OKD Virtualization cluster checkup framework

OKD Virtualization includes the following predefined checkups that can be used for cluster maintenance and troubleshooting:

Latency checkup

Verifies network connectivity and measures latency between two virtual machines (VMs) that are attached to a secondary network interface.

DPDK checkup

Verifies that a node can run a VM with a Data Plane Development Kit (DPDK) workload with zero packet loss.

About the OKD Virtualization cluster checkup framework

A checkup is an automated test workload that allows you to verify if a specific cluster functionality works as expected. The cluster checkup framework uses native Kubernetes resources to configure and execute the checkup.

By using predefined checkups, cluster administrators and developers can improve cluster maintainability, troubleshoot unexpected behavior, minimize errors, and save time. They can also review the results of the checkup and share them with experts for further analysis. Vendors can write and publish checkups for features or services that they provide and verify that their customer environments are configured correctly.

Running a predefined checkup in an existing namespace involves setting up a service account for the checkup, creating the Role and RoleBinding objects for the service account, enabling permissions for the checkup, and creating the input config map and the checkup job. You can run a checkup multiple times.

Running a latency checkup

You use a predefined checkup to verify network connectivity and measure latency between two virtual machines (VMs) that are attached to a secondary network interface. The latency checkup uses the ping utility.

You run a latency checkup by performing the following steps:

1. Create a service account, roles, and rolebindings to provide cluster access permissions to the latency checkup.

2. Create a config map to provide the input to run the checkup and to store the results.

3. Create a job to run the checkup.

4. Review the results in the config map.

5. Optional: To rerun the checkup, delete the existing config map and job and then create a new config map and job.

6. When you are finished, delete the latency checkup resources.

Prerequisites

• You installed the OpenShift CLI (oc).

• The cluster has at least two worker nodes.

• You configured a network attachment definition for a namespace.

Procedure

1. Create a ServiceAccount, Role, and RoleBinding manifest for the latency checkup:

   Example role manifest file

   ---
   apiVersion: v1
   kind: ServiceAccount
   metadata:
     name: vm-latency-checkup-sa
   ---
   apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
   kind: Role
   metadata:
     name: kubevirt-vm-latency-checker
   rules:
   - apiGroups: ["kubevirt.io"]
     resources: ["virtualmachineinstances"]
     verbs: ["get", "create", "delete"]
   - apiGroups: ["subresources.kubevirt.io"]
     resources: ["virtualmachineinstances/console"]
     verbs: ["get"]
   - apiGroups: ["k8s.cni.cncf.io"]
     resources: ["network-attachment-definitions"]
     verbs: ["get"]
   ---
   apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
   kind: RoleBinding
   metadata:
     name: kubevirt-vm-latency-checker
   subjects:
   - kind: ServiceAccount
     name: vm-latency-checkup-sa
   roleRef:
     kind: Role
     name: kubevirt-vm-latency-checker
     apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
   ---
   apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
   kind: Role
   metadata:
     name: kiagnose-configmap-access
   rules:
   - apiGroups: [ "" ]
     resources: [ "configmaps" ]
     verbs: ["get", "update"]
   ---
   apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
   kind: RoleBinding
   metadata:
     name: kiagnose-configmap-access
   subjects:
   - kind: ServiceAccount
     name: vm-latency-checkup-sa
   roleRef:
     kind: Role
     name: kiagnose-configmap-access
     apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

2. Apply the ServiceAccount, Role, and RoleBinding manifest:

   $ oc apply -n <target_namespace> -f <latency_sa_roles_rolebinding>.yaml (1)

   1	<target_namespace> is the namespace where the checkup is to be run. This must be an existing namespace where the NetworkAttachmentDefinition object resides.

