通过的商机优化你的销售周期

While a lead represents the first contact with a prospect yet to be qualified, a sales opportunity represents a potential contract. Each opportunity has to be followed up by a salesperson (or sales team) spending time to qualify the opportunity, and this either by making a quotation or cancelling the opportunity.

Leads are generally handled by the dozen, with the automation of certain responses or emails. Opportunities, on the contrary, are usually tracked one by one by the salespeople, because an opportunity involves a negotiation process with the customer to be.

Just like for leads, OpenERP provides specific features to handle sales opportunities efficiently. All opportunities can be found in the menu Sales ‣ Sales ‣ Opportunities.

With opportunities, you can manage and keep track of your sales pipeline by creating specific customer- or prospect-related sales documents to follow up potential sales. Information such as expected revenue, opportunity stage, expected closing date, communication history, next action date, next action, and much more can be stored.

Opportunities can be connected to the email gateway: new emails may create opportunities, each of them automatically gets the history of the conversation with the customer. You and your sales team(s) will be able to plan meetings and phone calls from opportunities, convert them into quotations, manage related documents, track all customer-related activities, and much more.

小技巧

附件

By default, you can keep attachments in OpenERP to make sure all linked documents are directly accessible. At the right side of the screen, under Attachments, click the Add button to start linking documents to your opportunity. With the Browse button, you can search for the file to be attached in your directories. You can add attachments in the same way for leads, for instance. If you also want those documents to be indexed (not for pictures), you should install the Knowledge Application.

转换线索为客户或者商机

If the salesperson thinks that the lead has been well qualified and that there is a real opportunity, following the contact he had with the prospect, he can easily convert the lead into a partner / opportunity using the button Convert to Opportunity.

Clicking the Convert to Opportunity button offers several possibilities, allowing you also to avoid duplicate partners:

• You can decide to just create the opportunity and keep the contact data from the lead without creating a partner,

• You can convert to an opportunity, and create a new partner if it does not exist yet, or merge the contact with an existing partner,

• You first create a partner, and later you convert the lead to an opportunity.

To create only a partner, click the button Create next to the Customer field. You can also decide to add the contact data of the lead as a new contact to an existing partner.

OpenERP shows a window allowing you to select:

• whether you want to create a new partner,

• whether you want to link this contact to an existing partner (merge).

OpenERP opens a partner form containing the information from the lead. At this stage you can complete the contact details or add any other information for the partner.

The partner created is automatically attached to the lead, which enables you to keep complete traceability from the lead. To find this information, you should take a look at the Communication & History tab in the lead.

Instead, you can also combine the step of creating a partner and directly the lead converting into an opportunity through the Convert to Opportunity feature.

小技巧

转换为商机

When you click the Convert to Opportunity button and the email address of the new contact is filled out, OpenERP will check whether this email address corresponds to an email address of an existing partner. If so, OpenERP will directly propose to merge the new contact with the partner found.

When you click the Convert to Opportunity button and the partner already exists, OpenERP opens a window allowing you to select:

• 你是否想创建一个新的商机，

• 你是否要添加这个现有的机会（合并）。

OpenERP shows the title of the opportunity (taken from the lead description) and the partner. Make sure to enter the estimated revenue and the success rate (probability) of converting to a sales.

Converting a Lead into a Sales Opportunity

From Lead to Opportunity: Details

调整 OpenERP 适应你的销售组织

Your sales organization may be composed of several groups which for instance address different customer segments or geographies, sell different products and services and often manage different sales cycles. As a manager you will want to track the performance not only for each individual but also for each group.

OpenERP allows you to do that by defining Sales Teams. A sales team is a group of sales people who are performing a similar position. Implementing sales teams is a powerful tool. It allows you to:

• Assign leads or opportunities according to their nature to a sales team first. Then according to the company’s policy, the opportunities can be assigned to a given individual. For example opportunities can be assigned to a Western Region sales team or Eastern Region sales team in the first place according to their location. Each sales person may pick unassigned opportunities in his sales team according to his availability,

• You can group your sales teams according to a tree structure (hierarchy). This allows you to have a view of your sales activity at different granular levels (local, regional, national for instance),

• Some sales teams may manage their opportunities through different sales cycles. For instance a car dealership which addresses both the residential and corporate customers, will have different sales cycles.

• For each sales team, you can assign a responsible user and an email address that will be used when creating or replying to emails from OpenERP. This will be proposed by default in OpenERP when you create an event for this customer.

注解

销售团队

To define your Sales Teams, go to Sales ‣ Configuration ‣ Sales ‣ Sales Teams.

现在咱们以一个银行为例来解释一下如何去理解销售团队。通常银行都会有几个常见的部门设置，如保险，会计，资产，信用等管理部门。而每个管理部门又可以分成一些子部门。又如保险部门又需要分为团体险与家庭险等部门。所以，类似银行的部门结构可以按下面的数据进行录入：

• 保险销售团队

  • 保险集团

  • 保险之家

• 客户的销售团队

• 资产的销售团队

• 信用管理销售团队

定义销售周期的关键步骤

虽然大部分公司的销售阶段都比较相似，但基本上都或多或少地对商机的阶段进行一些适当地调整。

To see & define stages for Opportunity qualification, go to Sales ‣ Configuration ‣ Opportunities ‣ Stages.

