C++ Native API

Dependencies

  • Java 8+
  • Maven 3.5+
  • Flex
  • Bison 2.7+
  • Boost 1.56+
  • OpenSSL 1.0+
  • GCC 5.5.0+

Installation From Source Code

Install CPP Dependencies

  • MAC

    1. Install Bison ：Bison 2.3 is preinstalled on OSX, but this version is too low.

      When building Thrift with Bison 2.3, the following error would pop out: invalid directive: '%code'

      For such case, please update Bison:

      1. brew install bison
      2. brew link bison --force

      Then, you need to tell the OS where the new bison is.

      For Bash users:

      1. echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/bison/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile

      For zsh users:

      1. echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/bison/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc

    2. Install Boost ：Please make sure a relative new version of Boost is ready on your machine. If no Boost available, install the latest version of Boost:

      1. brew install boost
      2. brew link boost

    3. OpenSSL ：Make sure the Openssl libraries has been install on your Mac. The default Openssl include file search path is “/usr/local/opt/openssl/include”.

      If Openssl header files can not be found when building Thrift, please add option-Dopenssl.include.dir="".

  • Ubuntu 20

    To install all dependencies, run:

    1. sudo apt-get install gcc-9 g++-9 libstdc++-9-dev bison flex libboost-all-dev libssl-dev zlib1g-dev

  • CentOS 7.x

    Some packages can be installed using Yum:

    1. sudo yum install bison flex openssl-devel

    The version of gcc and boost installed by yum is too low, therefore you should compile or download these binary packages by yourself.

  • Windows

    1. Building environment

      • Install MS Visual Studio(recommend 2019 version): remember to install Visual Studio C/C++ IDE and compiler(supporting CMake, Clang, MinGW).
      • Download and install CMakeC++ Native API - 图1open in new window .

    2. Download and install Flex & Bison

      • Download Win_Flex_BisonC++ Native API - 图2open in new window .
      • After downloaded, please rename the executables to flex.exe and bison.exe and add them to “PATH” environment variables.

    3. Install Boost

    4. Install OpenSSL

Compile

You can download the source code from:

  1. git clone https://github.com/apache/iotdb.git

The default dev branch is the master branch, If you want to use a released version (eg. rel/0.13):

  1. git checkout rel/0.13

Under the root path of iotdb:

  • Mac & Linux

    1. mvn package -P compile-cpp -pl example/client-cpp-example -am -DskipTest

  • Windows

    1. mvn package -P compile-cpp -pl client-cpp,server,example/client-cpp-example -am -Dcmake.generator="your cmake generator" -Dboost.include.dir=${your boost header folder} -Dboost.library.dir=${your boost lib (stage) folder} -DskipTests
    • When building client-cpp project, use -Dcmake.generator="" option to specify a Cmake generator. E.g. -Dcmake.generator="Visual Studio 16 2019" (cmake --help shows a long list of supported Cmake generators.)
    • To help CMake find your Boost libraries on windows, you should set -DboostIncludeDir="C:\Program Files (x86)\boost_1_78_0" -DboostLibraryDir="C:\Program Files (x86)\boost_1_78_0\stage\lib" to your mvn build command. ``

If the compilation finishes successfully, the packaged zip file will be placed under client-cpp/target/client-cpp-${project.version}-cpp-${os}.zip

Native APIs

Here we show the commonly used interfaces and their parameters in the Native API:

Initialization

  • Open a Session
  1. void open();
  • Open a session, with a parameter to specify whether to enable RPC compression
  1. void open(bool enableRPCCompression);

Notice: this RPC compression status of client must comply with that of IoTDB server

  • Close a Session
  1. void close();

Data Definition Interface (DDL)

Database Management

  • CREATE DATABASE
  1. void setStorageGroup(const std::string &storageGroupId);
  • Delete one or several databases
  1. void deleteStorageGroup(const std::string &storageGroup);
  2. void deleteStorageGroups(const std::vector<std::string> &storageGroups);

