Pixhawk 1 飞控

The Pixhawk® 1 autopilot is a popular general purpose flight controller based on the Pixhawk-project FMUv2 open hardware design (it combines the functionality of the PX4FMU + PX4IO). It runs PX4 on the NuttX OS.

Tip Originally manufactured by 3DR® this board was the original standard microcontroller platform for PX4. While the board is no longer manufactured by 3DR, you can use the mRo Pixhawk as a drop-in replacement.

Pixhawk 图像

Assembly/setup instructions for use with PX4 are provided here: Pixhawk Wiring Quickstart

主要特性

  • Main System-on-Chip: STM32F427
    • CPU: 180 MHz ARM® Cortex® M4 with single-precision FPU
    • RAM: 256 KB SRAM (L1)
  • Failsafe System-on-Chip: STM32F100
    • CPU: 24 MHz ARM Cortex M3
    • RAM: 8 KB SRAM
  • Wifi: ESP8266 external
  • GPS: U-Blox® 7/8 (Hobbyking®) / U-Blox 6 (3D Robotics)
  • Optical flow: PX4 Flow unit
  • Redundant power supply inputs and automatic failover
  • External safety switch
  • Multicolor LED main visual indicator
  • High-power, multi-tone piezo audio indicator
  • microSD card for high-rate logging over extended periods of time

连接性

  • 1x I2C
  • 1x CAN (2x optional)
  • 1x ADC
  • 4x UART (2x with flow control)
  • 1x Console
  • 8x PWM with manual override
  • 6x PWM / GPIO / PWM input
  • S.BUS / PPM / Spektrum input
  • S.BUS output

在哪里买

Originally manufactured by 3DR® this board was the original standard microcontroller platform for PX4®. While the board is no longer manufactured by 3DR, you can use the mRo Pixhawk as a drop-in replacement.

Order mRo Pixhawk from:

产品规格

处理器

  • 32bit STM32F427 Cortex-M4F core with FPU
  • 168 MHz
  • 256 KB RAM
  • 2 MB Flash
  • 32 bit STM32F103 failsafe co-processor

传感器

  • ST Micro L3GD20H 16 bit gyroscope
  • ST Micro LSM303D 14 bit accelerometer / magnetometer
  • Invensense MPU 6000 3-axis accelerometer/gyroscope
  • MEAS MS5611 barometer

接口

  • 5x UART (serial ports), one high-power capable, 2x with HW flow control
  • 2x CAN (one with internal 3.3V transceiver, one on expansion connector)
  • Spektrum DSM / DSM2 / DSM-X® Satellite compatible input
  • Futaba S.BUS® compatible input and output
  • PPM sum signal input
  • RSSI (PWM or voltage) input
  • I2C
  • SPI
  • 3.3 and 6.6V ADC inputs
  • Internal microUSB port and external microUSB port extension

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Power System and Protection

  • Ideal diode controller with automatic failover
  • Servo rail high-power (max. 10V) and high-current (10A+) ready
  • All peripheral outputs over-current protected, all inputs ESD protected

额定电压

Pixhawk can be triple-redundant on the power supply if three power sources are supplied. The three rails are: Power module input, servo rail input, USB input.

正常运行最大额定值

Under these conditions all power sources will be used in this order to power the system

  • Power module input (4.8V to 5.4V)
  • Servo rail input (4.8V to 5.4V) UP TO 10V FOR MANUAL OVERRIDE, BUT AUTOPILOT PART WILL BE UNPOWERED ABOVE 5.7V IF POWER MODULE INPUT IS NOT PRESENT
  • USB power input (4.8V to 5.4V)

绝对最大额定值

Under these conditions the system will not draw any power (will not be operational), but will remain intact.

  • Power module input (4.1V to 5.7V, 0V to 20V undamaged)
  • Servo rail input (4.1V to 5.7V, 0V to 20V)
  • USB power input (4.1V to 5.7V, 0V to 6V)

原理图

FMUv2 + IOv2 schematic — Schematic and layout

Note As a CC-BY-SA 3.0 licensed Open Hardware design, all schematics and design files are available.

连接器

Tip The RC IN port is for RC receivers only and provides power. NEVER connect any servos, power supplies or batteries to it or to the receiver connected to it.

Pixhawk Connectors

针脚定义

TELEM1, TELEM2 ports

针脚 信号 电压
1（红） VCC +5V
2（黑） TX (OUT) +3.3V
3（黑） RX (IN) +3.3V
4（黑） CTS (IN) +3.3V
5（黑） RTS (OUT) +3.3V
6（黑） GND GND

GPS port

针脚 信号 电压
1（红） VCC +5V
2（黑） TX (OUT) +3.3V
3 (blk) RX (IN) +3.3V
4 (blk) CAN2 TX +3.3V
5 (blk) CAN2 RX +3.3V
6 (blk) GND GND

SERIAL 4/5 port - due to space constraints two ports are on one connector.

针脚 信号 电压
1 (red) VCC +5V
2 (blk) TX (#4) +3.3V
3 (blk) RX (#4) +3.3V
4 (blk) TX (#5) +3.3V
5 (blk) RX (#5) +3.3V
6 (blk) GND GND

ADC 6.6V

针脚 信号 电压
1 (red) VCC +5V
2 (blk) ADC IN up to +6.6V
3 (blk) GND GND

ADC 3.3V

针脚 信号 电压
1 (red) VCC +5V
2 (blk) ADC IN up to +3.3V
3 (blk) GND GND
4 (blk) ADC IN up to +3.3V
5 (blk) GND GND

I2C

针脚 信号 电压
1 (red) VCC +5V
2 (blk) SCL +3.3 (pullups)
3 (blk) SDA +3.3 (pullups)
4 (blk) GND GND

CAN

针脚 信号 电压
1 (red) VCC +5V
2 (blk) CAN_H +12V
3 (blk) CAN_L +12V
4 (blk) GND GND

SPI

针脚 信号 电压
1 (red) VCC +5V
2 (blk) SPI_EXT_SCK +3.3
3 (blk) SPI_EXT_MISO +3.3
4 (blk) SPI_EXT_MOSI +3.3
5 (blk) !SPI_EXT_NSS +3.3
6 (blk) !GPIO_EXT +3.3
7 (blk) GND GND

POWER

针脚 信号 电压
1 (red) VCC +5V
2 (blk) VCC +5V
3 (blk) CURRENT +3.3V
4 (blk) VOLTAGE +3.3V
5 (blk) GND GND
6 (blk) GND GND

SWITCH

针脚 信号 电压
1 (red) VCC +3.3V
2 (blk) !IO_LED_SAFETY GND
3 (blk) SAFETY GND

Console Port

The system’s serial console runs on the port labeled SERIAL4/5. The pinout is standard serial pinout, to connect to a standard FTDI cable (3.3V, but its 5V tolerant).

Please refer to the Devguide wiring page for details of how to wire up this port.

编译固件

Tip大多数用户将不需要建立此固件! 它是预构建的, 并在连接适当的硬件时由 QGroundControl 自动安装。

To build PX4 for this target:

  1. make px4_fmu-v2_default

Parts / Housings

支持的平台/机身

Any multicopter / airplane / rover or boat that can be controlled with normal RC servos or Futaba S-Bus servos.