The key steps of your Sales Cycle are what OpenERP calls Stages. You can use the stages to improve your sales capacity, because they allow you to find out the reasons why deals succeed or fail.

Stages will allow salesmen to easily track where a specific opportunity is positioned in the sales cycle. One of the frequent difficulties in using stages is that different sales people may assess differently in which stage their sales opportunity should be. You can avoid this by clearly stating what you expect as a result for each stage. This way, your sales teams will use the same stages throughout the qualification process, allowing the sales manager to get accurate and consistent information. We also recommend to limit the number of stages in your sales cycle to make them easy to follow up.

As you progress in your sales cycle, and move from one stage to another, you can expect to have more precise information about a given opportunity. For example, when setting an opportunity as ‘Qualified’, you may decide that the salesman has to enter the “Expected Revenue” and the “Expected Closing Date.” You can also have the probability changed automatically when changing stages, by selecting the “Change Probability Automatically” checkbox. If checked, OpenERP will set the probability of the opportunity to the probability defined in the stage. If you set a probability of 0% (Lost) or 100% (Won), OpenERP will assign the corresponding stage when the opportunity is marked as Lost or Won.

As an example, to track your opportunities, you can assign the following stages to the sales team. For each stage, you assume you will define criteria that have to be met prior to moving to the next stage.

1. Territory - Segment your opportunities into territories.

2. 合格的–吸引潜在客户的兴趣，决定是否有需要的前景。

   预期的结果是什么？

   • 需要购买的产品/服务已被确认，

   • 确认有一个预算。

1. Qualified Sponsors – Ask the right questions and listen carefully to identify and thoroughly understand the prospect’s needs.

   预期的结果是什么？

   • Current pain points identified,

   • Identify what the prospect wants to achieve,

   • Identify the decision-maker.

1. 命题–讨论确定客户的喜好，一些解决方案，提出具体的解决方案来回答客户的需求。

   预期的结果是什么？

   • 演示和/或给点建议，

   • 决策者证实他有兴趣购买，

   • 初步定价确认/约定。

1. 谈判–向顾客提交最后的建议，开始协商过程。

   预期的结果是什么？

   • 谈判结束，

   • 合同条款约定的条件，

   • 合同提交签名。

1. Won/Lost – Register the final step of the opportunity.

   预期的结果是什么？

   • Contract signed / not signed,

   • 下一步。

You can apply your own stages throughout the qualification process by means of the Stage field that is found up to the right of the opportunity definition. To move an opportunity automatically to the next step, you can use the button that looks like a green, right arrow.

商机阶段示例

OpenERP also has other sales configuration options; you can define your Campaigns, allowing you to keep track of the event your leads and opportunities refer to. Examples of campaigns are Google Adwords, an event you are hosting, a newsletter. With Categories you identify your prospect’s needs (e.g. Needs Training, Needs OpenERP Online), while Channels help you to keep visibility on how the lead or opportunity entered the system (email, website, referred by an existing customer).

计划你下个动作

When a lead has been converted into an opportunity, the latter can be assigned to any salesperson. You might designate an opportunity manager in the company who is responsible for assigning the new opportunities to different salespeople according to the job they do, their location or availability.

Of course, OpenERP allows you to automate such steps in your sales cycle. With Automated Rules you can tell the system for instance to automatically assign opportunities to a sales person or to change the status of an opportunity according to specific criteria.

注解

Automated Actions

To access the CRM rules, use the Sales ‣ Configuration ‣ Automated Actions ‣ Automated Actions menu.

Let’s give an example of what you can use Automated Actions for. Suppose you want to have OpenERP assign opportunities for customers in the IT Sector category directly to Thomas, your IT salesman. Thomas should be assigned automatically when a lead is converted to an opportunity by clicking the Convert to Opportunity button in the Leads screen. This can be set through the Object field in the Automated Actions form; just select Convert/Merge Opportunity.

下面的图给你展示了如何使用OpenERP来自动完成这些。

Step 1

Conditions Tab of Automated Actions

Step 2

Actions Tab of Automated Actions

When you answer to an opportunity from the Communication & History tab, you can directly have the status of the opportunity changed. You can also add a Global CC, even with multiple email addresses separated by ‘;’. This ensures that when any email regarding this opportunity is sent, all the persons defined in Global CC will be notified.

Planning your next actions also refers to filling fields or performing actions manually, without interference of automated rules. It is important that you fill all the opportunity fields accurately. To ensure good follow-up and prioritise your opportunities, make sure to register the Next Action Date and the Next Action in the Opportunity. In the Opportunities screen, you can group your search results by these fields, so that you know exactly how to plan your work.

You can use the filters to group by Priority and then click the Next Action Date column to sort by next action date to easily follow up your opportunities and know exactly what you have to do.

