6.1. Logical Operators
- Logical Operators
- Effect of NULL on Logical Operators

6.1. Logical Operators

Logical Operators

Operator	Description	Example
`AND`	True if both values are true	a AND b
`OR`	True if either value is true	a OR b
`NOT`	True if the value is false	NOT a

Effect of NULL on Logical Operators

The result of an AND comparison may be NULL if one or bothsides of the expression are NULL. If at least one side of anAND operator is FALSE the expression evaluates to FALSE:

SELECT CAST(null AS boolean) AND true; -- null
 
SELECT CAST(null AS boolean) AND false; -- false
 
SELECT CAST(null AS boolean) AND CAST(null AS boolean); -- null

The result of an OR comparison may be NULL if one or bothsides of the expression are NULL. If at least one side of anOR operator is TRUE the expression evaluates to TRUE:

SELECT CAST(null AS boolean) OR CAST(null AS boolean); -- null
 
SELECT CAST(null AS boolean) OR false; -- null
 
SELECT CAST(null AS boolean) OR true; -- true

The following truth table demonstrates the handling ofNULL in AND and OR:

a	b	a AND b	a OR b
`TRUE`	`TRUE`	`TRUE`	`TRUE`
`TRUE`	`FALSE`	`FALSE`	`TRUE`
`TRUE`	`NULL`	`NULL`	`TRUE`
`FALSE`	`TRUE`	`FALSE`	`TRUE`
`FALSE`	`FALSE`	`FALSE`	`FALSE`
`FALSE`	`NULL`	`FALSE`	`NULL`
`NULL`	`TRUE`	`NULL`	`TRUE`
`NULL`	`FALSE`	`FALSE`	`NULL`
`NULL`	`NULL`	`NULL`	`NULL`

The logical complement of NULL is NULL as shown in the following example:

SELECT NOT CAST(null AS boolean); -- null

The following truth table demonstrates the handling of NULL in NOT:

a	NOT a
`TRUE`	`FALSE`
`FALSE`	`TRUE`
`NULL`	`NULL`