The Finder Component

The Finder component finds files and directories based on different criteria(name, file size, modification time, etc.) via an intuitive fluent interface.

Installation

$ composer require symfony/finder

Note

If you install this component outside of a Symfony application, you mustrequire the vendor/autoload.php file in your code to enable the classautoloading mechanism provided by Composer. Readthis article for more details.

Usage

The Finder class finds files and/ordirectories:

use Symfony\Component\Finder\Finder;
 
$finder = new Finder();
// find all files in the current directory
$finder->files()->in(__DIR__);
 
// check if there are any search results
if ($finder->hasResults()) {
    // ...
}
 
foreach ($finder as $file) {
    $absoluteFilePath = $file->getRealPath();
    $fileNameWithExtension = $file->getRelativePathname();
 
    // ...
}

The $file variable is an instance ofSplFileInfo which extends PHP's ownSplFileInfo to provide methods to work with relative paths.

Caution

The Finder object doesn't reset its internal state automatically.This means that you need to create a new instance if you do not wantto get mixed results.

Searching for Files and Directories

The component provides lots of methods to define the search criteria. They allcan be chained because they implement a fluent interface.

Location

The location is the only mandatory criteria. It tells the finder whichdirectory to use for the search:

$finder->in(__DIR__);

Search in several locations by chaining calls toin():

// search inside *both* directories
$finder->in([__DIR__, '/elsewhere']);
 
// same as above
$finder->in(__DIR__)->in('/elsewhere');

Use * as a wildcard character to search in the directories matching apattern (each pattern has to resolve to at least one directory path):

$finder->in('src/Symfony/*/*/Resources');

Exclude directories from matching with theexclude() method:

// directories passed as argument must be relative to the ones defined with the in() method
$finder->in(__DIR__)->exclude('ruby');

It's also possible to ignore directories that you don't have permission to read:

$finder->ignoreUnreadableDirs()->in(__DIR__);

As the Finder uses PHP iterators, you can pass any URL with a supportedPHP wrapper for URL-style protocols (ftp://, zlib://, etc.):

// always add a trailing slash when looking for in the FTP root dir
$finder->in('ftp://example.com/');
 
// you can also look for in a FTP directory
$finder->in('ftp://example.com/pub/');

And it also works with user-defined streams:

use Symfony\Component\Finder\Finder;
 
// register a 's3://' wrapper with the official AWS SDK
$s3Client = new Aws\S3\S3Client([/* config options */]);
$s3Client->registerStreamWrapper();
 
$finder = new Finder();
$finder->name('photos*')->size('< 100K')->date('since 1 hour ago');
foreach ($finder->in('s3://bucket-name') as $file) {
    // ... do something with the file
}

Read the PHP streams documentation to learn how to create your own streams.

Files or Directories

By default, the Finder returns files and directories; but thefiles() anddirectories() methods control that:

// look for files only; ignore directories
$finder->files();
 
// look for directories only; ignore files
$finder->directories();

If you want to follow symbolic links, use the followLinks() method:

$finder->files()->followLinks();

Version Control Files

Version Control Systems (or "VCS" for short), such as Git and Mercurial,create some special files to store their metadata. Those files are ignored bydefault when looking for files and directories, but you can change this with theignoreVCS() method:

$finder->ignoreVCS(false);

If the search directory contains a .gitignore file, you can reuse thoserules to exclude files and directories from the results with theignoreVCSIgnored() method:

// excludes files/directories matching the .gitignore patterns
$finder->ignoreVCSIgnored(true);

New in version 4.3: The ignoreVCSIgnored() method was introduced in Symfony 4.3.

File Name

Find files by name with thename() method:

$finder->files()->name('*.php');

The name() method accepts globs, strings, regexes or an array of globs,strings or regexes:

$finder->files()->name('/\.php$/');

Multiple filenames can be defined by chaining calls or passing an array:

$finder->files()->name('*.php')->name('*.twig');
 
// same as above
$finder->files()->name(['*.php', '*.twig']);

The notName() method excludes files matching a pattern:

$finder->files()->notName('*.rb');

Multiple filenames can be excluded by chaining calls or passing an array:

$finder->files()->notName('*.rb')->notName('*.py');
 
// same as above
$finder->files()->notName(['*.rb', '*.py']);

File Contents

Find files by content with thecontains() method:

$finder->files()->contains('lorem ipsum');

The contains() method accepts strings or regexes:

$finder->files()->contains('/lorem\s+ipsum$/i');

The notContains() method excludes files containing given pattern:

$finder->files()->notContains('dolor sit amet');

Path

Find files and directories by path with thepath() method:

// matches files that contain "data" anywhere in their paths (files or directories)
$finder->path('data');
// for example this will match data/*.xml and data.xml if they exist
$finder->path('data')->name('*.xml');

Use the forward slash (i.e. /) as the directory separator on all platforms,including Windows. The component makes the necessary conversion internally.

