Concepts

This page explains the base concepts of Traefik.

Introduction

Traefik is based on the concept of EntryPoints, Routers, Middlewares and Services.

The main features include dynamic configuration, automatic service discovery, and support for multiple backends and protocols.

  1. EntryPoints: EntryPoints are the network entry points into Traefik. They define the port which will receive the packets, and whether to listen for TCP or UDP.

  2. Routers: A router is in charge of connecting incoming requests to the services that can handle them.

  3. Middlewares: Attached to the routers, middlewares can modify the requests or responses before they are sent to your service

  4. Services: Services are responsible for configuring how to reach the actual services that will eventually handle the incoming requests.

Edge Router

Traefik is an Edge Router; this means that it’s the door to your platform, and that it intercepts and routes every incoming request: it knows all the logic and every rule that determine which services handle which requests (based on the path, the host, headers, etc.).

The Door to Your Infrastructure

Auto Service Discovery

Where traditionally edge routers (or reverse proxies) need a configuration file that contains every possible route to your services, Traefik gets them from the services themselves.

Deploying your services, you attach information that tells Traefik the characteristics of the requests the services can handle.

Decentralized Configuration

This means that when a service is deployed, Traefik detects it immediately and updates the routing rules in real time. Similarly, when a service is removed from the infrastructure, the corresponding route is deleted accordingly.

You no longer need to create and synchronize configuration files cluttered with IP addresses or other rules.

Many different rules

In the example above, we used the request path rule to determine which service was in charge. Certainly, you can use many other different rules.

Updating the requests

In the middleware section, you can learn about how to update the requests before forwarding them to the services.

How does Traefik discover the services?

Traefik is able to use your cluster API to discover the services and read the attached information. In Traefik, these connectors are called providers because they provide the configuration to Traefik.

Using Traefik OSS in Production?

If you are using Traefik at work, consider adding enterprise-grade API gateway capabilities or commercial support for Traefik OSS.

Adding API Gateway capabilities to Traefik OSS is fast and seamless. There’s no rip and replace and all configurations remain intact. See it in action via this short video.