Installing a cluster on user-provisioned infrastructure in AWS by using CloudFormation templates

Installing a cluster on user-provisioned infrastructure in AWS by using CloudFormation templates

In OKD version 4.13, you can install a cluster on Amazon Web Services (AWS) that uses infrastructure that you provide.

One way to create this infrastructure is to use the provided CloudFormation templates. You can modify the templates to customize your infrastructure or use the information that they contain to create AWS objects according to your company’s policies.

The steps for performing a user-provisioned infrastructure installation are provided as an example only. Installing a cluster with infrastructure you provide requires knowledge of the cloud provider and the installation process of OKD. Several CloudFormation templates are provided to assist in completing these steps or to help model your own. You are also free to create the required resources through other methods; the templates are just an example.

Prerequisites

You reviewed details about the OKD installation and update processes.
You read the documentation on selecting a cluster installation method and preparing it for users.

You configured an AWS account to host the cluster.

If you have an AWS profile stored on your computer, it must not use a temporary session token that you generated while using a multi-factor authentication device. The cluster continues to use your current AWS credentials to create AWS resources for the entire life of the cluster, so you must use key-based, long-lived credentials. To generate appropriate keys, see Managing Access Keys for IAM Users in the AWS documentation. You can supply the keys when you run the installation program.

You downloaded the AWS CLI and installed it on your computer. See Install the AWS CLI Using the Bundled Installer (Linux, macOS, or UNIX) in the AWS documentation.
If you use a firewall, you configured it to allow the sites that your cluster requires access to.

Be sure to also review this site list if you are configuring a proxy.
If the cloud identity and access management (IAM) APIs are not accessible in your environment, or if you do not want to store an administrator-level credential secret in the kube-system namespace, you can manually create and maintain IAM credentials.

Requirements for a cluster with user-provisioned infrastructure

For a cluster that contains user-provisioned infrastructure, you must deploy all of the required machines.

This section describes the requirements for deploying OKD on user-provisioned infrastructure.

Required machines for cluster installation

The smallest OKD clusters require the following hosts:

Table 1. Minimum required hosts
Hosts	Description
One temporary bootstrap machine	The cluster requires the bootstrap machine to deploy the OKD cluster on the three control plane machines. You can remove the bootstrap machine after you install the cluster.
Three control plane machines	The control plane machines run the Kubernetes and OKD services that form the control plane.
At least two compute machines, which are also known as worker machines.	The workloads requested by OKD users run on the compute machines.

To maintain high availability of your cluster, use separate physical hosts for these cluster machines.

The bootstrap and control plane machines must use Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) as the operating system. However, the compute machines can choose between Fedora CoreOS (FCOS), Fedora 8.6, Fedora 8.7, or Fedora 8.8.

See Red Hat Enterprise Linux technology capabilities and limits.

Minimum resource requirements for cluster installation

Each cluster machine must meet the following minimum requirements:

Table 2. Minimum resource requirements
Machine	Operating System	vCPU ^[1]	Virtual RAM	Storage	IOPS ^[2]
Bootstrap	FCOS	4	16 GB	100 GB	300
Control plane	FCOS	4	16 GB	100 GB	300
Compute	FCOS	2	8 GB	100 GB	300

One vCPU is equivalent to one physical core when simultaneous multithreading (SMT), or hyperthreading, is not enabled. When enabled, use the following formula to calculate the corresponding ratio: (threads per core × cores) × sockets = vCPUs.
OKD and Kubernetes are sensitive to disk performance, and faster storage is recommended, particularly for etcd on the control plane nodes which require a 10 ms p99 fsync duration. Note that on many cloud platforms, storage size and IOPS scale together, so you might need to over-allocate storage volume to obtain sufficient performance.
As with all user-provisioned installations, if you choose to use Fedora compute machines in your cluster, you take responsibility for all operating system life cycle management and maintenance, including performing system updates, applying patches, and completing all other required tasks. Use of Fedora 7 compute machines is deprecated and has been removed in OKD 4.10 and later.

If an instance type for your platform meets the minimum requirements for cluster machines, it is supported to use in OKD.

Tested instance types for AWS

The following Amazon Web Services (AWS) instance types have been tested with OKD.

Use the machine types included in the following charts for your AWS instances. If you use an instance type that is not listed in the chart, ensure that the instance size you use matches the minimum resource requirements that are listed in “Minimum resource requirements for cluster installation”.