The path() method accepts a string, a regular expression or an array ofstrings or regulars expressions:

$finder->path('foo/bar');
$finder->path('/^foo\/bar/');

Multiple paths can be defined by chaining calls or passing an array:

$finder->path('data')->path('foo/bar');
 
// same as above
$finder->path(['data', 'foo/bar']);

Internally, strings are converted into regular expressions by escaping slashesand adding delimiters:

The notPath() method excludes filesby path:

$finder->notPath('other/dir');

Multiple paths can be excluded by chaining calls or passing an array:

$finder->notPath('first/dir')->notPath('other/dir');
 
// same as above
$finder->notPath(['first/dir', 'other/dir']);

New in version 4.2: Support for passing arrays to notPath() was introduced in Symfony4.2

File Size

Find files by size with thesize() method:

$finder->files()->size('< 1.5K');

Restrict by a size range by chaining calls or passing an array:

$finder->files()->size('>= 1K')->size('<= 2K');
 
// same as above
$finder->files()->size(['>= 1K', '<= 2K']);

The comparison operator can be any of the following: >, >=, <,<=, ==, !=.

The target value may use magnitudes of kilobytes (k, ki), megabytes(m, mi), or gigabytes (g, gi). Those suffixed with an i usethe appropriate 2**n version in accordance with the IEC standard.

File Date

Find files by last modified dates with thedate() method:

$finder->date('since yesterday');

Restrict by a date range by chaining calls or passing an array:

$finder->date('>= 2018-01-01')->date('<= 2018-12-31');
 
// same as above
$finder->date(['>= 2018-01-01', '<= 2018-12-31']);

The comparison operator can be any of the following: >, >=, <,<=, ==. You can also use since or after as an alias for >,and until or before as an alias for <.

The target value can be any date supported by strtotime.

Directory Depth

By default, the Finder recursively traverses directories. Restrict the depth oftraversing with depth():

$finder->depth('== 0');
$finder->depth('< 3');

Restrict by a depth range by chaining calls or passing an array:

$finder->depth('> 2')->depth('< 5');
 
// same as above
$finder->depth(['> 2', '< 5']);

Custom Filtering

To filter results with your own strategy, usefilter():

$filter = function (\SplFileInfo $file)
{
    if (strlen($file) > 10) {
        return false;
    }
};
 
$finder->files()->filter($filter);

The filter() method takes a Closure as an argument. For each matching file,it is called with the file as a SplFileInfoinstance. The file is excluded from the result set if the Closure returnsfalse.

Sorting Results

Sort the results by name or by type (directories first, then files):

$finder->sortByName();
 
$finder->sortByType();

Tip

By default, the sortByName() method uses the strcmp PHPfunction (e.g. file1.txt, file10.txt, file2.txt). Pass trueas its argument to use PHP's natural sort order algorithm instead (e.g.file1.txt, file2.txt, file10.txt).

Sort the files and directories by the last accessed, changed or modified time:

$finder->sortByAccessedTime();
 
$finder->sortByChangedTime();
 
$finder->sortByModifiedTime();

You can also define your own sorting algorithm with the sort() method:

$finder->sort(function (\SplFileInfo $a, \SplFileInfo $b) {
    return strcmp($a->getRealPath(), $b->getRealPath());
});

You can reverse any sorting by using the reverseSorting() method:

// results will be sorted "Z to A" instead of the default "A to Z"
$finder->sortByName()->reverseSorting();

Note

Notice that the sort* methods need to get all matching elements to dotheir jobs. For large iterators, it is slow.

Transforming Results into Arrays

A Finder instance is an IteratorAggregate PHP class. So, in additionto iterating over the Finder results with foreach, you can also convert itto an array with the iterator_to_array function, or get thenumber of items with iterator_count.

If you call to the in() method morethan once to search through multiple locations, pass false as a secondparameter to iterator_to_array to avoid issues (a separateiterator is created for each location and, if you don't pass false toiterator_to_array, keys of result sets are used and some of themmight be duplicated and their values overwritten).

Reading Contents of Returned Files

The contents of returned files can be read withgetContents():

use Symfony\Component\Finder\Finder;
 
$finder = new Finder();
$finder->files()->in(__DIR__);
 
foreach ($finder as $file) {
    $contents = $file->getContents();
 
    // ...
}