3. Create a ConfigMap manifest that contains the input parameters for the checkup:

   Example input config map

   apiVersion: v1
   kind: ConfigMap
   metadata:
     name: kubevirt-vm-latency-checkup-config
     labels:
       kiagnose/checkup-type: kubevirt-vm-latency
   data:
     spec.timeout: 5m
     spec.param.networkAttachmentDefinitionNamespace: <target_namespace>
     spec.param.networkAttachmentDefinitionName: "blue-network" (1)
     spec.param.maxDesiredLatencyMilliseconds: "10" (2)
     spec.param.sampleDurationSeconds: "5" (3)
     spec.param.sourceNode: "worker1" (4)
     spec.param.targetNode: "worker2" (5)

   1	The name of the NetworkAttachmentDefinition object.
   2	Optional: The maximum desired latency, in milliseconds, between the virtual machines. If the measured latency exceeds this value, the checkup fails.
   3	Optional: The duration of the latency check, in seconds.
   4	Optional: When specified, latency is measured from this node to the target node. If the source node is specified, the spec.param.targetNode field cannot be empty.
   5	Optional: When specified, latency is measured from the source node to this node.

4. Apply the config map manifest in the target namespace:

   $ oc apply -n <target_namespace> -f <latency_config_map>.yaml

5. Create a Job manifest to run the checkup:

   Example job manifest

   apiVersion: batch/v1
   kind: Job
   metadata:
     name: kubevirt-vm-latency-checkup
     labels:
       kiagnose/checkup-type: kubevirt-vm-latency
   spec:
     backoffLimit: 0
     template:
       spec:
         serviceAccountName: vm-latency-checkup-sa
         restartPolicy: Never
         containers:
           - name: vm-latency-checkup
             image: registry.redhat.io/container-native-virtualization/vm-network-latency-checkup-rhel9:v4.0
             securityContext:
               allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
               capabilities:
                 drop: ["ALL"]
               runAsNonRoot: true
               seccompProfile:
                 type: "RuntimeDefault"
             env:
               - name: CONFIGMAP_NAMESPACE
                 value: <target_namespace>
               - name: CONFIGMAP_NAME
                 value: kubevirt-vm-latency-checkup-config
               - name: POD_UID
                 valueFrom:
                   fieldRef:
                     fieldPath: metadata.uid

6. Apply the Job manifest:

   $ oc apply -n <target_namespace> -f <latency_job>.yaml

7. Wait for the job to complete:

   $ oc wait job kubevirt-vm-latency-checkup -n <target_namespace> --for condition=complete --timeout 6m

8. Review the results of the latency checkup by running the following command. If the maximum measured latency is greater than the value of the spec.param.maxDesiredLatencyMilliseconds attribute, the checkup fails and returns an error.

   $ oc get configmap kubevirt-vm-latency-checkup-config -n <target_namespace> -o yaml

   Example output config map (success)

   apiVersion: v1
   kind: ConfigMap
   metadata:
     name: kubevirt-vm-latency-checkup-config
     namespace: <target_namespace>
     labels:
       kiagnose/checkup-type: kubevirt-vm-latency
   data:
     spec.timeout: 5m
     spec.param.networkAttachmentDefinitionNamespace: <target_namespace>
     spec.param.networkAttachmentDefinitionName: "blue-network"
     spec.param.maxDesiredLatencyMilliseconds: "10"
     spec.param.sampleDurationSeconds: "5"
     spec.param.sourceNode: "worker1"
     spec.param.targetNode: "worker2"
     status.succeeded: "true"
     status.failureReason: ""
     status.completionTimestamp: "2022-01-01T09:00:00Z"
     status.startTimestamp: "2022-01-01T09:00:07Z"
     status.result.avgLatencyNanoSec: "177000"
     status.result.maxLatencyNanoSec: "244000" (1)
     status.result.measurementDurationSec: "5"
     status.result.minLatencyNanoSec: "135000"
     status.result.sourceNode: "worker1"
     status.result.targetNode: "worker2"

   1	The maximum measured latency in nanoseconds.

9. Optional: To view the detailed job log in case of checkup failure, use the following command:

   $ oc logs job.batch/kubevirt-vm-latency-checkup -n <target_namespace>

10. Delete the job and config map that you previously created by running the following commands:

    $ oc delete job -n <target_namespace> kubevirt-vm-latency-checkup

    $ oc delete config-map -n <target_namespace> kubevirt-vm-latency-checkup-config

11. Optional: If you do not plan to run another checkup, delete the roles manifest:

    $ oc delete -f <latency_sa_roles_rolebinding>.yaml

DPDK checkup

Use a predefined checkup to verify that your OKD cluster node can run a virtual machine (VM) with a Data Plane Development Kit (DPDK) workload with zero packet loss. The DPDK checkup runs traffic between a traffic generator and a VM running a test DPDK application.

