A. PostgreSQL 錯誤代碼
- Table A.1. PostgreSQL Error Codes

A. PostgreSQL 錯誤代碼

所有由PostgreSQL伺服器回傳的訊息，都會搭配一個 5 個字元的錯誤代碼，這些代碼均以 SQL 標準的 SQLSTATE 代碼所定義。應用程式應該以錯誤代碼作為程式行為，而非處理文字的錯誤訊息。這些錯誤代碼會隨 PostgreSQL 版本發佈而微幅更新，但不會因為不同語言的文字訊息影響其定義。特別注意，部份錯誤代碼是以 SQL 標準的定義所制定，而有些錯誤代碼是額外制定的，以對應其他 SQL 標準未定義的使用情況。

標準來看，錯誤代碼的前 2 個字元代表著這個錯誤的類別，而後面 3 個字元則指出在此類別中更詳細的發生情況。所以，應用程式即使未完整支援特定的錯誤代碼，仍然可以依類別代碼瞭解大概發生了什麼事。

下方的 Table A.1 列出了所有在 PostgreSQL 10 中所定義的錯誤代碼。（部份錯誤代碼可能實際上沒有使用，但仍然依 SQL 標準所制定）每一個錯誤的類別都有一個＂標準＂的錯誤情況，其最後 3 個字元為 000，只用於在該類別未特別詳細定義的錯誤情況。

在＂Condition Name＂欄位中的內容將能在 PL/pgSQL 中被使用。Condition Name 不論大小寫字母均可合法使用。（特別注意，PL/pgSQL 並不支援 00、01 及 02 的錯誤類別。）

有一些錯誤訊息，其回傳內容是發生錯誤的資料庫物件名稱（表格 Table、表格欄位 Table column、資料型別 data type、限制條件 constraint）。舉例來說，如果產生了 unique_violation 錯誤，則會回傳某個限制條件名稱。這些訊息將會分別額外的欄位回傳，所以應用程式不需要特別解譯描述性的訊息內容。在 PostgreSQL 9.3之前，這種回傳方式僅限於 SQLSTATE 類別 23（違反限制條件的一致性 integrity constraint violation），日後將儘可能延伸支援到所有類別。

