可以通过运行单机模式 Pulsar 进行本地开发和测试。 单机模式的 Pulsar 需有 Pulsar broker、必要的 ZooKeeper 和 BookKeeper 组件,在单独的 Java 虚拟机(JVM)中运行。
在生产环境中运行 Pulsar?
了解如何在生产环境中运行完整的 Pulsar,请参阅 Pulsar 的集群部署。
安装单机模式 Pulsar
本教程将详细介绍安装的每一步。
系统要求
Pulsar is currently available for MacOS and Linux. To use Pulsar, you need to install Java 8 from Oracle download center.
Tip
By default, Pulsar allocates 2G JVM heap memory to start. It can be changed in
conf/pulsar_env.sh
file underPULSAR_MEM
. This is extra options passed into JVM.
安装二进制版本 Pulsar
首先,通过以下方式下载二进制安装包:
download from the Apache mirror (Pulsar 2.6.1 binary release)
从 Pulsar 官网下载页下载
从 Pulsar 发布页面下载
使用 wget 命令下载:
$ wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/pulsar/pulsar-2.6.1/apache-pulsar-2.6.1-bin.tar.gz
下载好压缩文件后,解压缩并使用 cd
命令进入文件所在位置:
$ tar xvfz apache-pulsar-2.6.1-bin.tar.gz
$ cd apache-pulsar-2.6.1
软件包包含的内容:
Pulsar 二进制包包含下列目录:
目录 | 内容 |
---|---|
bin | Pulsar 的命令行工具,比如:pulsar 、pulsar-admin 。 |
conf | Pulsar 的配置文件,包含 broker 配置、ZooKeeper 配置等。 |
examples | Java JAR 包,包含 Pulsar Functions 的示例。 |
lib | Pulsar使用到的 JAR 文件 |
licenses | 开源许可文件,.txt 格式,Pulsar 代码库的各个组件。 |
运行 Pulsar 会立即生成以下目录。
目录 | 内容 |
---|---|
data | ZooKeeper和BookKeeper使用的数据存储目录 |
instances | 为 Pulsar Functions 创建的组件。 |
logs | 安装时生成的日志文件 |
Tip
If you want to use builtin connectors and tiered storage offloaders, you can install them according to the following instructions:
Otherwise, skip this step and perform the next step Start Pulsar standalone. Pulsar can be successfully installed without installing bulitin connectors and tiered storage offloaders.
安装内置连接器(可选)
在 2.1.0-孵化
发布以后,Pulsar 发布了一个单独的二进制分布,其中包含所有的内置
连接器。 要启用这些内置
连接器,可以通过以下方式下载连接器安装包:
download from the Apache mirror Pulsar IO Connectors 2.6.1 release* 从 Pulsar 官网下载页下载
从 Pulsar 发布页面下载
使用 wget 命令下载:
$ wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/pulsar/pulsar-2.6.1/connectors/{connector}-2.6.1.nar
下载 nar 文件后,将其复制到 pulsar 目录下的 connectors
目录中。 比如,要下载 pulsar-io-aerospike-2.6.1.nar
连接器文件,则输入以下命令:
$ mkdir connectors
$ mv pulsar-io-aerospike-2.6.1.nar connectors
$ ls connectors
pulsar-io-aerospike-2.6.1.nar
...
Note
If you are running Pulsar in a bare metal cluster, make sure
connectors
tarball is unzipped in every pulsar directory of the broker (or in every pulsar directory of function-worker if you are running a separate worker cluster for Pulsar Functions).If you are running Pulsar in Docker or deploying Pulsar using a docker image (e.g. K8S or DCOS), you can use the
apachepulsar/pulsar-all
image instead of theapachepulsar/pulsar
image.apachepulsar/pulsar-all
镜像已经捆绑了所有内置 connector。
安装分层存储卸载程序(可选)
Tip
Since
2.2.0
release, Pulsar releases a separate binary distribution, containing the tiered storage offloaders. To enable tiered storage feature, follow the instructions below; otherwise skip this section.