Machine types based on x86_64 architecture

c4.*
c5.*
c5a.*
i3.*
m4.*
m5.*
m5a.*
m6i.*
r4.*
r5.*
r5a.*
r6i.*
t3.*
t3a.*

Tested instance types for AWS ARM

The following Amazon Web Services (AWS) ARM instance types have been tested with OKD.

Use the machine types included in the following charts for your AWS ARM instances. If you use an instance type that is not listed in the chart, ensure that the instance size you use matches the minimum resource requirements that are listed in “Minimum resource requirements for cluster installation”.

Machine types based on arm64 architecture

c6g.*
m6g.*

Certificate signing requests management

Because your cluster has limited access to automatic machine management when you use infrastructure that you provision, you must provide a mechanism for approving cluster certificate signing requests (CSRs) after installation. The kube-controller-manager only approves the kubelet client CSRs. The machine-approver cannot guarantee the validity of a serving certificate that is requested by using kubelet credentials because it cannot confirm that the correct machine issued the request. You must determine and implement a method of verifying the validity of the kubelet serving certificate requests and approving them.

Supported AWS machine types

The following Amazon Web Services (AWS) instance types are supported with OKD.

Machine types based on x86_64 architecture

Instance type	Bootstrap	Control plane	Compute
`i3.large`	x
`m4.large`			x
`m4.xlarge`		x	x
`m4.2xlarge`		x	x
`m4.4xlarge`		x	x
`m4.10xlarge`		x	x
`m4.16xlarge`		x	x
`m5.large`			x
`m5.xlarge`		x	x
`m5.2xlarge`		x	x
`m5.4xlarge`		x	x
`m5.8xlarge`		x	x
`m5.12xlarge`		x	x
`m5.16xlarge`		x	x
`m5a.large`			x
`m5a.xlarge`		x	x
`m5a.2xlarge`		x	x
`m5a.4xlarge`		x	x
`m5a.8xlarge`		x	x
`m5a.12xlarge`		x	x
`m5a.16xlarge`		x	x
`m6i.large`			x
`m6i.xlarge`		x	x
`m6i.2xlarge`		x	x
`m6i.4xlarge`		x	x
`m6i.8xlarge`		x	x
`m6i.12xlarge`		x	x
`m6i.16xlarge`		x	x
`c4.2xlarge`		x	x
`c4.4xlarge`		x	x
`c4.8xlarge`		x	x
`c5.xlarge`			x
`c5.2xlarge`		x	x
`c5.4xlarge`		x	x
`c5.9xlarge`		x	x
`c5.12xlarge`		x	x
`c5.18xlarge`		x	x
`c5.24xlarge`		x	x
`c5a.xlarge`			x
`c5a.2xlarge`		x	x
`c5a.4xlarge`		x	x
`c5a.8xlarge`		x	x
`c5a.12xlarge`		x	x
`c5a.16xlarge`		x	x
`c5a.24xlarge`		x	x
`r4.large`			x
`r4.xlarge`		x	x
`r4.2xlarge`		x	x
`r4.4xlarge`		x	x
`r4.8xlarge`		x	x
`r4.16xlarge`		x	x
`r5.large`			x
`r5.xlarge`		x	x
`r5.2xlarge`		x	x
`r5.4xlarge`		x	x
`r5.8xlarge`		x	x
`r5.12xlarge`		x	x
`r5.16xlarge`		x	x
`r5.24xlarge`		x	x
`r5a.large`			x
`r5a.xlarge`		x	x
`r5a.2xlarge`		x	x
`r5a.4xlarge`		x	x
`r5a.8xlarge`		x	x
`r5a.12xlarge`		x	x
`r5a.16xlarge`		x	x
`r5a.24xlarge`		x	x
`t3.large`			x
`t3.xlarge`			x
`t3.2xlarge`			x
`t3a.large`			x
`t3a.xlarge`			x
`t3a.2xlarge`			x

Required AWS infrastructure components

To install OKD on user-provisioned infrastructure in Amazon Web Services (AWS), you must manually create both the machines and their supporting infrastructure.

For more information about the integration testing for different platforms, see the OpenShift Container Platform 4.x Tested Integrations page.

By using the provided CloudFormation templates, you can create stacks of AWS resources that represent the following components:

An AWS Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)
Networking and load balancing components
Security groups and roles
An OKD bootstrap node
OKD control plane nodes
An OKD compute node

Alternatively, you can manually create the components or you can reuse existing infrastructure that meets the cluster requirements. Review the CloudFormation templates for more details about how the components interrelate.