You run a DPDK checkup by performing the following steps:

1. Create a service account, role, and role bindings for the DPDK checkup.

2. Create a config map to provide the input to run the checkup and to store the results.

3. Create a job to run the checkup.

4. Review the results in the config map.

5. Optional: To rerun the checkup, delete the existing config map and job and then create a new config map and job.

6. When you are finished, delete the DPDK checkup resources.

Prerequisites

• You have installed the OpenShift CLI (oc).

• The cluster is configured to run DPDK applications.

• The project is configured to run DPDK applications.

Procedure

1. Create a ServiceAccount, Role, and RoleBinding manifest for the DPDK checkup:

   Example service account, role, and rolebinding manifest file

   ---
   apiVersion: v1
   kind: ServiceAccount
   metadata:
     name: dpdk-checkup-sa
   ---
   apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
   kind: Role
   metadata:
     name: kiagnose-configmap-access
   rules:
     - apiGroups: [ "" ]
       resources: [ "configmaps" ]
       verbs: [ "get", "update" ]
   ---
   apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
   kind: RoleBinding
   metadata:
     name: kiagnose-configmap-access
   subjects:
     - kind: ServiceAccount
       name: dpdk-checkup-sa
   roleRef:
     apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
     kind: Role
     name: kiagnose-configmap-access
   ---
   apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
   kind: Role
   metadata:
     name: kubevirt-dpdk-checker
   rules:
     - apiGroups: [ "kubevirt.io" ]
       resources: [ "virtualmachineinstances" ]
       verbs: [ "create", "get", "delete" ]
     - apiGroups: [ "subresources.kubevirt.io" ]
       resources: [ "virtualmachineinstances/console" ]
       verbs: [ "get" ]
     - apiGroups: [ "" ]
       resources: [ "configmaps" ]
       verbs: [ "create", "delete" ]
   ---
   apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
   kind: RoleBinding
   metadata:
     name: kubevirt-dpdk-checker
   subjects:
     - kind: ServiceAccount
       name: dpdk-checkup-sa
   roleRef:
     apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
     kind: Role
     name: kubevirt-dpdk-checker

2. Apply the ServiceAccount, Role, and RoleBinding manifest:

   $ oc apply -n <target_namespace> -f <dpdk_sa_roles_rolebinding>.yaml

3. Create a ConfigMap manifest that contains the input parameters for the checkup:

   Example input config map

   apiVersion: v1
   kind: ConfigMap
   metadata:
     name: dpdk-checkup-config
     labels:
       kiagnose/checkup-type: kubevirt-dpdk
   data:
     spec.timeout: 10m
     spec.param.networkAttachmentDefinitionName: <network_name> (1)
     spec.param.trafficGenContainerDiskImage: "quay.io/kiagnose/kubevirt-dpdk-checkup-traffic-gen:v0.3.1 (2)
     spec.param.vmUnderTestContainerDiskImage: "quay.io/kiagnose/kubevirt-dpdk-checkup-vm:v0.3.1" (3)

   1	The name of the NetworkAttachmentDefinition object.
   2	The container disk image for the traffic generator. In this example, the image is pulled from the upstream Project Quay Container Registry.
   3	The container disk image for the VM under test. In this example, the image is pulled from the upstream Project Quay Container Registry.