要使用分层存储卸载程序,需要在所有 broker 节点上下载卸载程序的压缩文件,下载方式有以下几种:
download from the Apache mirror Pulsar Tiered Storage Offloaders 2.6.1 release* 从 Pulsar 官网下载页下载
从 Pulsar 发布页面下载
使用 wget 命令下载:
$ wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/pulsar/pulsar-2.6.1/apache-pulsar-offloaders-2.6.1-bin.tar.gz
下载卸载程序压缩包后,解压缩,并将卸载程序复制为 offloaders
存储在 pulsar 目录中:
$ tar xvfz apache-pulsar-offloaders-2.6.1-bin.tar.gz
// you will find a directory named `apache-pulsar-offloaders-2.6.1` in the pulsar directory
// then copy the offloaders
$ mv apache-pulsar-offloaders-2.6.1/offloaders offloaders
$ ls offloaders
tiered-storage-jcloud-2.6.1.nar
关于如何配置分层存储的详细信息,请参阅分层存储指南。
Note
If you are running Pulsar in a bare metal cluster, make sure that
offloaders
tarball is unzipped in every broker’s pulsar directory.If you are running Pulsar in Docker or deploying Pulsar using a docker image (e.g. K8S or DCOS), you can use the
apachepulsar/pulsar-all
image instead of theapachepulsar/pulsar
image.apachepulsar/pulsar-all
image has already bundled tiered storage offloaders.
启动单机模式 Pulsar
当有最新版本的本地副本后,可以使用 pulsar
命令启动本地集群(该命令存储在 bin
目录中),并且可以指定为以单机模式启动 Pulsar。
$ bin/pulsar standalone
成功启动 Pulsar 后,可以看到如下所示的 INFO
级日志消息:
2017-06-01 14:46:29,192 - INFO - [main:WebSocketService@95] - Configuration Store cache started
2017-06-01 14:46:29,192 - INFO - [main:AuthenticationService@61] - Authentication is disabled
2017-06-01 14:46:29,192 - INFO - [main:WebSocketService@108] - Pulsar WebSocket Service started
Tip
The service is running on your terminal, which is under your direct control. If you need to run other commands, open a new terminal window.
You can also run the service as a background process using thepulsar-daemon start standalone
command. For more information, see pulsar-daemon.By default, there is no encryption, authentication, or authorization configured. Apache Pulsar 允许在没有任何授权的情况下从远程服务器访问。 请检查安全概述文件以确保部署安全。
When you start a local standalone cluster, a
public/default
namespace is created automatically. 自动创建的命名空间将用于开发用途。 所有Pulsar的topic主题都在命名空间中进行管理。 了解更多信息,参阅 Topics。
使用单机模式 Pulsar
Pulsar 中有一个名为 pulsar-client
的 CLI 工具。 Pulsar-client 工具允许使用者在运行的集群中 consume 并 produce 消息到 Pulsar topic。
Consume 一条消息
在 first-subscription
订阅中 consume 一条消息到 my-topic
的命令如下所示:
$ bin/pulsar-client consume my-topic -s "first-subscription"
如果消息成功发送到 topic,则会在 pulsar-client
日志中出现一个确认,如下所示:
09:56:55.566 [pulsar-client-io-1-1] INFO org.apache.pulsar.client.impl.MultiTopicsConsumerImpl - [TopicsConsumerFakeTopicNamee2df9] [first-subscription] Success subscribe new topic my-topic in topics consumer, partitions: 4, allTopicPartitionsNumber: 4
Tip
As you have noticed that we do not explicitly create the
my-topic
topic, to which we consume the message. When you consume a message to a topic that does not yet exist, Pulsar creates that topic for you automatically. Producing a message to a topic that does not exist will automatically create that topic for you as well.
Produce 一条消息
向名称为 my-topic
的 topic 发送一条简单的消息 hello-pulsar
,命令如下所示:
$ bin/pulsar-client produce my-topic --messages "hello-pulsar"
如果消息成功发送到 topic,则会在 pulsar-client
日志中出现一个确认,如下所示:
13:09:39.356 [main] INFO org.apache.pulsar.client.cli.PulsarClientTool - 1 messages successfully produced
终止单机模式 Pulsar
使用 Ctrl+C
终止单机模式 Pulsar 的运行。
Tip
If the service runs as a background process using the
pulsar-daemon start standalone
command, then use thepulsar-daemon stop standalone
command to stop the service.For more information, see pulsar-daemon.