Other infrastructure components

A VPC
DNS entries
Load balancers (classic or network) and listeners
A public and a private Route 53 zone
Security groups
IAM roles
S3 buckets

If you are working in a disconnected environment, you are unable to reach the public IP addresses for EC2, ELB, and S3 endpoints. Depending on the level to which you want to restrict internet traffic during the installation, the following configuration options are available:

Option 1: Create VPC endpoints

Create a VPC endpoint and attach it to the subnets that the clusters are using. Name the endpoints as follows:

ec2.<aws_region>.amazonaws.com
elasticloadbalancing.<aws_region>.amazonaws.com
s3.<aws_region>.amazonaws.com

With this option, network traffic remains private between your VPC and the required AWS services.

Option 2: Create a proxy without VPC endpoints

As part of the installation process, you can configure an HTTP or HTTPS proxy. With this option, internet traffic goes through the proxy to reach the required AWS services.

Option 3: Create a proxy with VPC endpoints

As part of the installation process, you can configure an HTTP or HTTPS proxy with VPC endpoints. Create a VPC endpoint and attach it to the subnets that the clusters are using. Name the endpoints as follows:

ec2.<aws_region>.amazonaws.com
elasticloadbalancing.<aws_region>.amazonaws.com
s3.<aws_region>.amazonaws.com

When configuring the proxy in the install-config.yaml file, add these endpoints to the noProxy field. With this option, the proxy prevents the cluster from accessing the internet directly. However, network traffic remains private between your VPC and the required AWS services.

Required VPC components

You must provide a suitable VPC and subnets that allow communication to your machines.

Component	AWS type	Description
VPC	`AWS::EC2::VPC` `AWS::EC2::VPCEndpoint`	You must provide a public VPC for the cluster to use. The VPC uses an endpoint that references the route tables for each subnet to improve communication with the registry that is hosted in S3.
Public subnets	`AWS::EC2::Subnet` `AWS::EC2::SubnetNetworkAclAssociation`	Your VPC must have public subnets for between 1 and 3 availability zones and associate them with appropriate Ingress rules.
Internet gateway	`AWS::EC2::InternetGateway` `AWS::EC2::VPCGatewayAttachment` `AWS::EC2::RouteTable` `AWS::EC2::Route` `AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation` `AWS::EC2::NatGateway` `AWS::EC2::EIP`	You must have a public internet gateway, with public routes, attached to the VPC. In the provided templates, each public subnet has a NAT gateway with an EIP address. These NAT gateways allow cluster resources, like private subnet instances, to reach the internet and are not required for some restricted network or proxy scenarios.
Network access control	`AWS::EC2::NetworkAcl` `AWS::EC2::NetworkAclEntry`	You must allow the VPC to access the following ports:
		Port	Reason
		`80`	Inbound HTTP traffic
		`443`	Inbound HTTPS traffic
		`22`	Inbound SSH traffic
		`1024` - `65535`	Inbound ephemeral traffic
		`0` - `65535`	Outbound ephemeral traffic
Private subnets	`AWS::EC2::Subnet` `AWS::EC2::RouteTable` `AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation`	Your VPC can have private subnets. The provided CloudFormation templates can create private subnets for between 1 and 3 availability zones. If you use private subnets, you must provide appropriate routes and tables for them.

Required DNS and load balancing components

Your DNS and load balancer configuration needs to use a public hosted zone and can use a private hosted zone similar to the one that the installation program uses if it provisions the cluster’s infrastructure. You must create a DNS entry that resolves to your load balancer. An entry for api.<cluster_name>.<domain> must point to the external load balancer, and an entry for api-int.<cluster_name>.<domain> must point to the internal load balancer.

The cluster also requires load balancers and listeners for port 6443, which are required for the Kubernetes API and its extensions, and port 22623, which are required for the Ignition config files for new machines. The targets will be the control plane nodes. Port 6443 must be accessible to both clients external to the cluster and nodes within the cluster. Port 22623 must be accessible to nodes within the cluster.

Component	AWS type	Description
DNS	`AWS::Route53::HostedZone`	The hosted zone for your internal DNS.
Public load balancer	`AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::LoadBalancer`	The load balancer for your public subnets.
External API server record	`AWS::Route53::RecordSetGroup`	Alias records for the external API server.
External listener	`AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::Listener`	A listener on port 6443 for the external load balancer.
External target group	`AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::TargetGroup`	The target group for the external load balancer.
Private load balancer	`AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::LoadBalancer`	The load balancer for your private subnets.
Internal API server record	`AWS::Route53::RecordSetGroup`	Alias records for the internal API server.
Internal listener	`AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::Listener`	A listener on port 22623 for the internal load balancer.
Internal target group	`AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::TargetGroup`	The target group for the internal load balancer.
Internal listener	`AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::Listener`	A listener on port 6443 for the internal load balancer.
Internal target group	`AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::TargetGroup`	The target group for the internal load balancer.

