网络设备的标准化模板
概述
为了提供交换机和路由器等网络设备的监控,我们创建了两个所谓的模型:网络设备本身(基本上是它的机框)和网络接口
从Zabbix 3.4开始提供了许多网络设备系列模板。 所有模板都覆盖(尽可能从设备中获取这些监控项):
- 机框故障监控(电源,风扇和温度,总体状态)
- 机框性能监控(CPU和内存监控项)
- 机框资产收集(序列号,型号名称,固件版本)
- 使用IF-MIB和EtherLike-MIB进行网络接口监控(接口状态,接口流量负载,以太网的双工状态)
这些模板获取来源:
- 在新安装的Zabbix中 - 前往配置 → 模板;
- 如果是从旧版本升级的Zabbix,你可以在下载的最新版本的Zabbix的
templates
目录中找到模板文件。在经过手工 导入这些模板文件后,可以在配置 → 模板页找到模板。
如果要导入新的开箱即用模板,您可能还需要将@Network自动发现接口
全局正则表达式更新为:
Result is FALSE: ^Software Loopback Interface
Result is FALSE: ^(In)?[lL]oop[bB]ack[0-9._]*$
Result is FALSE: ^NULL[0-9.]*$
Result is FALSE: ^[lL]o[0-9.]*$
Result is FALSE: ^[sS]ystem$
Result is FALSE: ^Nu[0-9.]*$
更新后,会过滤掉在大多数系统上环回和空接口。
设备
可用模板的设备系列列表:
模板名称 | 厂商 | 设备系列 | 已知模型 | 操作系统 | 使用的MIB库 | 标签 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alcatel Timetra TiMOS SNMP | Alcatel | Alcatel Timetra | ALCATEL SR 7750 | TiMOS | TIMETRA-SYSTEM-MIB,TIMETRA-CHASSIS-MIB | Certified |
Brocade FC SNMP | Brocade | Brocade FC switches | Brocade 300 SAN Switch- | - | SW-MIB,ENTITY-MIB | Performance, Fault |
Brocade_Foundry Stackable SNMP | Brocade | Brocade ICX | Brocade ICX6610, Brocade ICX7250-48, Brocade ICX7450-48F | FOUNDRY-SN-AGENT-MIB, FOUNDRY-SN-STACKING-MIB | Certified | |
Brocade_Foundry Nonstackable SNMP | Brocade, Foundry | Brocade MLX, Foundry | Brocade MLXe, Foundry FLS648, Foundry FWSX424 | FOUNDRY-SN-AGENT-MIB | Performance, Fault | |
Cisco Catalyst 3750<device model> SNMP | Cisco | Cisco Catalyst 3750 | Cisco Catalyst 3750V2-24FS, Cisco Catalyst 3750V2-24PS, Cisco Catalyst 3750V2-24TS, Cisco Catalyst SNMP, Cisco Catalyst SNMP | CISCO-MEMORY-POOL-MIB, IF-MIB, EtherLike-MIB, SNMPv2-MIB, CISCO-PROCESS-MIB, CISCO-ENVMON-MIB, ENTITY-MIB | Certified | |
Cisco IOS SNMP | Cisco | Cisco IOS ver > 12.2 3.5 | Cisco C2950 | IOS | CISCO-PROCESS-MIB,CISCO-MEMORY-POOL-MIB,CISCO-ENVMON-MIB | Certified |
Cisco IOS versions 12.0_3_T-12.2_3.5 SNMP | Cisco | Cisco IOS > 12.0 3 T and < 12.2 3.5 | - | IOS | CISCO-PROCESS-MIB,CISCO-MEMORY-POOL-MIB,CISCO-ENVMON-MIB | Certified |
Cisco IOS prior to 12.0_3_T SNMP | Cisco | Cisco IOS < 12.0 3 T | - | IOS | OLD-CISCO-CPU-MIB,CISCO-MEMORY-POOL-MIB | Certified |
D-Link DES_DGS Switch SNMP | D-Link | DES/DGX switches | D-Link DES-xxxx/DGS-xxxx,DLINK DGS-3420-26SC | - | DLINK-AGENT-MIB,EQUIPMENT-MIB,ENTITY-MIB | Certified |
D-Link DES 7200 SNMP | D-Link | DES-7xxx | D-Link DES 7206 | - | ENTITY-MIB,MY-SYSTEM-MIB,MY-PROCESS-MIB,MY-MEMORY-MIB | Performance Fault Interfaces |
Dell Force S-Series SNMP | Dell | Dell Force S-Series | S4810 | F10-S-SERIES-CHASSIS-MIB | Certified | |
Extreme Exos SNMP | Extreme | Extreme EXOS | X670V-48x | EXOS | EXTREME-SYSTEM-MIB,EXTREME-SOFTWARE-MONITOR-MIB | Certified |
