Wildcard Matching
描述
Implement wildcard pattern matching with support for '?'
and '*'
.
'?'
Matches any single character.'*'
Matches any sequence of characters (including the empty sequence).
The matching should cover the entire input string (not partial).
The function prototype should be:
bool isMatch(const char *s, const char *p)
Some examples:
isMatch("aa","a") → false
isMatch("aa","aa") → true
isMatch("aaa","aa") → false
isMatch("aa", "*") → true
isMatch("aa", "a*") → true
isMatch("ab", "?*") → true
isMatch("aab", "c*a*b") → false
分析
跟上一题很类似。
主要是''
的匹配问题。p
每遇到一个'
'
,就保留住当前'*'
的坐标和s
的坐标,然后s
从前往后扫描,如果不成功,则s++
,重新扫描。
递归版
// Wildcard Matching
// 递归版,会超时,用于帮助理解题意
// 时间复杂度O(n!*m!),空间复杂度O(n)
class Solution {
public:
bool isMatch(const string& s, const string& p) {
return isMatch(s.c_str(), p.c_str());
}
private:
bool isMatch(const char *s, const char *p) {
if (*p == '\0' || *s == '\0') return *p == *s;
else if (*p == '*') {
while (*p == '*') ++p; //skip continuous '*'
if (*p == '\0') return true;
while (*s != '\0' && !isMatch(s, p)) ++s;
return *s != '\0';
}
else if (*p == *s || *p == '?') return isMatch(++s, ++p);
else return false;
}
};
迭代版
// Wildcard Matching
// 迭代版,时间复杂度O(n*m),空间复杂度O(1)
class Solution {
public:
bool isMatch(const string& s, const string& p) {
return isMatch(s.c_str(), p.c_str());
}
private:
bool isMatch(const char *s, const char *p) {
bool star = false;
const char *str, *ptr;
for (str = s, ptr = p; *str != '\0'; str++, ptr++) {
switch (*ptr) {
case '?':
break;
case '*':
star = true;
s = str, p = ptr;
while (*p == '*') p++; //skip continuous '*'
if (*p == '\0') return true;
str = s - 1;
ptr = p - 1;
break;
default:
if (*str != *ptr) {
// 如果前面没有'*',则匹配不成功
if (!star) return false;
s++;
str = s - 1;
ptr = p - 1;
}
}
}
while (*ptr == '*') ptr++;
return (*ptr == '\0');
}
};
相关题目
原文: https://soulmachine.gitbooks.io/algorithm-essentials/content/cpp/string/wildcard-matching.html