Security groups

The control plane and worker machines require access to the following ports:

Group	Type	IP Protocol	Port range
`MasterSecurityGroup`	`AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup`	`icmp`	`0`
		`tcp`	`22`
		`tcp`	`6443`
		`tcp`	`22623`
`WorkerSecurityGroup`	`AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup`	`icmp`	`0`
`WorkerSecurityGroup`	`AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup`	`tcp`	`22`
`BootstrapSecurityGroup`	`AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup`	`tcp`	`22`
`BootstrapSecurityGroup`	`AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup`	`tcp`	`19531`

Control plane Ingress

The control plane machines require the following Ingress groups. Each Ingress group is a AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress resource.

Ingress group	Description	IP protocol	Port range
`MasterIngressEtcd`	etcd	`tcp`	`2379`- `2380`
`MasterIngressVxlan`	Vxlan packets	`udp`	`4789`
`MasterIngressWorkerVxlan`	Vxlan packets	`udp`	`4789`
`MasterIngressInternal`	Internal cluster communication and Kubernetes proxy metrics	`tcp`	`9000` - `9999`
`MasterIngressWorkerInternal`	Internal cluster communication	`tcp`	`9000` - `9999`
`MasterIngressKube`	Kubernetes kubelet, scheduler and controller manager	`tcp`	`10250` - `10259`
`MasterIngressWorkerKube`	Kubernetes kubelet, scheduler and controller manager	`tcp`	`10250` - `10259`
`MasterIngressIngressServices`	Kubernetes Ingress services	`tcp`	`30000` - `32767`
`MasterIngressWorkerIngressServices`	Kubernetes Ingress services	`tcp`	`30000` - `32767`
`MasterIngressGeneve`	Geneve packets	`udp`	`6081`
`MasterIngressWorkerGeneve`	Geneve packets	`udp`	`6081`
`MasterIngressIpsecIke`	IPsec IKE packets	`udp`	`500`
`MasterIngressWorkerIpsecIke`	IPsec IKE packets	`udp`	`500`
`MasterIngressIpsecNat`	IPsec NAT-T packets	`udp`	`4500`
`MasterIngressWorkerIpsecNat`	IPsec NAT-T packets	`udp`	`4500`
`MasterIngressIpsecEsp`	IPsec ESP packets	`50`	`All`
`MasterIngressWorkerIpsecEsp`	IPsec ESP packets	`50`	`All`
`MasterIngressInternalUDP`	Internal cluster communication	`udp`	`9000` - `9999`
`MasterIngressWorkerInternalUDP`	Internal cluster communication	`udp`	`9000` - `9999`
`MasterIngressIngressServicesUDP`	Kubernetes Ingress services	`udp`	`30000` - `32767`
`MasterIngressWorkerIngressServicesUDP`	Kubernetes Ingress services	`udp`	`30000` - `32767`

Worker Ingress

The worker machines require the following Ingress groups. Each Ingress group is a AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress resource.

Ingress group	Description	IP protocol	Port range
`WorkerIngressVxlan`	Vxlan packets	`udp`	`4789`
`WorkerIngressWorkerVxlan`	Vxlan packets	`udp`	`4789`
`WorkerIngressInternal`	Internal cluster communication	`tcp`	`9000` - `9999`
`WorkerIngressWorkerInternal`	Internal cluster communication	`tcp`	`9000` - `9999`
`WorkerIngressKube`	Kubernetes kubelet, scheduler, and controller manager	`tcp`	`10250`
`WorkerIngressWorkerKube`	Kubernetes kubelet, scheduler, and controller manager	`tcp`	`10250`
`WorkerIngressIngressServices`	Kubernetes Ingress services	`tcp`	`30000` - `32767`
`WorkerIngressWorkerIngressServices`	Kubernetes Ingress services	`tcp`	`30000` - `32767`
`WorkerIngressGeneve`	Geneve packets	`udp`	`6081`
`WorkerIngressMasterGeneve`	Geneve packets	`udp`	`6081`
`WorkerIngressIpsecIke`	IPsec IKE packets	`udp`	`500`
`WorkerIngressMasterIpsecIke`	IPsec IKE packets	`udp`	`500`
`WorkerIngressIpsecNat`	IPsec NAT-T packets	`udp`	`4500`
`WorkerIngressMasterIpsecNat`	IPsec NAT-T packets	`udp`	`4500`
`WorkerIngressIpsecEsp`	IPsec ESP packets	`50`	`All`
`WorkerIngressMasterIpsecEsp`	IPsec ESP packets	`50`	`All`
`WorkerIngressInternalUDP`	Internal cluster communication	`udp`	`9000` - `9999`
`WorkerIngressMasterInternalUDP`	Internal cluster communication	`udp`	`9000` - `9999`
`WorkerIngressIngressServicesUDP`	Kubernetes Ingress services	`udp`	`30000` - `32767`
`WorkerIngressMasterIngressServicesUDP`	Kubernetes Ingress services	`udp`	`30000` - `32767`