Table A.1. PostgreSQL Error Codes

Error Code	Condition Name
	Class 00 — Successful Completion
`00000`	`successful_completion`
	Class 01 — Warning
`01000`	`warning`
`0100C`	`dynamic_result_sets_returned`
`01008`	`implicit_zero_bit_padding`
`01003`	`null_value_eliminated_in_set_function`
`01007`	`privilege_not_granted`
`01006`	`privilege_not_revoked`
`01004`	`string_data_right_truncation`
`01P01`	`deprecated_feature`
	Class 02 — No Data (this is also a warning class per the SQL standard)
`02000`	`no_data`
`02001`	`no_additional_dynamic_result_sets_returned`
	Class 03 — SQL Statement Not Yet Complete
`03000`	`sql_statement_not_yet_complete`
	Class 08 — Connection Exception
`08000`	`connection_exception`
`08003`	`connection_does_not_exist`
`08006`	`connection_failure`
`08001`	`sqlclient_unable_to_establish_sqlconnection`
`08004`	`sqlserver_rejected_establishment_of_sqlconnection`
`08007`	`transaction_resolution_unknown`
`08P01`	`protocol_violation`
	Class 09 — Triggered Action Exception
`09000`	`triggered_action_exception`
	Class 0A — Feature Not Supported
`0A000`	`feature_not_supported`
	Class 0B — Invalid Transaction Initiation
`0B000`	`invalid_transaction_initiation`
	Class 0F — Locator Exception
`0F000`	`locator_exception`
`0F001`	`invalid_locator_specification`
	Class 0L — Invalid Grantor
`0L000`	`invalid_grantor`
`0LP01`	`invalid_grant_operation`
	Class 0P — Invalid Role Specification
`0P000`	`invalid_role_specification`
	Class 0Z — Diagnostics Exception
`0Z000`	`diagnostics_exception`
`0Z002`	`stacked_diagnostics_accessed_without_active_handler`
	Class 20 — Case Not Found
`20000`	`case_not_found`
	Class 21 — Cardinality Violation
`21000`	`cardinality_violation`
	Class 22 — Data Exception
`22000`	`data_exception`
`2202E`	`array_subscript_error`
`22021`	`character_not_in_repertoire`
`22008`	`datetime_field_overflow`
`22012`	`division_by_zero`
`22005`	`error_in_assignment`
`2200B`	`escape_character_conflict`
`22022`	`indicator_overflow`
`22015`	`interval_field_overflow`
`2201E`	`invalid_argument_for_logarithm`
`22014`	`invalid_argument_for_ntile_function`
`22016`	`invalid_argument_for_nth_value_function`
`2201F`	`invalid_argument_for_power_function`
`2201G`	`invalid_argument_for_width_bucket_function`
`22018`	`invalid_character_value_for_cast`
`22007`	`invalid_datetime_format`
`22019`	`invalid_escape_character`
`2200D`	`invalid_escape_octet`
`22025`	`invalid_escape_sequence`
`22P06`	`nonstandard_use_of_escape_character`
`22010`	`invalid_indicator_parameter_value`
`22023`	`invalid_parameter_value`
`2201B`	`invalid_regular_expression`
`2201W`	`invalid_row_count_in_limit_clause`
`2201X`	`invalid_row_count_in_result_offset_clause`
`2202H`	`invalid_tablesample_argument`
`2202G`	`invalid_tablesample_repeat`
`22009`	`invalid_time_zone_displacement_value`
`2200C`	`invalid_use_of_escape_character`
`2200G`	`most_specific_type_mismatch`
`22004`	`null_value_not_allowed`
`22002`	`null_value_no_indicator_parameter`
`22003`	`numeric_value_out_of_range`
`2200H`	`sequence_generator_limit_exceeded`
`22026`	`string_data_length_mismatch`
`22001`	`string_data_right_truncation`
`22011`	`substring_error`
`22027`	`trim_error`
`22024`	`unterminated_c_string`
`2200F`	`zero_length_character_string`
`22P01`	`floating_point_exception`
`22P02`	`invalid_text_representation`
`22P03`	`invalid_binary_representation`
`22P04`	`bad_copy_file_format`
`22P05`	`untranslatable_character`
`2200L`	`not_an_xml_document`
`2200M`	`invalid_xml_document`
`2200N`	`invalid_xml_content`
`2200S`	`invalid_xml_comment`
`2200T`	`invalid_xml_processing_instruction`
	Class 23 — Integrity Constraint Violation
`23000`	`integrity_constraint_violation`
`23001`	`restrict_violation`
`23502`	`not_null_violation`
`23503`	`foreign_key_violation`
`23505`	`unique_violation`
`23514`	`check_violation`
`23P01`	`exclusion_violation`
	Class 24 — Invalid Cursor State
`24000`	`invalid_cursor_state`
	Class 25 — Invalid Transaction State
`25000`	`invalid_transaction_state`
`25001`	`active_sql_transaction`
`25002`	`branch_transaction_already_active`
`25008`	`held_cursor_requires_same_isolation_level`
`25003`	`inappropriate_access_mode_for_branch_transaction`
`25004`	`inappropriate_isolation_level_for_branch_transaction`
`25005`	`no_active_sql_transaction_for_branch_transaction`
`25006`	`read_only_sql_transaction`
`25007`	`schema_and_data_statement_mixing_not_supported`
`25P01`	`no_active_sql_transaction`
`25P02`	`in_failed_sql_transaction`
`25P03`	`idle_in_transaction_session_timeout`
	Class 26 — Invalid SQL Statement Name
`26000`	`invalid_sql_statement_name`
	Class 27 — Triggered Data Change Violation
`27000`	`triggered_data_change_violation`
	Class 28 — Invalid Authorization Specification
`28000`	`invalid_authorization_specification`
`28P01`	`invalid_password`
	Class 2B — Dependent Privilege Descriptors Still Exist
`2B000`	`dependent_privilege_descriptors_still_exist`
`2BP01`	`dependent_objects_still_exist`
	Class 2D — Invalid Transaction Termination
`2D000`	`invalid_transaction_termination`
	Class 2F — SQL Routine Exception
`2F000`	`sql_routine_exception`
