Rasm2

rasm2 is an inline assembler/disassembler. Initially, rasm tool was designed to be used for binary patching. Its main function is to get bytes corresponding to given machine instruction opcode.

  1. $ rasm2 -h
  2. Usage: rasm2 [-ACdDehLBvw] [-a arch] [-b bits] [-o addr] [-s syntax]
  3.              [-f file] [-F fil:ter] [-i skip] [-l len] 'code'|hex|-
  4.  -a [arch]    Set architecture to assemble/disassemble (see -L)
  5.  -A           Show Analysis information from given hexpairs
  6.  -b [bits]    Set cpu register size (8, 16, 32, 64) (RASM2_BITS)
  7.  -B           Binary input/output (-l is mandatory for binary input)
  8.  -c [cpu]     Select specific CPU (depends on arch)
  9.  -C           Output in C format
  10.  -d, -D       Disassemble from hexpair bytes (-D show hexpairs)
  11.  -e           Use big endian instead of little endian
  12.  -E           Display ESIL expression (same input as in -d)
  13.  -f [file]    Read data from file
  14.  -F [in:out]  Specify input and/or output filters (att2intel, x86.pseudo, ...)
  15.  -h, -hh      Show this help, -hh for long
  16.  -i [len]     ignore/skip N bytes of the input buffer
  17.  -j           output in json format
  18.  -k [kernel]  Select operating system (linux, windows, darwin, ..)
  19.  -l [len]     Input/Output length
  20.  -L           List Asm plugins: (a=asm, d=disasm, A=analyze, e=ESIL)
  21.  -o [offset]  Set start address for code (default 0)
  22.  -O [file]    Output file name (rasm2 -Bf a.asm -O a)
  23.  -p           Run SPP over input for assembly
  24.  -q           quiet mode
  25.  -r           output in radare commands
  26.  -s [syntax]  Select syntax (intel, att)
  27.  -v           Show version information
  28.  -w           What's this instruction for? describe opcode
  29.  If '-l' value is greater than output length, output is padded with nops
  30.  If the last argument is '-' reads from stdin
  31. Environment:
  32.  RASM2_NOPLUGINS  do not load shared plugins (speedup loading)
  33.  RASM2_ARCH       same as rasm2 -a
  34.  RASM2_BITS       same as rasm2 -b
  35.  R_DEBUG          if defined, show error messages and crash signal

Plugins for supported target architectures can be listed with the -L option. Knowing a plugin name, you can use it by specifying its name to the -a option

  1. $ rasm2 -L
  2. _dAe  8 16       6502        LGPL3   6502/NES/C64/Tamagotchi/T-1000 CPU
  3. _dAe  8          8051        PD      8051 Intel CPU
  4. _dA_  16 32      arc         GPL3    Argonaut RISC Core
  5. a___  16 32 64   arm.as      LGPL3   as ARM Assembler (use ARM_AS environment)
  6. adAe  16 32 64   arm         BSD     Capstone ARM disassembler
  7. _dA_  16 32 64   arm.gnu     GPL3    Acorn RISC Machine CPU
  8. _d__  16 32      arm.winedbg LGPL2   WineDBG's ARM disassembler
  9. adAe  8 16       avr         GPL     AVR Atmel
  10. adAe  16 32 64   bf          LGPL3   Brainfuck (by pancake, nibble) v4.0.0
  11. _dA_  32         chip8       LGPL3   Chip8 disassembler
  12. _dA_  16         cr16        LGPL3   cr16 disassembly plugin
  13. _dA_  32         cris        GPL3    Axis Communications 32-bit embedded processor
  14. adA_  32 64      dalvik      LGPL3   AndroidVM Dalvik
  15. ad__  16         dcpu16      PD      Mojang's DCPU-16
  16. _dA_  32 64      ebc         LGPL3   EFI Bytecode
  17. adAe  16         gb          LGPL3   GameBoy(TM) (z80-like)
  18. _dAe  16         h8300       LGPL3   H8/300 disassembly plugin
  19. _dAe  32         hexagon     LGPL3   Qualcomm Hexagon (QDSP6) V6
  20. _d__  32         hppa        GPL3    HP PA-RISC
  21. _dAe             i4004       LGPL3   Intel 4004 microprocessor
  22. _dA_  8          i8080       BSD     Intel 8080 CPU
  23. adA_  32         java        Apache  Java bytecode
  24. _d__  32         lanai       GPL3    LANAI
  25. _d__  8          lh5801      LGPL3   SHARP LH5801 disassembler
  26. _d__  32         lm32        BSD     disassembly plugin for Lattice Micro 32 ISA
  27. _dA_  16 32      m68k        BSD     Capstone M68K disassembler
  28. _dA_  32         malbolge    LGPL3   Malbolge Ternary VM
  29. _d__  16         mcs96       LGPL3   condrets car
  30. adAe  16 32 64   mips        BSD     Capstone MIPS disassembler
  31. adAe  32 64      mips.gnu    GPL3    MIPS CPU
  32. _dA_  16         msp430      LGPL3   msp430 disassembly plugin
  33. _dA_  32         nios2       GPL3    NIOS II Embedded Processor
  34. _dAe  8          pic         LGPL3   PIC disassembler
  35. _dAe  32 64      ppc         BSD     Capstone PowerPC disassembler
  36. _dA_  32 64      ppc.gnu     GPL3    PowerPC
  37. _d__  32         propeller   LGPL3   propeller disassembly plugin
  38. _dA_  32 64      riscv       GPL     RISC-V
  39. _dAe  32         rsp         LGPL3   Reality Signal Processor
  40. _dAe  32         sh          GPL3    SuperH-4 CPU
  41. _dA_  8 16       snes        LGPL3   SuperNES CPU
  42. _dAe  32 64      sparc       BSD     Capstone SPARC disassembler
  43. _dA_  32 64      sparc.gnu   GPL3    Scalable Processor Architecture
  44. _d__  16         spc700      LGPL3   spc700, snes' sound-chip
  45. _d__  32         sysz        BSD     SystemZ CPU disassembler
  46. _dA_  32         tms320      LGPLv3  TMS320 DSP family (c54x,c55x,c55x+,c64x)
  47. _d__  32         tricore     GPL3    Siemens TriCore CPU
  48. _dAe  32         v810        LGPL3   v810 disassembly plugin
  49. _dAe  32         v850        LGPL3   v850 disassembly plugin
  50. _dAe  8 32       vax         GPL     VAX
  51. adA_  32         wasm        MIT     WebAssembly (by cgvwzq) v0.1.0
  52. _dA_  32         ws          LGPL3   Whitespace esotheric VM
  53. a___  16 32 64   x86.as      LGPL3   Intel X86 GNU Assembler
  54. _dAe  16 32 64   x86         BSD     Capstone X86 disassembler
  55. a___  16 32 64   x86.nasm    LGPL3   X86 nasm assembler
  56. a___  16 32 64   x86.nz      LGPL3   x86 handmade assembler
  57. _dA_  16         xap         PD      XAP4 RISC (CSR)
  58. _dA_  32         xcore       BSD     Capstone XCore disassembler
  59. _dAe  32         xtensa      GPL3    XTensa CPU
  60. adA_  8          z80         GPL     Zilog Z80

Note that “ad” in the first column means both assembler and disassembler are offered by a corresponding plugin. “d” indicates disassembler, “a“ means only assembler is available.