GRANT <role>

GRANT <role> 语句用于将之前创建的角色授予给现有用户。用户可以通过 SET ROLE <rolename> 语句拥有角色权限，或者通过 SET ROLE ALL 语句拥有被授予的所有角色。

语法图

  1. GrantRoleStmt ::=
  2.     'GRANT' RolenameList 'TO' UsernameList
  4. RolenameList ::=
  5.     Rolename ( ',' Rolename )*
  7. UsernameList ::=
  8.     Username ( ',' Username )*

示例

创建新角色 analyticsteam 和新用户 jennifer：

  1. $ mysql -uroot
  3. CREATE ROLE analyticsteam;
  4. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
  5. GRANT SELECT ON test.* TO analyticsteam;
  6. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
  7. CREATE USER jennifer;
  8. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
  9. GRANT analyticsteam TO jennifer;
  10. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

需要注意的是，默认情况下，用户 jennifer 需要执行 SET ROLE analyticsteam 语句才能使用与角色相关联的权限：

  1. $ mysql -ujennifer
  3. SHOW GRANTS;
  4. +---------------------------------------------+
  5. | Grants for User                             |
  6. +---------------------------------------------+
  7. | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'jennifer'@'%'        |
  8. | GRANT 'analyticsteam'@'%' TO 'jennifer'@'%' |
  9. +---------------------------------------------+
  10. 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  12. SHOW TABLES in test;
  13. ERROR 1044 (42000): Access denied for user 'jennifer'@'%' to database 'test'
  14. SET ROLE analyticsteam;
  15. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  17. SHOW GRANTS;
  18. +---------------------------------------------+
  19. | Grants for User                             |
  20. +---------------------------------------------+
  21. | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'jennifer'@'%'        |
  22. | GRANT Select ON test.* TO 'jennifer'@'%'    |
  23. | GRANT 'analyticsteam'@'%' TO 'jennifer'@'%' |
  24. +---------------------------------------------+
  25. 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  27. SHOW TABLES IN test;
  28. +----------------+
  29. | Tables_in_test |
  30. +----------------+
  31. | t1             |
  32. +----------------+
  33. 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

执行 SET DEFAULT ROLE 语句将用户 jennifer 与某一角色相关联，这样该用户无需执行 SET ROLE 语句就能拥有与角色相关联的权限。

  1. $ mysql -uroot
  3. SET DEFAULT ROLE analyticsteam TO jennifer;
  4. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
  1. $ mysql -ujennifer
  3. SHOW GRANTS;
  4. +---------------------------------------------+
  5. | Grants for User                             |
  6. +---------------------------------------------+
  7. | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'jennifer'@'%'        |
  8. | GRANT Select ON test.* TO 'jennifer'@'%'    |
  9. | GRANT 'analyticsteam'@'%' TO 'jennifer'@'%' |
  10. +---------------------------------------------+
  11. 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  13. SHOW TABLES IN test;
  14. +----------------+
  15. | Tables_in_test |
  16. +----------------+
  17. | t1             |
  18. +----------------+
  19. 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MySQL 兼容性

GRANT <role> 语句与 MySQL 8.0 的角色功能完全兼容。如发现任何兼容性差异，请在 GitHub 上提交 issue。

另请参阅