     fn test_nonempty_directory() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
  143.         let tmp = tempfile::TempDir::new()?;
  144.         std::fs::write(tmp.path().join("foo.txt"), "The Foo Diaries\n")?;
  145.         std::fs::write(tmp.path().join("bar.png"), "<PNG>\n")?;
  146.         std::fs::write(tmp.path().join("crab.rs"), "//! Crab\n")?;
  147.         let iter = DirectoryIterator::new(
  148.             tmp.path().to_str().ok_or("Non UTF-8 character in path")?,
  149.         )?;
  150.         let mut entries = iter.collect::<Vec<_>>();
  151.         entries.sort();
  152.         assert_eq!(entries, &[".", "..", "bar.png", "crab.rs", "foo.txt"]);
  153.         Ok(())
  154.     }
  155. }