4. Apply the ConfigMap manifest in the target namespace:

   $ oc apply -n <target_namespace> -f <dpdk_config_map>.yaml

5. Create a Job manifest to run the checkup:

   Example job manifest

   apiVersion: batch/v1
   kind: Job
   metadata:
     name: dpdk-checkup
     labels:
       kiagnose/checkup-type: kubevirt-dpdk
   spec:
     backoffLimit: 0
     template:
       spec:
         serviceAccountName: dpdk-checkup-sa
         restartPolicy: Never
         containers:
           - name: dpdk-checkup
             image: registry.redhat.io/container-native-virtualization/kubevirt-dpdk-checkup-rhel9:v4.0
             imagePullPolicy: Always
             securityContext:
               allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
               capabilities:
                 drop: ["ALL"]
               runAsNonRoot: true
               seccompProfile:
                 type: "RuntimeDefault"
             env:
               - name: CONFIGMAP_NAMESPACE
                 value: <target-namespace>
               - name: CONFIGMAP_NAME
                 value: dpdk-checkup-config
               - name: POD_UID
                 valueFrom:
                   fieldRef:
                     fieldPath: metadata.uid

6. Apply the Job manifest:

   $ oc apply -n <target_namespace> -f <dpdk_job>.yaml

7. Wait for the job to complete:

   $ oc wait job dpdk-checkup -n <target_namespace> --for condition=complete --timeout 10m

8. Review the results of the checkup by running the following command:

   $ oc get configmap dpdk-checkup-config -n <target_namespace> -o yaml

   Example output config map (success)

   apiVersion: v1
   kind: ConfigMap
   metadata:
     name: dpdk-checkup-config
     labels:
       kiagnose/checkup-type: kubevirt-dpdk
   data:
     spec.timeout: 10m
     spec.param.NetworkAttachmentDefinitionName: "dpdk-network-1"
     spec.param.trafficGenContainerDiskImage: "quay.io/kiagnose/kubevirt-dpdk-checkup-traffic-gen:v0.2.0"
     spec.param.vmUnderTestContainerDiskImage: "quay.io/kiagnose/kubevirt-dpdk-checkup-vm:v0.2.0"
     status.succeeded: "true" (1)
     status.failureReason: "" (2)
     status.startTimestamp: "2023-07-31T13:14:38Z" (3)
     status.completionTimestamp: "2023-07-31T13:19:41Z" (4)
     status.result.trafficGenSentPackets: "480000000" (5)
     status.result.trafficGenOutputErrorPackets: "0" (6)
     status.result.trafficGenInputErrorPackets: "0" (7)
     status.result.trafficGenActualNodeName: worker-dpdk1 (8)
     status.result.vmUnderTestActualNodeName: worker-dpdk2 (9)
     status.result.vmUnderTestReceivedPackets: "480000000" (10)
     status.result.vmUnderTestRxDroppedPackets: "0" (11)
     status.result.vmUnderTestTxDroppedPackets: "0" (12)

   1	Specifies if the checkup is successful (true) or not (false).
   2	The reason for failure if the checkup fails.
   3	The time when the checkup started, in RFC 3339 time format.
   4	The time when the checkup has completed, in RFC 3339 time format.
   5	The number of packets sent from the traffic generator.
   6	The number of error packets sent from the traffic generator.
   7	The number of error packets received by the traffic generator.
   8	The node on which the traffic generator VM was scheduled.
   9	The node on which the VM under test was scheduled.
   10	The number of packets received on the VM under test.
   11	The ingress traffic packets that were dropped by the DPDK application.
   12	The egress traffic packets that were dropped from the DPDK application.

9. Delete the job and config map that you previously created by running the following commands:

   $ oc delete job -n <target_namespace> dpdk-checkup

   $ oc delete config-map -n <target_namespace> dpdk-checkup-config

10. Optional: If you do not plan to run another checkup, delete the ServiceAccount, Role, and RoleBinding manifest:

    $ oc delete -f <dpdk_sa_roles_rolebinding>.yaml

DPDK checkup config map parameters

The following table shows the mandatory and optional parameters that you can set in the data stanza of the input ConfigMap manifest when you run a cluster DPDK readiness checkup:

Building a container disk image for Fedora virtual machines

You can build a custom Fedora 8 OS image in qcow2 format and use it to create a container disk image. You can store the container disk image in a registry that is accessible from your cluster and specify the image location in the spec.param.vmContainerDiskImage attribute of the DPDK checkup config map.

