渲染烘焙

Cycles着色器和灯光照明可以烘焙到图像纹理。这有几个不同的用途，最常见的是：

  • 烘焙纹理,如基础颜色或法线贴图,用于导出到游戏引擎。

  • 烘焙环境光遮蔽或程序纹理，作为纹理绘制或进一步编辑的基础。

  • 创建光照贴图以提供全局照明或加快游戏中的渲染速度。

安装

Baking requires a mesh to have a UV map, and either vertex colors or an Image Texture node with an image to be baked to. The Active Image Texture node or Vertex Color layer is used as the baking target.

Use Render Bake in intensive light/shadow solutions, such as AO or soft shadows from area lights. If you bake AO for the main objects, you will not have to enable it for the full render, saving render time. Cycles uses the render settings (samples, bounces, …) for baking. This way the quality of the baked textures should match the result you get from the rendered scene.

设置

参考

面板

渲染 ‣ 烘焙

烘焙

Perform the baking operation.

按多级精度进行烘焙

Bake directly from multires object.

烘焙类型

烘焙通道的类型

  • 合成结果

    Bakes all materials, textures, and lighting except specularity. The passes that contribute to the combined pass can be toggled individually to form the final map.

    环境光遮蔽

    烘焙世界面板中指定的环境光遮蔽，忽略场景中的其他灯光。

    阴影

    烘焙阴影及灯光。

    法向

    烘焙不同空间的法线。

    UV

    映射 UV 坐标，用于表示纹理映射至网格上的位置。这通过图像的红色和绿色通道表示，蓝色通道的编码为常值1，但不保存任何信息。

    粗糙度

    Bakes the roughness pass of a material.

    自发光

    烘焙自发光，或是材质的辉光颜色。

    环境

    根据从世界原点(0, 0, 0)投射的光线所看到的，将环境(即为场景定义的世界表面着色器)烘焙到选定的物体上。

    漫射色采样

    Bakes the diffuse pass of a material.

    光泽

    Bakes the glossiness pass of a material.

    传递采样

    Bakes the transmission pass of a material.

影响

合成结果

光照

  • 直接光

    Add direct lighting contribution.

  • 间接光

    Add indirect lighting contribution.

贡献

  • 漫射色采样

    Add diffuse contribution.

  • 光泽

    Add glossy contribution.

  • 传递采样

    Add transmission contribution.

  • 环境光遮蔽

    Add ambient occlusion contribution.

  • 自发光

    Add emission contribution.

Diffuse, Glossy, Transmission

贡献

  • 直接光

    See above.

    间接光

    See above.

  • 颜色

    Colorize the pass.

    • If only Color is selected you get the pass color, which is a property of the surface and independent of sampling refinement.

    • If Color is not selected, you get the direct and/or indirect contributions in gray-scale.

    • If Color and either Direct or Indirect are selected, you get the direct and/or indirect contributions colored.

法向

空间

法线可以在不同的空间中烘焙：

For materials, the same spaces can be chosen in the image texture options next to the existing Normal Map setting. For correct results, the setting here should match the setting used for baking.

  • 物体

    对象坐标中的法线，与对象变换无关，但取决于变形。

    切向(正切)

    切线空间坐标中的法线，与对象转换和变形无关。这是默认设置，在大多数情况下都是正确的选择，因为法线贴图也可以用于动画对象。

Swizzle R, G, B

轴要烘焙成红色，绿色和蓝色的通道。

所选物体 -> 活动物体

Bake shading on the surface of selected objects to the active object. The rays are cast from the low-poly object inwards towards the high-poly object. If the high-poly object is not entirely involved by the low-poly object, you can tweak the rays start point with Max Ray Distance or Extrusion (depending on whether or not you are using cage). For even more control you can use a Cage Object.

Note

There is a CPU fixed memory footprint for every object used to bake from. In order to avoid crashes due to lack of memory, the high-poly objects can be joined before the baking process.

罩体

光线会从罩体投射到活动的物体，罩体是指从低模通过手动(指定要用的物体)或自动(调整光线距离)创建出来的膨胀版本。如果不使用罩体，光线会依循网格的法线，这在边线的地方会产生一些小的瑕疵，为了避免这些瑕疵，可以围着边线添加额外的循环边，在烘焙平面时，这或许是一个不错的方法。

  • 罩式物体

    指定作为 罩体 的物体，以此替代活动物体的罩体挤出。

罩体偏移

在使用 所选物体->活动物体 和 罩体 来控制光线向内投射的距离时。向内投射的光线会由不含有边线分割修改器版本的活动物体发出。当然强制分割(如应用掉边线分割修改器)也不行。因为这些都会导致边线处的法线变得不为平滑。

Note

When the base mesh extruded does not give good results, you can create a copy of the base mesh and modify it to use as a Cage. Both meshes need to have the same Topology (number of faces and face order).

最大光线距离

Distance to use for the inward ray cast when using Selected to Active. Ray distance is only available when not using Cage.

输出

Target 目标

Where to output the baked map.

  • 图像纹理

    Bake to the image data-block associated with the Active Image Texture node.

    • 边距

      烘焙的结果将会超出每一个UV块的边界，以此来柔和纹理中的接缝。

    • 清空图像

      选择该项时，在渲染烘焙前会先清空图像。

    顶点颜色

    Bake to the Active Vertex Color layer on the active mesh. Note, the active object must be a mesh as other object types do not have vertex colors.