Roles and instance profiles

You must grant the machines permissions in AWS. The provided CloudFormation templates grant the machines Allow permissions for the following AWS::IAM::Role objects and provide a AWS::IAM::InstanceProfile for each set of roles. If you do not use the templates, you can grant the machines the following broad permissions or the following individual permissions.

Role	Effect	Action
Master	`Allow`	`ec2:`
	`Allow`	`elasticloadbalancing:`
	`Allow`	`iam:PassRole`
	`Allow`	`s3:GetObject`
Worker	`Allow`	`ec2:Describe`
Bootstrap	`Allow`	`ec2:Describe`
	`Allow`	`ec2:AttachVolume`
	`Allow`	`ec2:DetachVolume`

Cluster machines

You need AWS::EC2::Instance objects for the following machines:

A bootstrap machine. This machine is required during installation, but you can remove it after your cluster deploys.
Three control plane machines. The control plane machines are not governed by a control plane machine set.
Compute machines. You must create at least two compute machines, which are also known as worker machines, during installation. These machines are not governed by a compute machine set.

Required AWS permissions for the IAM user

Your IAM user must have the permission tag:GetResources in the region us-east-1 to delete the base cluster resources. As part of the AWS API requirement, the OKD installation program performs various actions in this region.

When you attach the AdministratorAccess policy to the IAM user that you create in Amazon Web Services (AWS), you grant that user all of the required permissions. To deploy all components of an OKD cluster, the IAM user requires the following permissions:

Required EC2 permissions for installation

ec2:AuthorizeSecurityGroupEgress
ec2:AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress
ec2:CopyImage
ec2:CreateNetworkInterface
ec2:AttachNetworkInterface
ec2:CreateSecurityGroup
ec2:CreateTags
ec2:CreateVolume
ec2:DeleteSecurityGroup
ec2:DeleteSnapshot
ec2:DeleteTags
ec2:DeregisterImage
ec2:DescribeAccountAttributes
ec2:DescribeAddresses
ec2:DescribeAvailabilityZones
ec2:DescribeDhcpOptions
ec2:DescribeImages
ec2:DescribeInstanceAttribute
ec2:DescribeInstanceCreditSpecifications
ec2:DescribeInstances
ec2:DescribeInstanceTypes
ec2:DescribeInternetGateways
ec2:DescribeKeyPairs
ec2:DescribeNatGateways
ec2:DescribeNetworkAcls
ec2:DescribeNetworkInterfaces
ec2:DescribePrefixLists
ec2:DescribeRegions
ec2:DescribeRouteTables
ec2:DescribeSecurityGroups
ec2:DescribeSubnets
ec2:DescribeTags
ec2:DescribeVolumes
ec2:DescribeVpcAttribute
ec2:DescribeVpcClassicLink
ec2:DescribeVpcClassicLinkDnsSupport
ec2:DescribeVpcEndpoints
ec2:DescribeVpcs
ec2:GetEbsDefaultKmsKeyId
ec2:ModifyInstanceAttribute
ec2:ModifyNetworkInterfaceAttribute
ec2:RevokeSecurityGroupEgress
ec2:RevokeSecurityGroupIngress
ec2:RunInstances
ec2:TerminateInstances

Required permissions for creating network resources during installation

ec2:AllocateAddress
ec2:AssociateAddress
ec2:AssociateDhcpOptions
ec2:AssociateRouteTable
ec2:AttachInternetGateway
ec2:CreateDhcpOptions
ec2:CreateInternetGateway
ec2:CreateNatGateway
ec2:CreateRoute
ec2:CreateRouteTable
ec2:CreateSubnet
ec2:CreateVpc
ec2:CreateVpcEndpoint
ec2:ModifySubnetAttribute
ec2:ModifyVpcAttribute

If you use an existing VPC, your account does not require these permissions for creating network resources.

