9 – Lua 的完整语法

这是一份采用扩展 BNF 描述的 Lua 完整语法。 在扩展 BNF 中， {A} 表示 0 或多个 A ， [A] 表示一个可选的 A 。 （操作符优先级，参见 §3.4.8； 对于最终符号，名字，数字，字符串字面量的解释，参见 §3.1。）

  1.  
  2.     chunk ::= block
  3.  
  4.     block ::= {stat} [retstat]
  5.  
  6.     stat ::=  ‘;’ | 
  7.          varlist ‘=’ explist | 
  8.          functioncall | 
  9.          label | 
  10.          break | 
  11.          goto Name | 
  12.          do block end | 
  13.          while exp do block end | 
  14.          repeat block until exp | 
  15.          if exp then block {elseif exp then block} [else block] end | 
  16.          for Name ‘=’ exp ‘,’ exp [‘,’ exp] do block end | 
  17.          for namelist in explist do block end | 
  18.          function funcname funcbody | 
  19.          local function Name funcbody | 
  20.          local namelist [‘=’ explist] 
  21.  
  22.     retstat ::= return [explist] [‘;’]
  23.  
  24.     label ::= ‘::’ Name ‘::’
  25.  
  26.     funcname ::= Name {‘.’ Name} [‘:’ Name]
  27.  
  28.     varlist ::= var {‘,’ var}
  29.  
  30.     var ::=  Name | prefixexp ‘[’ exp ‘]’ | prefixexp ‘.’ Name 
  31.  
  32.     namelist ::= Name {‘,’ Name}
  33.  
  34.     explist ::= exp {‘,’ exp}
  35.  
  36.     exp ::=  nil | false | true | Numeral | LiteralString | ‘...’ | functiondef | 
  37.          prefixexp | tableconstructor | exp binop exp | unop exp 
  38.  
  39.     prefixexp ::= var | functioncall | ‘(’ exp ‘)’
  40.  
  41.     functioncall ::=  prefixexp args | prefixexp ‘:’ Name args 
  42.  
  43.     args ::=  ‘(’ [explist] ‘)’ | tableconstructor | LiteralString 
  44.  
  45.     functiondef ::= function funcbody
  46.  
  47.     funcbody ::= ‘(’ [parlist] ‘)’ block end
  48.  
  49.     parlist ::= namelist [‘,’ ‘...’] | ‘...’
  50.  
  51.     tableconstructor ::= ‘{’ [fieldlist] ‘}’
  52.  
  53.     fieldlist ::= field {fieldsep field} [fieldsep]
  54.  
  55.     field ::= ‘[’ exp ‘]’ ‘=’ exp | Name ‘=’ exp | exp
  56.  
  57.     fieldsep ::= ‘,’ | ‘;’
  58.  
  59.     binop ::=  ‘+’ | ‘-’ | ‘*’ | ‘/’ | ‘//’ | ‘^’ | ‘%’ | 
  60.          ‘&’ | ‘~’ | ‘|’ | ‘>>’ | ‘<<’ | ‘..’ | 
  61.          ‘<’ | ‘<=’ | ‘>’ | ‘>=’ | ‘==’ | ‘~=’ | 
  62.          and | or
  63.  
  64.     unop ::= ‘-’ | not | ‘#’ | ‘~’
  65.  

最后更新时间： 2015年1月18日19:54