To build a container disk image, you must create an image builder virtual machine (VM). The image builder VM is a Fedora 8 VM that can be used to build custom Fedora images.

Prerequisites

• The image builder VM must run Fedora 8.7 and must have a minimum of 2 CPU cores, 4 GiB RAM, and 20 GB of free space in the /var directory.

• You have installed the image builder tool and its CLI (composer-cli) on the VM.

• You have installed the virt-customize tool:

  # dnf install libguestfs-tools

• You have installed the Podman CLI tool (podman).

Procedure

1. Verify that you can build a Fedora 8.7 image:

   # composer-cli distros list

   To run the composer-cli commands as non-root, add your user to the weldr or root groups: # usermod -a -G weldr user $ newgrp weldr

2. Enter the following command to create an image blueprint file in TOML format that contains the packages to be installed, kernel customizations, and the services to be disabled during boot time:

   $ cat << EOF > dpdk-vm.toml
   name = "dpdk_image"
   description = "Image to use with the DPDK checkup"
   version = "0.0.1"
   distro = "rhel-87"
   [[packages]]
   name = "dpdk"
   [[packages]]
   name = "dpdk-tools"
   [[packages]]
   name = "driverctl"
   [[packages]]
   name = "tuned-profiles-cpu-partitioning"
   [customizations.kernel]
   append = "default_hugepagesz=1GB hugepagesz=1G hugepages=8 isolcpus=2-7"
   [customizations.services]
   disabled = ["NetworkManager-wait-online", "sshd"]
   EOF

3. Push the blueprint file to the image builder tool by running the following command:

   # composer-cli blueprints push dpdk-vm.toml

4. Generate the system image by specifying the blueprint name and output file format. The Universally Unique Identifier (UUID) of the image is displayed when you start the compose process.

   # composer-cli compose start dpdk_image qcow2

5. Wait for the compose process to complete. The compose status must show FINISHED before you can continue to the next step.

   # composer-cli compose status

6. Enter the following command to download the qcow2 image file by specifying its UUID:

   # composer-cli compose image <UUID>

7. Create the customization scripts by running the following commands:

   $ cat <<EOF >customize-vm
   echo  isolated_cores=2-7 > /etc/tuned/cpu-partitioning-variables.conf
   tuned-adm profile cpu-partitioning
   echo "options vfio enable_unsafe_noiommu_mode=1" > /etc/modprobe.d/vfio-noiommu.conf
   EOF

   $ cat <<EOF >first-boot
   driverctl set-override 0000:06:00.0 vfio-pci
   driverctl set-override 0000:07:00.0 vfio-pci
   mkdir /mnt/huge
   mount /mnt/huge --source nodev -t hugetlbfs -o pagesize=1GB
   EOF

8. Use the virt-customize tool to customize the image generated by the image builder tool:

   $ virt-customize -a <UUID>.qcow2 --run=customize-vm --firstboot=first-boot --selinux-relabel

9. To create a Dockerfile that contains all the commands to build the container disk image, enter the following command:

   $ cat << EOF > Dockerfile
   FROM scratch
   COPY <uuid>-disk.qcow2 /disk/
   EOF

   where:

   <uuid>-disk.qcow2

   Specifies the name of the custom image in qcow2 format.

10. Build and tag the container by running the following command:

    $ podman build . -t dpdk-rhel:latest

11. Push the container disk image to a registry that is accessible from your cluster by running the following command:

    $ podman push dpdk-rhel:latest

12. Provide a link to the container disk image in the spec.param.vmContainerDiskImage attribute in the DPDK checkup config map.

Additional resources

• Attaching a virtual machine to multiple networks

• Using a virtual function in DPDK mode with an Intel NIC

• Using SR-IOV and the Node Tuning Operator to achieve a DPDK line rate

• Installing image builder

• How to register and subscribe a RHEL system to the Red Hat Customer Portal using Red Hat Subscription Manager