Required Elastic Load Balancing permissions (ELB) for installation

elasticloadbalancing:AddTags
elasticloadbalancing:ApplySecurityGroupsToLoadBalancer
elasticloadbalancing:AttachLoadBalancerToSubnets
elasticloadbalancing:ConfigureHealthCheck
elasticloadbalancing:CreateLoadBalancer
elasticloadbalancing:CreateLoadBalancerListeners
elasticloadbalancing:DeleteLoadBalancer
elasticloadbalancing:DeregisterInstancesFromLoadBalancer
elasticloadbalancing:DescribeInstanceHealth
elasticloadbalancing:DescribeLoadBalancerAttributes
elasticloadbalancing:DescribeLoadBalancers
elasticloadbalancing:DescribeTags
elasticloadbalancing:ModifyLoadBalancerAttributes
elasticloadbalancing:RegisterInstancesWithLoadBalancer
elasticloadbalancing:SetLoadBalancerPoliciesOfListener

Required Elastic Load Balancing permissions (ELBv2) for installation

elasticloadbalancing:AddTags
elasticloadbalancing:CreateListener
elasticloadbalancing:CreateLoadBalancer
elasticloadbalancing:CreateTargetGroup
elasticloadbalancing:DeleteLoadBalancer
elasticloadbalancing:DeregisterTargets
elasticloadbalancing:DescribeListeners
elasticloadbalancing:DescribeLoadBalancerAttributes
elasticloadbalancing:DescribeLoadBalancers
elasticloadbalancing:DescribeTargetGroupAttributes
elasticloadbalancing:DescribeTargetHealth
elasticloadbalancing:ModifyLoadBalancerAttributes
elasticloadbalancing:ModifyTargetGroup
elasticloadbalancing:ModifyTargetGroupAttributes
elasticloadbalancing:RegisterTargets

Required IAM permissions for installation

iam:AddRoleToInstanceProfile
iam:CreateInstanceProfile
iam:CreateRole
iam:DeleteInstanceProfile
iam:DeleteRole
iam:DeleteRolePolicy
iam:GetInstanceProfile
iam:GetRole
iam:GetRolePolicy
iam:GetUser
iam:ListInstanceProfilesForRole
iam:ListRoles
iam:ListUsers
iam:PassRole
iam:PutRolePolicy
iam:RemoveRoleFromInstanceProfile
iam:SimulatePrincipalPolicy
iam:TagRole

If you have not created a load balancer in your AWS account, the IAM user also requires the iam:CreateServiceLinkedRole permission.

Required Route 53 permissions for installation

route53:ChangeResourceRecordSets
route53:ChangeTagsForResource
route53:CreateHostedZone
route53:DeleteHostedZone
route53:GetChange
route53:GetHostedZone
route53:ListHostedZones
route53:ListHostedZonesByName
route53:ListResourceRecordSets
route53:ListTagsForResource
route53:UpdateHostedZoneComment

Required S3 permissions for installation

s3:CreateBucket
s3:DeleteBucket
s3:GetAccelerateConfiguration
s3:GetBucketAcl
s3:GetBucketCors
s3:GetBucketLocation
s3:GetBucketLogging
s3:GetBucketPolicy
s3:GetBucketObjectLockConfiguration
s3:GetBucketReplication
s3:GetBucketRequestPayment
s3:GetBucketTagging
s3:GetBucketVersioning
s3:GetBucketWebsite
s3:GetEncryptionConfiguration
s3:GetLifecycleConfiguration
s3:GetReplicationConfiguration
s3:ListBucket
s3:PutBucketAcl
s3:PutBucketTagging
s3:PutEncryptionConfiguration

S3 permissions that cluster Operators require

s3:DeleteObject
s3:GetObject
s3:GetObjectAcl
s3:GetObjectTagging
s3:GetObjectVersion
s3:PutObject
s3:PutObjectAcl
s3:PutObjectTagging

Required permissions to delete base cluster resources

autoscaling:DescribeAutoScalingGroups
ec2:DeletePlacementGroup
ec2:DeleteNetworkInterface
ec2:DeleteVolume
elasticloadbalancing:DeleteTargetGroup
elasticloadbalancing:DescribeTargetGroups
iam:DeleteAccessKey
iam:DeleteUser
iam:ListAttachedRolePolicies
iam:ListInstanceProfiles
iam:ListRolePolicies
iam:ListUserPolicies
s3:DeleteObject
s3:ListBucketVersions
tag:GetResources

Required permissions to delete network resources

ec2:DeleteDhcpOptions
ec2:DeleteInternetGateway
ec2:DeleteNatGateway
ec2:DeleteRoute
ec2:DeleteRouteTable
ec2:DeleteSubnet
ec2:DeleteVpc
ec2:DeleteVpcEndpoints
ec2:DetachInternetGateway
ec2:DisassociateRouteTable
ec2:ReleaseAddress
ec2:ReplaceRouteTableAssociation

If you use an existing VPC, your account does not require these permissions to delete network resources. Instead, your account only requires the tag:UntagResources permission to delete network resources.

