title: quick-start-guide
layout: os-default

快速安装指南

如果你有特别的RancherOS主机要求，请浏览运行RancherOS指南，
本指南的主要讲述使用docker machine来启动RancherOS和介绍RancherOS能够做什么。

If you have a specific RanchersOS machine requirements, please check out our guides on running RancherOS.
With the rest of this guide, we’ll start up a RancherOS using docker machine and show you some of what RancherOS can do.

使用Docker Machine 启动RancherOS

Launching RancherOS using Docker Machine

前进之前，你需要安装Docker Machine和VirtualBox。
一旦你安装VirtualBox和Docker Machine，它只需要一个命令就可以运行RancherOS。

Before moving forward, you’ll need to have Docker Machine and VirtualBox installed.
Once you have VirtualBox and Docker Machine installed, it’s just one command to get RancherOS running.

  1. $ docker-machine create -d virtualbox --virtualbox-boot2docker-url https://releases.rancher.com/os/latest/rancheros.iso <实例机器名>

就是这么简单！你已经启动和运行了一个RancherOS实例。
That’s it! You’re up and running a RancherOS instance.

要登录到该实例，只需使用 docker-machine 命令。
To log into the instance, just use the docker-machine command.

  1. $ docker-machine ssh <实例机器名>

初识RancherOS

A First Look At RancherOS

在RancherOS中运行两个Docker守护进程。首先是所谓的system-docker，这就是RancherOS运行的系统服务，如NTPD和系统日志。您可以使用system-docker命令来控制system-docker守护进程。

另一个守护进程是docker，它可以通过使用正常的docker命令来访问。

There are two Docker daemons running in RancherOS. The first is called system-docker, which is where RancherOS runs system services like ntpd and syslog. You can use the system-docker command to control the system-docker daemon.

The other Docker daemon running on the system is docker, which can be accessed by using the normal docker command.

当你第一次启动RancherOS，还没有容器运行在’docker守护进程。不过，如果你对运行system-docker`的命令，你会看到一些RancherOS系统自己维护的服务。

When you first launch RancherOS, there are no containers running in the docker daemon. However, if you run the same command against the system-docker instance, you’ll see a number of system services that are shipped with RancherOS.

注：system-docker只能由root用户使用，所以每当你需要使用system-docker时，交互使用sudo命令。

Note: system-docker can only be used by root, so it is necessary to use the sudo command whenever you want to interact with system-docker.

  1. $ sudo system-docker ps
  2. CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                       COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
  3. 4710a91a0729        rancher/os-docker:v0.4.4    "/usr/sbin/entry.sh /"   6 minutes ago       Up 6 minutes                            docker
  4. 7ef4fad1612c        rancher/os-console:v0.4.4   "/usr/sbin/entry.sh /"   6 minutes ago       Up 6 minutes                            console
  5. 1b436b6b7fdb        rancher/os-network:v0.4.4   "/usr/sbin/entry.sh /"   6 minutes ago       Up 6 minutes                            network
  6. 2ce47a55d1bd        rancher/os-ntp:v0.4.4       "/usr/sbin/entry.sh /"   6 minutes ago       Up 6 minutes                            ntp
  7. c2237144ec41        rancher/os-udev:v0.4.4      "/usr/sbin/entry.sh /"   6 minutes ago       Up 6 minutes                            udev
  8. 5373e592dc51        rancher/os-acpid:v0.4.4     "/usr/sbin/entry.sh /"   6 minutes ago       Up 6 minutes                            acpid
  9. c5d8cd81a94c        rancher/os-syslog:v0.4.4    "/usr/sbin/entry.sh /"   6 minutes ago       Up 6 minutes                            syslog

一些容器在启动时运行，和其余时间，如console，docker等。这些容器始终运行。

Some containers are run at boot time, and others, such as the console, docker, etc. containers are always running.

开始使用RancherOS

Using RancherOS

部署一个Docker容器

Deploying a Docker Container

让我们尝试使用docker守护进程部署一个正常的Docker容器。该RancherO Sdocker守护等同于其他任何Docker环境，使一切正常Docker命令的工作。
Let’s try to deploy a normal Docker container on the docker daemon. The RancherOS docker daemon is identical to any other Docker environment, so all normal Docker commands work.