Timeseries Management

  • Create one or multiple timeseries
  1. void createTimeseries(const std::string &path, TSDataType::TSDataType dataType, TSEncoding::TSEncoding encoding,
  2.                           CompressionType::CompressionType compressor);
  4. void createMultiTimeseries(const std::vector<std::string> &paths,
  5.                            const std::vector<TSDataType::TSDataType> &dataTypes,
  6.                            const std::vector<TSEncoding::TSEncoding> &encodings,
  7.                            const std::vector<CompressionType::CompressionType> &compressors,
  8.                            std::vector<std::map<std::string, std::string>> *propsList,
  9.                            std::vector<std::map<std::string, std::string>> *tagsList,
  10.                            std::vector<std::map<std::string, std::string>> *attributesList,
  11.                            std::vector<std::string> *measurementAliasList);
  • Create aligned timeseries
  1. void createAlignedTimeseries(const std::string &deviceId,
  2.                              const std::vector<std::string> &measurements,
  3.                              const std::vector<TSDataType::TSDataType> &dataTypes,
  4.                              const std::vector<TSEncoding::TSEncoding> &encodings,
  5.                              const std::vector<CompressionType::CompressionType> &compressors);
  • Delete one or several timeseries
  1. void deleteTimeseries(const std::string &path);
  2. void deleteTimeseries(const std::vector<std::string> &paths);
  • Check whether the specific timeseries exists.
  1. bool checkTimeseriesExists(const std::string &path);

Schema Template

  • Create a schema template
  1. void createSchemaTemplate(const Template &templ);
  • Set the schema template named templateName at path prefixPath.
  1. void setSchemaTemplate(const std::string &template_name, const std::string &prefix_path);
  • Unset the schema template
  1. void unsetSchemaTemplate(const std::string &prefix_path, const std::string &template_name);
  • After measurement template created, you can edit the template with belowed APIs.
  1. // Add aligned measurements to a template
  2. void addAlignedMeasurementsInTemplate(const std::string &template_name,
  3.                                       const std::vector<std::string> &measurements,
  4.                                       const std::vector<TSDataType::TSDataType> &dataTypes,
  5.                                       const std::vector<TSEncoding::TSEncoding> &encodings,
  6.                                       const std::vector<CompressionType::CompressionType> &compressors);
  8. // Add one aligned measurement to a template
  9. void addAlignedMeasurementsInTemplate(const std::string &template_name,
  10.                                       const std::string &measurement,
  11.                                       TSDataType::TSDataType dataType,
  12.                                       TSEncoding::TSEncoding encoding,
  13.                                       CompressionType::CompressionType compressor);
  15. // Add unaligned measurements to a template
  16. void addUnalignedMeasurementsInTemplate(const std::string &template_name,
  17.                                         const std::vector<std::string> &measurements,
  18.                                         const std::vector<TSDataType::TSDataType> &dataTypes,
  19.                                         const std::vector<TSEncoding::TSEncoding> &encodings,
  20.                                         const std::vector<CompressionType::CompressionType> &compressors);
  22. // Add one unaligned measurement to a template
  23. void addUnalignedMeasurementsInTemplate(const std::string &template_name,
  24.                                         const std::string &measurement,
  25.                                         TSDataType::TSDataType dataType,
  26.                                         TSEncoding::TSEncoding encoding,
  27.                                         CompressionType::CompressionType compressor);
  29. // Delete a node in template and its children
  30. void deleteNodeInTemplate(const std::string &template_name, const std::string &path);
  • You can query measurement templates with these APIS:
  1. // Return the amount of measurements inside a template
  2. int countMeasurementsInTemplate(const std::string &template_name);
  4. // Return true if path points to a measurement, otherwise returne false
  5. bool isMeasurementInTemplate(const std::string &template_name, const std::string &path);
  7. // Return true if path exists in template, otherwise return false
  8. bool isPathExistInTemplate(const std::string &template_name, const std::string &path);
  10. // Return all measurements paths inside template
  11. std::vector<std::string> showMeasurementsInTemplate(const std::string &template_name);
  13. // Return all measurements paths under the designated patter inside template
  14. std::vector<std::string> showMeasurementsInTemplate(const std::string &template_name, const std::string &pattern);

Data Manipulation Interface (DML)

Insert

It is recommended to use insertTablet to help improve write efficiency.