Required permissions to delete a cluster with shared instance roles

iam:UntagRole

Additional IAM and S3 permissions that are required to create manifests

iam:DeleteAccessKey
iam:DeleteUser
iam:DeleteUserPolicy
iam:GetUserPolicy
iam:ListAccessKeys
iam:PutUserPolicy
iam:TagUser
s3:PutBucketPublicAccessBlock
s3:GetBucketPublicAccessBlock
s3:PutLifecycleConfiguration
s3:HeadBucket
s3:ListBucketMultipartUploads
s3:AbortMultipartUpload

If you are managing your cloud provider credentials with mint mode, the IAM user also requires the iam:CreateAccessKey and iam:CreateUser permissions.

Optional permissions for instance and quota checks for installation

ec2:DescribeInstanceTypeOfferings
servicequotas:ListAWSDefaultServiceQuotas

Obtaining an AWS Marketplace image

If you are deploying an OKD cluster using an AWS Marketplace image, you must first subscribe through AWS. Subscribing to the offer provides you with the AMI ID that the installation program uses to deploy worker nodes.

Prerequisites

You have an AWS account to purchase the offer. This account does not have to be the same account that is used to install the cluster.

Procedure

Complete the OKD subscription from the AWS Marketplace.
Record the AMI ID for your specific region. If you use the CloudFormation template to deploy your worker nodes, you must update the worker0.type.properties.ImageID parameter with this value.

Obtaining the installation program

Before you install OKD, download the installation file on the host you are using for installation.

Prerequisites

You have a computer that runs Linux or macOS, with 500 MB of local disk space.

Procedure

Download installer from https://github.com/openshift/okd/releases

The installation program creates several files on the computer that you use to install your cluster. You must keep the installation program and the files that the installation program creates after you finish installing the cluster. Both files are required to delete the cluster.

Deleting the files created by the installation program does not remove your cluster, even if the cluster failed during installation. To remove your cluster, complete the OKD uninstallation procedures for your specific cloud provider.

Extract the installation program. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:
```
$ tar -xvf openshift-install-linux.tar.gz
```
Download your installation pull secret from the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager. This pull secret allows you to authenticate with the services that are provided by the included authorities, including Quay.io, which serves the container images for OKD components.

Using a pull secret from the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager is not required. You can use a pull secret for another private registry. Or, if you do not need the cluster to pull images from a private registry, you can use {"auths":{"fake":{"auth":"aWQ6cGFzcwo="}}} as the pull secret when prompted during the installation.

If you do not use the pull secret from the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager:
- Red Hat Operators are not available.
- The Telemetry and Insights operators do not send data to Red Hat.
- Content from the Red Hat Container Catalog registry, such as image streams and Operators, are not available.

Generating a key pair for cluster node SSH access

During an OKD installation, you can provide an SSH public key to the installation program. The key is passed to the Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) nodes through their Ignition config files and is used to authenticate SSH access to the nodes. The key is added to the ~/.ssh/authorized_keys list for the core user on each node, which enables password-less authentication.

After the key is passed to the nodes, you can use the key pair to SSH in to the FCOS nodes as the user core. To access the nodes through SSH, the private key identity must be managed by SSH for your local user.

If you want to SSH in to your cluster nodes to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery, you must provide the SSH public key during the installation process. The ./openshift-install gather command also requires the SSH public key to be in place on the cluster nodes.

Do not skip this procedure in production environments, where disaster recovery and debugging is required.

You must use a local key, not one that you configured with platform-specific approaches such as AWS key pairs.

On clusters running Fedora CoreOS (FCOS), the SSH keys specified in the Ignition config files are written to the /home/core/.ssh/authorized_keys.d/core file. However, the Machine Config Operator manages SSH keys in the /home/core/.ssh/authorized_keys file and configures sshd to ignore the /home/core/.ssh/authorized_keys.d/core file. As a result, newly provisioned OKD nodes are not accessible using SSH until the Machine Config Operator reconciles the machine configs with the authorized_keys file. After you can access the nodes using SSH, you can delete the /home/core/.ssh/authorized_keys.d/core file.