Huawei VRP SNMP | Huawei | Huawei VRP | S2352P-EI | - | ENTITY-MIB,HUAWEI-ENTITY-EXTENT-MIB | Certified |
Intel_Qlogic Infiniband SNMP | Intel/QLogic | Intel/QLogic Infiniband devices | Infiniband 12300 | ICS-CHASSIS-MIB | Fault Inventory | |
Juniper SNMP | Juniper | MX,SRX,EX models | Juniper MX240, Juniper EX4200-24F | JunOS | JUNIPER-MIB | Certified |
Mellanox SNMP | Mellanox | Mellanox Infiniband devices | SX1036 | MLNX-OS | HOST-RESOURCES-MIB,ENTITY-MIB,ENTITY-SENSOR-MIB,MELLANOX-MIB | Certified |
MikroTik CCR<device model> SNMP | MikroTik | MikroTik Cloud Core Routers (CCR series) | Separate dedicated templates are available for MikroTik CCR1009-7G-1C-1S+, MikroTik CCR1009-7G-1C-1S+PC, MikroTik CCR1009-7G-1C-PC, MikroTik CCR1016-12G, MikroTik CCR1016-12S-1S+, MikroTik CCR1036-12G-4S-EM, MikroTik CCR1036-12G-4S, MikroTik CCR1036-8G-2S+, MikroTik CCR1036-8G-2S+EM, MikroTik CCR1072-1G-8S+, MikroTik CCR2004-16G-2S+, MikroTik CCR2004-1G-12S+2XS | RouterOS | MIKROTIK-MIB,HOST-RESOURCES-MIB | Certified |
MikroTik CRS<device model> SNMP | MikroTik | MikroTik Cloud Router Switches (CRS series) | Separate dedicated templates are available for MikroTik CRS106-1C-5S, MikroTik CRS109-8G-1S-2HnD-IN, MikroTik CRS112-8G-4S-IN, MikroTik CRS112-8P-4S-IN, MikroTik CRS125-24G-1S-2HnD-IN, MikroTik CRS212-1G-10S-1S+IN, MikroTik CRS305-1G-4S+IN, MikroTik CRS309-1G-8S+IN, MikroTik CRS312-4C+8XG-RM, MikroTik CRS317-1G-16S+RM, MikroTik CRS326-24G-2S+IN, MikroTik CRS326-24G-2S+RM, MikroTik CRS326-24S+2Q+RM, MikroTik CRS328-24P-4S+RM, MikroTik CRS328-4C-20S-4S+RM, MikroTik CRS354-48G-4S+2Q+RM, MikroTik CRS354-48P-4S+2Q+RM | RouterOS/SwitchOS | MIKROTIK-MIB,HOST-RESOURCES-MIB | Certified |
MikroTik CSS<device model> SNMP | MikroTik | MikroTik Cloud Smart Switches (CSS series) | Separate dedicated templates are available for MikroTik CSS326-24G-2S+RM, MikroTik CSS610-8G-2S+IN | RouterOS | MIKROTIK-MIB,HOST-RESOURCES-MIB | Certified |
MikroTik FiberBox SNMP | MikroTik | MikroTik FiberBox | MikroTik FiberBox | RouterOS | MIKROTIK-MIB,HOST-RESOURCES-MIB | Certified |
MikroTik hEX <device model> SNMP | MikroTik | MikroTik hEX | Separate dedicated templates are available for MikroTik hEX, MikroTik hEX lite, MikroTik hEX PoE, MikroTik hEX PoE lite, MikroTik hEX S | RouterOS | MIKROTIK-MIB,HOST-RESOURCES-MIB | Certified |
MikroTik netPower <device model> SNMP | MikroTik | MikroTik netPower | Separate dedicated templates are available for MikroTik netPower 15FR, MikroTik netPower 16P SNMP, MikroTik netPower Lite 7R | RouterOS/SwitchOS, SwitchOS Lite | MIKROTIK-MIB,HOST-RESOURCES-MIB | Certified |