  • Insert a Tablet，which is multiple rows of a device, each row has the same measurements
    • Better Write Performance
    • Support null values: fill the null value with any value, and then mark the null value via BitMap
  1. void insertTablet(Tablet &tablet);
  • Insert multiple Tablets
  1. void insertTablets(std::unordered_map<std::string, Tablet *> &tablets);
  • Insert a Record, which contains multiple measurement value of a device at a timestamp
  1. void insertRecord(const std::string &deviceId, int64_t time, const std::vector<std::string> &measurements,
  2.                   const std::vector<TSDataType::TSDataType> &types, const std::vector<char *> &values);
  • Insert multiple Records
  1. void insertRecords(const std::vector<std::string> &deviceIds,
  2.                    const std::vector<int64_t> &times,
  3.                    const std::vector<std::vector<std::string>> &measurementsList,
  4.                    const std::vector<std::vector<TSDataType::TSDataType>> &typesList,
  5.                    const std::vector<std::vector<char *>> &valuesList);
  • Insert multiple Records that belong to the same device. With type info the server has no need to do type inference, which leads a better performance
  1. void insertRecordsOfOneDevice(const std::string &deviceId,
  2.                               std::vector<int64_t> &times,
  3.                               std::vector<std::vector<std::string>> &measurementsList,
  4.                               std::vector<std::vector<TSDataType::TSDataType>> &typesList,
  5.                               std::vector<std::vector<char *>> &valuesList);

Insert with type inference

Without type information, server has to do type inference, which may cost some time.

  1. void insertRecord(const std::string &deviceId, int64_t time, const std::vector<std::string> &measurements,
  2.                   const std::vector<std::string> &values);
  5. void insertRecords(const std::vector<std::string> &deviceIds,
  6.                    const std::vector<int64_t> &times,
  7.                    const std::vector<std::vector<std::string>> &measurementsList,
  8.                    const std::vector<std::vector<std::string>> &valuesList);
  11. void insertRecordsOfOneDevice(const std::string &deviceId,
  12.                               std::vector<int64_t> &times,
  13.                               std::vector<std::vector<std::string>> &measurementsList,
  14.                               const std::vector<std::vector<std::string>> &valuesList);

Insert data into Aligned Timeseries

The Insert of aligned timeseries uses interfaces like insertAlignedXXX, and others are similar to the above interfaces:

  • insertAlignedRecord
  • insertAlignedRecords
  • insertAlignedRecordsOfOneDevice
  • insertAlignedTablet
  • insertAlignedTablets

Delete

  • Delete data before or equal to a timestamp of one or several timeseries
  1. void deleteData(const std::string &path, int64_t time);
  2. void deleteData(const std::vector<std::string> &deviceId, int64_t time);

IoTDB-SQL Interface

  • Execute query statement
  1. void executeNonQueryStatement(const std::string &sql);
  • Execute non query statement
  1. void executeNonQueryStatement(const std::string &sql);

Examples

The sample code of using these interfaces is in:

  • example/client-cpp-example/src/SessionExample.cpp
  • example/client-cpp-example/src/AlignedTimeseriesSessionExample.cpp （使用对齐时间序列）

If the compilation finishes successfully, the example project will be placed under example/client-cpp-example/target

FAQ

on Mac

If errors occur when compiling thrift source code, try to downgrade your xcode-commandline from 12 to 11.5

see https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63592445/ld-unsupported-tapi-file-type-tapi-tbd-in-yaml-file/65518087#65518087C++ Native API - 图5open in new window

on Windows

When Building Thrift and downloading packages via “wget”, a possible annoying issue may occur with error message looks like:

  1. Failed to delete cached file C:\Users\Administrator\.m2\repository\.cache\download-maven-plugin\index.ser

Possible fixes:

  • Try to delete the “.m2\repository\.cache” directory and try again.
  • Add “<skipCache>true</skipCache>” configuration to the download-maven-plugin maven phase that complains this error.