`2F005`	`function_executed_no_return_statement`
`2F002`	`modifying_sql_data_not_permitted`
`2F003`	`prohibited_sql_statement_attempted`
`2F004`	`reading_sql_data_not_permitted`
	Class 34 — Invalid Cursor Name
`34000`	`invalid_cursor_name`
	Class 38 — External Routine Exception
`38000`	`external_routine_exception`
`38001`	`containing_sql_not_permitted`
`38002`	`modifying_sql_data_not_permitted`
`38003`	`prohibited_sql_statement_attempted`
`38004`	`reading_sql_data_not_permitted`
	Class 39 — External Routine Invocation Exception
`39000`	`external_routine_invocation_exception`
`39001`	`invalid_sqlstate_returned`
`39004`	`null_value_not_allowed`
`39P01`	`trigger_protocol_violated`
`39P02`	`srf_protocol_violated`
`39P03`	`event_trigger_protocol_violated`
	Class 3B — Savepoint Exception
`3B000`	`savepoint_exception`
`3B001`	`invalid_savepoint_specification`
	Class 3D — Invalid Catalog Name
`3D000`	`invalid_catalog_name`
	Class 3F — Invalid Schema Name
`3F000`	`invalid_schema_name`
	Class 40 — Transaction Rollback
`40000`	`transaction_rollback`
`40002`	`transaction_integrity_constraint_violation`
`40001`	`serialization_failure`
`40003`	`statement_completion_unknown`
`40P01`	`deadlock_detected`
	Class 42 — Syntax Error or Access Rule Violation
`42000`	`syntax_error_or_access_rule_violation`
`42601`	`syntax_error`
`42501`	`insufficient_privilege`
`42846`	`cannot_coerce`
`42803`	`grouping_error`
`42P20`	`windowing_error`
`42P19`	`invalid_recursion`
`42830`	`invalid_foreign_key`
`42602`	`invalid_name`
`42622`	`name_too_long`
`42939`	`reserved_name`
`42804`	`datatype_mismatch`
`42P18`	`indeterminate_datatype`
`42P21`	`collation_mismatch`
`42P22`	`indeterminate_collation`
`42809`	`wrong_object_type`
`428C9`	`generated_always`
`42703`	`undefined_column`
`42883`	`undefined_function`
`42P01`	`undefined_table`
`42P02`	`undefined_parameter`
`42704`	`undefined_object`
`42701`	`duplicate_column`
`42P03`	`duplicate_cursor`
`42P04`	`duplicate_database`
`42723`	`duplicate_function`
`42P05`	`duplicate_prepared_statement`
`42P06`	`duplicate_schema`
`42P07`	`duplicate_table`
`42712`	`duplicate_alias`
`42710`	`duplicate_object`
`42702`	`ambiguous_column`
`42725`	`ambiguous_function`
`42P08`	`ambiguous_parameter`
`42P09`	`ambiguous_alias`
`42P10`	`invalid_column_reference`
`42611`	`invalid_column_definition`
`42P11`	`invalid_cursor_definition`
`42P12`	`invalid_database_definition`
`42P13`	`invalid_function_definition`
`42P14`	`invalid_prepared_statement_definition`
`42P15`	`invalid_schema_definition`
`42P16`	`invalid_table_definition`
`42P17`	`invalid_object_definition`
	Class 44 — WITH CHECK OPTION Violation
`44000`	`with_check_option_violation`
	Class 53 — Insufficient Resources
`53000`	`insufficient_resources`
`53100`	`disk_full`
`53200`	`out_of_memory`
`53300`	`too_many_connections`
`53400`	`configuration_limit_exceeded`
	Class 54 — Program Limit Exceeded
`54000`	`program_limit_exceeded`
`54001`	`statement_too_complex`
`54011`	`too_many_columns`
`54023`	`too_many_arguments`
	Class 55 — Object Not In Prerequisite State
`55000`	`object_not_in_prerequisite_state`
`55006`	`object_in_use`
`55P02`	`cant_change_runtime_param`
`55P03`	`lock_not_available`
`55P04`	`unsafe_new_enum_value_usage`
	Class 57 — Operator Intervention
`57000`	`operator_intervention`
`57014`	`query_canceled`
`57P01`	`admin_shutdown`
`57P02`	`crash_shutdown`
`57P03`	`cannot_connect_now`
`57P04`	`database_dropped`
	Class 58 — System Error (errors external toPostgreSQLitself)
`58000`	`system_error`
`58030`	`io_error`
`58P01`	`undefined_file`
`58P02`	`duplicate_file`
	Class 72 — Snapshot Failure
`72000`	`snapshot_too_old`
	Class F0 — Configuration File Error
`F0000`	`config_file_error`
`F0001`	`lock_file_exists`
	Class HV — Foreign Data Wrapper Error (SQL/MED)
`HV000`	`fdw_error`
`HV005`	`fdw_column_name_not_found`
`HV002`	`fdw_dynamic_parameter_value_needed`
`HV010`	`fdw_function_sequence_error`
`HV021`	`fdw_inconsistent_descriptor_information`
`HV024`	`fdw_invalid_attribute_value`
`HV007`	`fdw_invalid_column_name`
`HV008`	`fdw_invalid_column_number`
`HV004`	`fdw_invalid_data_type`
`HV006`	`fdw_invalid_data_type_descriptors`
`HV091`	`fdw_invalid_descriptor_field_identifier`
`HV00B`	`fdw_invalid_handle`
`HV00C`	`fdw_invalid_option_index`
`HV00D`	`fdw_invalid_option_name`
`HV090`	`fdw_invalid_string_length_or_buffer_length`
`HV00A`	`fdw_invalid_string_format`
`HV009`	`fdw_invalid_use_of_null_pointer`
`HV014`	`fdw_too_many_handles`
`HV001`	`fdw_out_of_memory`
`HV00P`	`fdw_no_schemas`
`HV00J`	`fdw_option_name_not_found`
`HV00K`	`fdw_reply_handle`
`HV00Q`	`fdw_schema_not_found`
`HV00R`	`fdw_table_not_found`
`HV00L`	`fdw_unable_to_create_execution`
`HV00M`	`fdw_unable_to_create_reply`
`HV00N`	`fdw_unable_to_establish_connection`
	Class P0 — PL/pgSQL Error
`P0000`	`plpgsql_error`
`P0001`	`raise_exception`
`P0002`	`no_data_found`
`P0003`	`too_many_rows`
`P0004`	`assert_failure`
	Class XX — Internal Error
`XX000`	`internal_error`
`XX001`	`data_corrupted`
`XX002`	`index_corrupted`

https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/errcodes-appendix.html