  1. $ docker run -d nginx

你可以看到，nginx镜像的容器启动并运行。
You can see that the nginx container is up and running:

  1. $ docker ps
  2. CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
  3. e99c2c4b8b30        nginx               "nginx -g 'daemon off"   12 seconds ago      Up 11 seconds       80/tcp, 443/tcp     drunk_ptolemy

部署一个系统服务容器

Deploying A System Service Container

下面是一个简单的Docker容器安装Linux-dash，它是用于监控Linux服务器最小的低开销网络信息中心。该Dockerfile将是这样的：
The following is a simple Docker container to set up Linux-dash, which is a minimal low-overhead web dashboard for monitoring Linux servers. The Dockerfile will be like this:

  1. FROM hwestphal/nodebox
  2. MAINTAINER hussein.galal.ahmed.11@gmail.com
  4. RUN opkg-install unzip
  5. RUN curl -k -L -o master.zip https://github.com/afaqurk/linux-dash/archive/master.zip
  6. RUN unzip master.zip
  7. WORKDIR linux-dash-master
  8. RUN npm install
  10. ENTRYPOINT ["node","server"]

使用hwestphal/ nodebox镜像，它采用了busybox的镜像，并安装node.js和npm。我们下载的Linux-dash的源代码，然后运行服务器。 Linux-dash将默认在端口80上运行。
Using the hwestphal/nodebox image, which uses a busybox image and installs node.js and npm. We downloaded the source code of Linux-dash, and then ran the server. Linux-dash will run on port 80 by default.

要使用systemd-docker运行这个容器使用下面的命令：

To run this container with system-docker use the following command:

  1. $ sudo system-docker run -d --net=host --name busydash husseingalal/busydash

在这行命令中，我们使用--net= host告诉system-docker不使用容器化容器的网络，并使用主机的网络代替。 在运行容器后您可以通过访问http://<IP_OF_MACHINE>看到监控服务器。

In the commad, we used --net=host to tell system-docker not to containerize the container’s networking, and use the host’s networking instead. After running the container, you can see the monitoring server by accessing http://<IP_OF_MACHINE.

System Docker Container

为了容器能在系统重启时存活，你可以创建`/opt/rancher/bin/start.sh脚本，并添加Docker启动项以保证每次启动时自动启动。
To make the container survive during the reboots, you can create the /opt/rancher/bin/start.sh script, and add the docker start line to launch the docker at each startup.

  1. $ sudo mkdir -p /opt/rancher/bin
  2. $ echo “sudo system-docker start busydash” | sudo tee -a /opt/rancher/bin/start.sh
  3. $ sudo chmod 755 /opt/rancher/bin/start.sh

使用ROS工具包

Using ROS

可与RancherOS使用的另一种有用的命令是ros,它可用于控制和配置系统。
Another useful command that can be used with RancherOS is ros which can be used to control and configure the system.

  1. $ ros -v
  2. ros version 0.0.1

RancherOS状态由云配置文件控制。 ros用于编辑系统的配置，参见例如系统的DNS配置：
RancherOS state is controlled by a cloud config file. ros is used to edit the configuration of the system, to see for example the dns configuration of the system:

  1. $ sudo ros config get rancher.dns
  2. - 8.8.8.8
  3. - 8.8.4.4

当使用本地控制台的Busybox，控制台的任何更改将重启后会丢失，只有改变为/home或/opt将是持久的。控制台始终在每次启动时执行/opt/rancher/bin/start.sh。
你可以用ros启用持久控制台和替换本地Busybox的控制台。
为了使启用Ubuntu的控制台，使用以下命令：

When using the native Busybox console, any changes to the console will be lost after reboots, only changes to /home or /opt will be persistent. The console always executes /opt/rancher/bin/start.sh at each startup. You can use ros to enable a persistent console and replace the native Busybox console. In order to enable the Ubuntu console, use the following command:

  1. $ sudo ros service enable ubuntu-console
  2. # 您必须在重启以切换到Ubuntu的控制台
  3. # You must reboot in order to switch to the ubuntu console
  4. $ sudo reboot

结论

Conclusion

RancherOS是一个简单的Linux发行版非常适合运行Docker。通过采用容器化的系统服务和利用Docker进行管理，RancherOS希望能够为运行容器提供了非常可靠，易于管理的操作系统。

RancherOS is a simple Linux distribution ideal for running Docker. By embracing containerization of system services and leveraging Docker for management, RancherOS hopes to provide a very reliable, and easy to manage OS for running containers.