11 监控方案

11 Recipes for monitoring

General概括

Monitoring server availability监控服务器可用性

At least three methods (or combination of all methods) may be used in order to monitor availability of a server.可以使用至少三种方法（或所有方法的组合）来监视服务器的可用性。

  • ICMP ping (“icmpping” key)
  • “zabbix[host,agent,available]“ item
  • trigger function nodata() for monitoring the availability of hosts that use active checks only触发函数 nodata() 以监控只进行主动性检查的主机的有效性
Sending alerts via WinPopUps通过WinPopUps发送警告

WinPopUps maybe very useful if you’re running Windows OS and want to get quick notification from Zabbix. It could be good addition for email-based alert messages. Details about enabling of WinPopUps can be found at http://www.zabbix.com/forum/showthread.php?t=2147.如果你正在运行Windows操作系统，想要从Zabbix获取快讯，WinPopUps可能大有用处。它是基于电子邮件的警告消息的很好补充。关于启用WinPopUps的细节信息，详见 http://www.zabbix.com/forum/showthread.php?t=2147.

Monitoring specific applications监控特定的应用程序

AS/400

IBM AS/400 platform can be monitored using SNMP. More information is available at http://publib-b.boulder.ibm.com/Redbooks.nsf/RedbookAbstracts/sg244504.html?Open. 使用SNMP可以监视IBM AS/400平台，更多信息详见 http://publib-b.boulder.ibm.com/Redbooks.nsf/RedbookAbstracts/sg244504.html?Open.

MySQL

Several user parameters can be used for the monitoring of MySQL in the agent configuration file: /usr/local/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf 在agent配置文件夹/usr/local/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf中，可以用若干用户参数来监控MySQL

  1. ### Set of parameters for monitoring MySQL server (v3.23.42 and later)
  2.        ### Change -u and add -p if required
  3.        #UserParameter=mysql.ping,mysqladmin -uroot  ping|grep alive|wc -l
  4.        #UserParameter=mysql.uptime,mysqladmin -uroot status|cut -f2 -d":"|cut -f2 -d" "
  5.        #UserParameter=mysql.threads,mysqladmin -uroot status|cut -f3 -d":"|cut -f2 -d" "
  6.        #UserParameter=mysql.questions,mysqladmin -uroot status|cut -f4 -d":"|cut -f2 -d" "
  7.        #UserParameter=mysql.slowqueries,mysqladmin -uroot status|cut -f5 -d":"|cut -f2 -d" "
  8.        #UserParameter=mysql.qps,mysqladmin -uroot status|cut -f9 -d":"|cut -f2 -d" "
  9.        #UserParameter=mysql.version,mysql -V
  • mysql.ping

Check whether MySQL is alive.检查MySQL是否运行正常.

  1.     Result: 0 - not started 1 - alive
  • mysql.uptime

Number of seconds MySQL is running.MySQL运行的秒数.

  • mysql.threads

Number of MySQL threads.MySQL的线程数量.

  • mysql.questions

Number of processed queries.MySQL的线程数量

  • mysql.slowqueries

Number of slow queries.处理查询数量

  • mysql.qps

Queries per second.慢查询数量

  • mysql.version

Version of MySQL. For example: mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.1.53, for pc-linux-gnu (i686) MySQL的版本. 例如: mysql 14.14版本 Distrib 5.1.53, for pc-linux-gnu (i686)

For additional information see also the userparameter_mysql.conf file in conf/zabbix_agentd directory. 获取更过信息，请访问conf/zabbix_agentd目录下的userparameter_mysql.conf文件

Mikrotik routers Mikrotik 路由器

Use SNMP agent provided by Mikrotik. See http://www.mikrotik.com for more information.

Windows

Use Zabbix Windows agent included (pre-compiled) into Zabbix distribution.使用包含(预编译)到Zabbix发行中的Zabbix Windows agent.

Tuxedo

Tuxedo command line utilities tmadmin and qmadmin can be used in definition of a UserParameter in order to return per server/service/queue performance counters and availability of Tuxedo resources.在定义一个用户参数时，可以使用Tuxedo Command Line实用程序tmadmin和qmadmin，以返回每个服务器/服务/队列性能计数器、Tuxedo资源的可用性。

Informix

Standard Informix utility onstat can be used for monitoring of virtually every aspect of Informix database. Also, Zabbix can retrieve information provided by Informix SNMP agent.用标准英孚美的utility onstat，几乎可以监控Informix数据库的各个方面。而且，Zabbix可以检索由Informix SNMP agent提供的信息。

HP OpenView

Zabbix can be configured to send messages to OpenView server. The following steps must be performed:通过配置 Zabbix来向OpenView服务器发送消息，必须遵循以下几个步骤：

Step 1 步骤 1

Define new media.定义新media.

The media will execute a script which will send required information to OpenView.media将执行一个向OpenView发送所需信息的脚本。

Step 2 步骤 2

Define new user.定义新用户

The user has to be linked with the media. 用户必须与media相连接.

Step 3 步骤 3

Configure actions. 配置操作。

Configure actions to send all (or selected) trigger status changes to the user.配置操作会将所有(或已选择的)状态已修改的触发器发给用户。

Step 4 步骤 4

Write media script. 编写media脚本

The script will have the following logic. If trigger is ON, then execute OpenView command opcmsg -id application=<application> msg_grp=<msg_grp> object=<object> msg_text=<text>. The command will return unique message ID which has to be stored somewhere, preferrably in a new table of ZABBIX database. If trigger is OFF then opcmack <message id> has to be executed with message ID retrieved from the database. 脚本将有如下逻辑操作：如果触发器为ON, 那么执行 OpenView 命令 opcmsg -id application=<application> msg_grp=<msg_grp> object=<object> msg_text=<text>. 该指令将返回唯一的信息ID，该ID必须存储在某处，并在 ZABBIX 数据库的新列表里处于优先位置。如果触发器为OFF，那么 opcmack <message id> 要和从数据库中检索的信息ID一同执行。

Refer to OpenView official documentation for more details about opcmsg and opcmack. The media script is not given here.更多关于opcmsg和opcmack的详情，请见OpenView官方文件。 这里没有给出media脚本。