集合支持的函数
集合操作符
\=
参数:nesttable类型
返回值:true or false,bool类型
功能描述:两个集合类型是否相等。
示例:
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int;
openGauss-# a nest := nest(1,2);
openGauss-# b nest := nest(1,2);
openGauss-# flag bool;
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# flag := a = b;
openGauss$# raise info '%', flag;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: t
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
<>
参数:nesttable类型
返回值:true or false,bool类型
功能描述:两个集合类型是否不相等。
示例:
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int;
openGauss-# a nest := nest(1,2);
openGauss-# b nest := nest(1,2);
openGauss-# flag bool;
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# flag := a <> b;
openGauss$# raise info '%', flag;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: f
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
集合MULTISET函数
MULTISET UNION [ALL | DISTINCT]
参数:nesttable类型
返回值:nesttable类型
功能描述:两个集合变量的并集,ALL不去除重复元素,DISTINCT去除重复元素。
示例:
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int;
openGauss-# a nest := nest(1,2);
openGauss-# b nest := nest(2,3);
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# a := a MULTISET UNION ALL b;
openGauss$# raise info '%', a;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: {1,2,2,3}
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int;
openGauss-# a nest := nest(1,2);
openGauss-# b nest := nest(2,3);
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# a := a MULTISET UNION DISTINCT b;
openGauss$# raise info '%', a;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: {1,2,3}
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
MULTISET EXCEPT [ALL | DISTINCT]
参数:nesttable类型
返回值:nesttable类型
功能描述:两个集合变量的差集。如A MULTISET EXCEPT B:ALL表示去除A中与B重复的元素;DISTINCT表示先对A进行去重操作,然后去除与B中有重复的元素。
示例:
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int;
openGauss-# a nest := nest(1,2,2);
openGauss-# b nest := nest(2,3);
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# a := a MULTISET EXCEPT ALL b;
openGauss$# raise info '%', a;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: {1,2}
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int;
openGauss-# a nest := nest(1,2,2);
openGauss-# b nest := nest(2,3);
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# a := a MULTISET EXCEPT DISTINCT b;
openGauss$# raise info '%', a;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: {1}
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
MULTISET INTERSECT [ALL | DISTINCT]
参数:nesttable类型
返回值:nesttable类型
功能描述:两个集合变量的交集。如 A MULTISET INTERSECT B:ALL表是取A与B所有重复的元素;DISTINCT表示取A与B中重复元素,且去除重复元素。
示例:
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int;
openGauss-# a nest := nest(1,2,2);
openGauss-# b nest := nest(2,2,3);
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# a := a MULTISET INTERSECT ALL b;
openGauss$# raise info '%', a;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: {2,2}
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int;
openGauss-# a nest := nest(1,2,2);
openGauss-# b nest := nest(2,2,3);
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# a := a MULTISET INTERSECT DISTINCT b;
openGauss$# raise info '%', a;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: {2}
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
集合类型函数
exists(idx)
参数:idx为int4类型或varchar类型,
返回值:true or false,bool类型
功能描述:查找指定位置是否存在有效元素。
示例:
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of varchar2;
openGauss-# a nest := nest('happy','?');
openGauss-# flag bool;
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# flag := a.exists(1);
openGauss$# raise info '%', flag;
openGauss$# flag := a.exists(10);
openGauss$# raise info '%', flag;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: t
INFO: f
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of varchar2 index by varchar2;
openGauss-# a nest;
openGauss-# flag bool;
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# a('1') := 'Be';
openGauss$# a('2') := 'happy';
openGauss$# a('3') := '.';
openGauss$# flag := a.exists('1');
openGauss$# raise info '%', flag;
openGauss$# flag := a.exists('ddd');
openGauss$# raise info '%', flag;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: t
INFO: f
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
extend[(count[, idx])]
参数:idx和count为int4类型
返回值:无返回值
功能描述:仅支持nesttable类型。在nesttable变量末尾拓展1个或count个元素。存在idx下标元素时,拷贝count个idx下元素到变量末尾。
约束:嵌套场景不支持extend()。
示例:
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int;
openGauss-# a nest := nest(1);
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# raise info '%', a;
openGauss$# a.extend;
openGauss$# raise info '%', a;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: {1}
INFO: {1,NULL}
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int;
openGauss-# a nest := nest(1);
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# raise info '%', a;
openGauss$# a.extend(2);
openGauss$# raise info '%', a;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: {1}
INFO: {1,NULL,NULL}
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int;
openGauss-# a nest := nest(1);
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# raise info '%', a;
openGauss$# a.extend(2,1);
openGauss$# raise info '%', a;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: {1}
INFO: {1,1,1}
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
delete[(idx1[, idx2])]
参数:idx1和idx2为int4类型或varchar2类型
返回值:无返回值
功能描述:无参数时,(nesttable)删除集合类型的所有元素和空间,后续使用需要重新extend,(indexbytable)删除所有元素内容,一个参数删除指定位置元素(不删除空间),两个参数删除小标区间内的元素(不删除空间)。
约束:嵌套场景不支持delete()。
示例:
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int;
openGauss-# a nest := nest(1,2,3,4,5);
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# raise info '%', a;
openGauss$# a.delete;
openGauss$# raise info '%', a;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: {1,2,3,4,5}
INFO: {}
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int;
openGauss-# a nest := nest(1,2,3,4,5);
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# raise info '%', a;
openGauss$# a.delete(3);