MikroTik PowerBox <device model> SNMP | MikroTik | MikroTik PowerBox | Separate dedicated templates are available for MikroTik PowerBox, MikroTik PowerBox Pro | RouterOS | MIKROTIK-MIB,HOST-RESOURCES-MIB | Certified |
MikroTik RB<device model> SNMP | MikroTik | MikroTik RB series routers | Separate dedicated templates are available for MikroTik RB1100AHx4, MikroTik RB1100AHx4 Dude Edition, MikroTik RB2011iL-IN, MikroTik RB2011iL-RM, MikroTik RB2011iLS-IN, MikroTik RB2011UiAS-IN, MikroTik RB2011UiAS-RM, MikroTik RB260GS, MikroTik RB3011UiAS-RM, MikroTik RB4011iGS+RM, MikroTik RB5009UG+S+IN | RouterOS | MIKROTIK-MIB,HOST-RESOURCES-MIB | Certified |
MikroTik SNMP | MikroTik | MikroTik RouterOS devices | MikroTik CCR1016-12G, MikroTik RB2011UAS-2HnD, MikroTik 912UAG-5HPnD, MikroTik 941-2nD, MikroTik 951G-2HnD, MikroTik 1100AHx2 | RouterOS | MIKROTIK-MIB,HOST-RESOURCES-MIB | Certified |
QTech QSW SNMP | QTech | Qtech devices | Qtech QSW-2800-28T | - | QTECH-MIB,ENTITY-MIB | Performance Inventory |
Ubiquiti AirOS SNMP | Ubiquiti | Ubiquiti AirOS wireless devices | NanoBridge,NanoStation,Unifi | AirOS | FROGFOOT-RESOURCES-MIB,IEEE802dot11-MIB | Performance |
HP Comware HH3C SNMP | HP | HP (H3C) Comware | HP A5500-24G-4SFP HI Switch | HH3C-ENTITY-EXT-MIB,ENTITY-MIB | Certified | |
HP Enterprise Switch SNMP | HP | HP Enterprise Switch | HP ProCurve J4900B Switch 2626, HP J9728A 2920-48G Switch | STATISTICS-MIB,NETSWITCH-MIB,HP-ICF-CHASSIS,ENTITY-MIB,SEMI-MIB | Certified | |
TP-LINK SNMP | TP-LINK | TP-LINK | T2600G-28TS v2.0 | TPLINK-SYSMONITOR-MIB,TPLINK-SYSINFO-MIB | Performance Inventory | |
Netgear Fastpath SNMP | Netgear | Netgear Fastpath | M5300-28G | FASTPATH-SWITCHING-MIB,FASTPATH-BOXSERVICES-PRIVATE-MIB | Fault Inventory |
模板设计
模板的设计考虑了以下几点:
- 尽可能多的使用用户宏,以便用户可以调整触发器;
- 尽可能使用底层自动发现,以尽量减少不受支持的监控项的数量;
- 所有模板都依赖于模板 ICMP Ping,因此所有设备也由 ICMP 检查;
- 监控项不使用任何 MIB - SNMP OID 用于监控项和底层自动发现。 因此,无需将任何 MIB 加载到 Zabbix 中即可使模板正常工作;
- 环回网络接口在发现时被过滤以及ifAdminStatus = down(2)的接口;
- 尽可能使用 IF-MIB::ifXTable 中的 64 位计数器。 如果不支持,则使用默认的 32 位计数器。
所有发现的网络接口都有一个触发器来监控其运行状态(链接),例如:
{$IFCONTROL:"{#IFNAME}"}=1 and last(/Alcatel Timetra TiMOS SNMP/net.if.status[ifOperStatus.{#SNMPINDEX}])=2 and (last(/Alcatel Timetra TiMOS SNMP/net. if.status[ifOperStatus.{#SNMPINDEX}],#1)<>last(/Alcatel Timetra TiMOS SNMP/net.if.status[ifOperStatus.{#SNMPINDEX}],#2))
- 如果您不想监控特定接口的这种情况,请创建一个上下文值为 0 的用户宏。例如:
其中 Gi0/0 是 {#IFNAME}。 这样触发器就不再用于此特定接口。
- 您还可以更改所有触发器的默认行为,使其不触发并仅对有限数量的接口(如上行链路)激活此触发器:
标签
- Performance – 设备系列MIB提供了一种监控CPU和内存监控项的方法;
- Fault - 设备系列MIB提供监控至少一个温度传感器的方法;
- Inventory – 设备系列MIB提供了至少收集设备序列号和型号名称的方法;
- Certified – 涵盖上述所有三个主要类别。