顺时针打印矩阵

题目

输入一个矩阵,按照从外向里以顺时针的顺序依次打印出每一个数字,例如,如果输入如下4 X 4矩阵: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 则依次打印出数字1,2,3,4,8,12,16,15,14,13,9,5,6,7,11,10.

解题思路

  1. 通过4个指针,表示可打印区域,并对区域进行收缩
  2. 非 n*n 的矩阵,对于剩余非 4 边遍历的元素,要考虑边界
  1. public ArrayList<Integer> printMatrix(int[][] matrix) {
  2. ArrayList<Integer> res = new ArrayList<>();
  3. if (matrix.length == 0) {
  4. return res;
  5. }
  6. if (matrix.length == 1) {
  7. for (int i : matrix[0]) {
  8. res.add(i);
  9. }
  10. return res;
  11. }
  12. int top = 0, bottom = matrix.length - 1, left = 0, right = matrix[0].length - 1;
  13. for (; left <= right && top <= bottom; ) {
  14. if (top == bottom) {
  15. for (int i = left; i <= right; i++) {
  16. res.add(matrix[top][i]);
  17. }
  18. break;
  19. }
  20. if (left == right) {
  21. for (int i = top; i <= bottom; i++) {
  22. res.add(matrix[i][left]);
  23. }
  24. break;
  25. }
  26. for (int p = left; p <= right; p++) {
  27. res.add(matrix[top][p]);
  28. }
  29. top++;
  30. for (int p = top; p <= bottom; p++) {
  31. res.add(matrix[p][right]);
  32. }
  33. right--;
  34. for (int p = right; p >= left; p--) {
  35. res.add(matrix[bottom][p]);
  36. }
  37. bottom--;
  38. for (int p = bottom; p >= top; p--) {
  39. res.add(matrix[p][left]);
  40. }
  41. left++;
  42. }
  43. return res;
  44. }