有效计划你的会议和电话呼叫

Planning your meetings & calls does not only allow you to structure your work, but also to improve your sales skills by learning from your call & meeting history. For both Meetings & Calls, you can enter a complete report of what you discuss!

As explained in chapter crm-flow, you can schedule a meeting directly from an opportunity. When you create a meeting from an opportunity, related fields will be prefilled from the opportunity. For the ease of reading, Thomas will schedule a new meeting from an opportunity here and set Luc, the Sales Manager, as the person responsible for the meeting. He wants to send Luc a reminder 1 day before the meeting starts.

注解

Schedule a Meeting from an Opportunity

To plan the meeting, Thomas clicks the Schedule Meeting button in the Opportunity and clicks the Week button in the Calendar view. He uses the drag and drop function to schedule the meeting for Luc. He plans the meeting next Wednesday from 2 pm to 3 pm. He sets Luc as the person responsible and sets a reminder to be send 1 day before the start of the meeting. He also changes the Next Action Date in the opportunity to the meeting date.

You can also schedule a meeting directly from a Customer form. Go to the customer for whom you want to schedule a meeting and open the form view. In the list of actions at the right side of the screen, click Schedule a Meeting. If you stay in the Month view of the Calendar, you just have to click the day you want the meeting to be planned, let’s say Thursday in two weeks. A meeting form will be displayed, with the name of the customer and the date prefilled.

Another way to enter a meeting request, is to directly use the meeting calendar from the menu Sales ‣ Meetings ‣ Meetings. You can use the monthly, weekly or daily views to plan a meeting by selecting the corresponding buttons. You can also click a day in the Navigator window to schedule a meeting.

In the Meeting window, enter the meeting data such as meeting summary, type, duration. In the weekly and daily views, you can also press the left mouse button in the calendar and slide the mouse along to create an event of several hours. OpenERP then opens an entry screen for a new meeting. You can add reminders (or Alarms) to your meetings and send invitations, either to persons from your own company, partner contacts or external people (just specify the email address directly in the invitation). You can send invitations before or after confirmation of a meeting. Either from the meeting itself or from the separate Event Invitations view in the menu Sales ‣ Configuration ‣ Calendar ‣ Event Invitations, you can track and change the attendee status. If you cannot attend a meeting, you can delegate it to one of your colleagues.

小技巧

Alarms or Meeting Reminders

Add your own alarms through Sales ‣ Configuration ‣ Calendar ‣ Alarms. You might want to be warned one week in advance of the meeting, so all you have to do is create your own alarm. The screenshot below will show you how to do this.

定义自己的提醒

Entering a New Meeting

You may notice different colours and styles in the calendar. That is because OpenERP distinguishes between recurring events, multiple days events and events that only happen once. Multi-day events have a coloured background, whereas single events have a coloured font. Each event has a colour that represents the user who created the meeting. You can filter the different users by selecting them from the list at the right of the screen.

Monthly Meeting Calendar

Weekly Meeting Calendar

You can change the Calendar view for meetings and return to the list, form or gantt view by using the buttons at the top right. OpenERP’s usual search tools and filters enable you to filter the events displayed in the calendar or, for example, to display the calendar for only some employees at a time.

小技巧

Related Partner

When you hover your mouse cursor over a meeting in Calendar view, the related partner and the sales team will be displayed.

Of course, you can access this OpenERP calendar from your smartphone. For more information about this feature, please refer to chapter 用移动设备同步你的CRM.

OpenERP also allows you to manage incoming (inbound) and outgoing (outbound) calls. Even from the Phone Calls list view, you can directly edit a call (change the status, convert it to an opportunity or schedule a meeting). For every call, you can enter notes about the outcome. While on the phone with your prospect or customer, you can directly schedule a meeting, schedule another call or convert your call to an opportunity. There is no need for you to scroll to several menus to do what you have to: plan an action as a result of your call.

Call management may be used for other needs than planning, such as:

• Entering customer calls so that you keep a record of the communication attached to a partner or a sales opportunity,

• Calling out to large lists of prospects,

• Scheduling recurring calls or next actions.

注解

Schedule a Phone Call directly

Go to Sales ‣ Phone Calls ‣ Inbound to register incoming calls or Outbound to register outgoing calls.

The phone call will then be visible in the History tab of the Partner form to give you complete visibility of the events for a customer or supplier.

Of course, OpenERP also allows you to schedule a phone call directly from an Opportunity form through the related Schedule/Log Call button.

注解

Phone Calls in Meeting Calendar

To have one calendar with both your meetings and your phone calls, you may choose to enter phone calls as a meeting, with a specific meeting type, Phone Call.

定期截止

To keep track of the coming sales pipeline, you should enter the expected closing date for each opportunity. By doing this, from the Opportunities screen you can easily filter your pipeline by Expected Closing (button in Group by). This is a clear way to forecast the expected revenues. You can also use this filter to check whether the expected closing date has been set.

Simply by adding an expected closing date, the sales team can manage the sales process more efficiently and effectively.

Closing Dates