openGauss$# raise info '%', a;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: {1,2,3,4,5}
INFO: {1,2,4,5}
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int;
openGauss-# a nest := nest(1,2,3,4,5);
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# raise info '%', a;
openGauss$# a.delete(2,4);
openGauss$# raise info '%', a;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: {1,2,3,4,5}
INFO: {1,5}
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
trim[(n)]
参数:n为int4类型
返回值:无返回值
功能描述:仅支持nesttable类型,无参数时,删除末尾一个元素空间,输入参数合法时,删除末尾指定数量元素空间。
约束:嵌套场景不支持trim()。
示例:
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int;
openGauss-# aa nest:=nest(11,22,33,44,55);
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# raise info 'aa:%' ,aa;
openGauss$# aa.trim;
openGauss$# raise info 'aa:%' ,aa;
openGauss$# aa.trim(2);
openGauss$# raise info 'aa:%' ,aa;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: aa:{11,22,33,44,55}
INFO: aa:{11,22,33,44}
INFO: aa:{11,22}
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
count
参数:无
返回值:int类型
功能描述:返回集合中存在有效元素的个数。
示例:
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int;
openGauss-# aa nest:=nest(11,22,33,44,55);
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# raise info 'count:%' ,aa.count;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: count:5
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int index by varchar;
openGauss-# aa nest;
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# aa('aaa') := 111;
openGauss$# aa('bbb') := 222;
openGauss$# aa('ccc') := 333;
openGauss$# raise info 'count:%' ,aa.count;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: count:3
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
first
参数:无
返回值:int类型或varchar类型
功能描述:返回集合中第一个有效元素的下标。
示例:
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int;
openGauss-# aa nest:=nest(11,22,33,44,55);
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# raise info 'first:%' ,aa.first;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: first:1
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int index by varchar;
openGauss-# aa nest;
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# aa('aaa') := 111;
openGauss$# aa('bbb') := 222;
openGauss$# aa('ccc') := 333;
openGauss$# raise info 'first:%' ,aa.first;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: first:aaa
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
last
参数:无
返回值:int类型或varchar类型
功能描述:返回集合中最后一个有效元素的下标。
示例:
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int;
openGauss-# aa nest:=nest(11,22,33,44,55);
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# raise info 'last:%' ,aa.last;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: last:5
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int index by varchar;
openGauss-# aa nest;
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# aa('aaa') := 111;
openGauss$# aa('bbb') := 222;
openGauss$# aa('ccc') := 333;
openGauss$# raise info 'last:%' ,aa.last;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: last:ccc
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
prior(idx)
参数:idx为int类型或varchar类型
返回值:int类型或varchar类型
功能描述:返回集合中当前下标的前一个有效元素下标。
示例:
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int;
openGauss-# aa nest:=nest(11,22,33,44,55);
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# raise info 'prior:%' ,aa.prior(3);
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: prior:2
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int index by varchar;
openGauss-# aa nest;
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# aa('aaa') := 111;
openGauss$# aa('bbb') := 222;
openGauss$# aa('ccc') := 333;
openGauss$# raise info 'prior:%' ,aa.prior('bbb');
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: prior:aaa
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
next(idx)
参数:idx为int类型或varchar类型
返回值:int类型或varchar类型
功能描述:返回集合中当前下标的后一个有效元素下标。
示例:
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int;
openGauss-# aa nest:=nest(11,22,33,44,55);
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# raise info 'next:%' ,aa.next(3);
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: next:4
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int index by varchar;
openGauss-# aa nest;
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# aa('aaa') := 111;
openGauss$# aa('bbb') := 222;
openGauss$# aa('ccc') := 333;
openGauss$# raise info 'next:%' ,aa.next('bbb');
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: next:ccc
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
limit
参数:无
返回值:null
功能描述:用于nesttable类型,返回集合中最大可以储存的元素个数,只适用于array类型,nesttable返回空。
示例:
openGauss=# declare
openGauss-# type nest is table of int;
openGauss-# aa nest:=nest(11,22,33,44,55);
openGauss-# begin
openGauss$# raise info 'limit:%' ,aa.limit;
openGauss$# end;
openGauss$# /
INFO: limit:<NULL>
ANONYMOUS BLOCK EXECUTE
集合相关函数
unnest_table(anynesttable)
描述:返回nesttable中的元素集合。
返回类型:setof anyelement
约束:不支持tableof类型嵌套tableof类型或者tableof嵌套其他类型再嵌套tableof类型的情况。
示例:
create or replace procedure f1()
as
type t1 is table of int;
v2 t1 := t1(null, 2, 3, 4, null);
tmp int;
cursor c1 is select * from unnest_table(v2);
begin
open c1;
for i in 1 .. v2.count loop
fetch c1 into tmp;
if tmp is null then
dbe_output.print_line(i || ': is null');
else
dbe_output.print_line(i || ': ' || tmp);
end if;
end loop;
close c1;
end;
/
openGauss=# call f1();
1: is null
2: 2
3: 3
4: 4
5: is null
f1
----
(1 row)
unnest_table(anyindexbytable)
描述:返回table of index by类型根据index排序后的元素集合。
返回类型:setof anyelement
约束:不支持tableof类型嵌套tableof类型或者tableof嵌套其他类型再嵌套tableof类型的情况。只支持index by int类型,不支持index by varchar类型。
示例:
create or replace procedure f1()
as
type t1 is table of int index by int;
v2 t1 := t1(1=>1, -10=>(-10), 6=>6, 4=>null);
tmp int;
cursor c1 is select * from unnest_table(v2);
begin
open c1;
for i in 1 .. v2.count loop
fetch c1 into tmp;
if tmp is null then
dbe_output.print_line(i || ': is null');
else
dbe_output.print_line(i || ': ' || tmp);
end if;
end loop;
close c1;
end;
/
openGauss=# call f1();
1: -10
2: 1
3: is null
4: 6
f1
----
(1 row)