Procedure

If you do not have an existing SSH key pair on your local machine to use for authentication onto your cluster nodes, create one. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:

$ ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -N '' -f <path>/<file_name> (1)

1	Specify the path and file name, such as `~/.ssh/id_ed25519`, of the new SSH key. If you have an existing key pair, ensure your public key is in the your `~/.ssh` directory.

If you plan to install an OKD cluster that uses FIPS Validated / Modules in Process cryptographic libraries on the x86_64 architecture, do not create a key that uses the ed25519 algorithm. Instead, create a key that uses the rsa or ecdsa algorithm.

View the public SSH key:
```
$ cat <path>/<file_name>.pub
```
For example, run the following to view the ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub public key:
```
$ cat ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub
```
Add the SSH private key identity to the SSH agent for your local user, if it has not already been added. SSH agent management of the key is required for password-less SSH authentication onto your cluster nodes, or if you want to use the ./openshift-install gather command.

On some distributions, default SSH private key identities such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa and ~/.ssh/id_dsa are managed automatically.
1. If the ssh-agent process is not already running for your local user, start it as a background task:
```
$ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
```
  Example output
```
Agent pid 31874
```
  If your cluster is in FIPS mode, only use FIPS-compliant algorithms to generate the SSH key. The key must be either RSA or ECDSA.
Add your SSH private key to the ssh-agent:
```
$ ssh-add <path>/<file_name> (1)
```
1 Specify the path and file name for your SSH private key, such as ~/.ssh/id_ed25519

Example output
```
Identity added: /home/<you>/<path>/<file_name> (<computer_name>)
```

Next steps

When you install OKD, provide the SSH public key to the installation program. If you install a cluster on infrastructure that you provision, you must provide the key to the installation program.

Creating the installation files for AWS

To install OKD on Amazon Web Services (AWS) using user-provisioned infrastructure, you must generate the files that the installation program needs to deploy your cluster and modify them so that the cluster creates only the machines that it will use. You generate and customize the install-config.yaml file, Kubernetes manifests, and Ignition config files. You also have the option to first set up a separate var partition during the preparation phases of installation.

Optional: Creating a separate `/var` partition

It is recommended that disk partitioning for OKD be left to the installer. However, there are cases where you might want to create separate partitions in a part of the filesystem that you expect to grow.

OKD supports the addition of a single partition to attach storage to either the /var partition or a subdirectory of /var. For example:

/var/lib/containers: Holds container-related content that can grow as more images and containers are added to a system.
/var/lib/etcd: Holds data that you might want to keep separate for purposes such as performance optimization of etcd storage.
/var: Holds data that you might want to keep separate for purposes such as auditing.

Storing the contents of a /var directory separately makes it easier to grow storage for those areas as needed and reinstall OKD at a later date and keep that data intact. With this method, you will not have to pull all your containers again, nor will you have to copy massive log files when you update systems.

Because /var must be in place before a fresh installation of Fedora CoreOS (FCOS), the following procedure sets up the separate /var partition by creating a machine config manifest that is inserted during the openshift-install preparation phases of an OKD installation.

If you follow the steps to create a separate /var partition in this procedure, it is not necessary to create the Kubernetes manifest and Ignition config files again as described later in this section.

Procedure

Create a directory to hold the OKD installation files:
```
$ mkdir $HOME/clusterconfig
```

Run openshift-install to create a set of files in the manifest and openshift subdirectories. Answer the system questions as you are prompted:

$ openshift-install create manifests --dir $HOME/clusterconfig

Example output

? SSH Public Key ...
INFO Credentials loaded from the "myprofile" profile in file "/home/myuser/.aws/credentials"
INFO Consuming Install Config from target directory
INFO Manifests created in: $HOME/clusterconfig/manifests and $HOME/clusterconfig/openshift

Optional: Confirm that the installation program created manifests in the clusterconfig/openshift directory:

$ ls $HOME/clusterconfig/openshift/

Example output

99_kubeadmin-password-secret.yaml
99_openshift-cluster-api_master-machines-0.yaml
99_openshift-cluster-api_master-machines-1.yaml
99_openshift-cluster-api_master-machines-2.yaml
...

Create a Butane config that configures the additional partition. For example, name the file $HOME/clusterconfig/98-var-partition.bu, change the disk device name to the name of the storage device on the worker systems, and set the storage size as appropriate. This example places the /var directory on a separate partition:

variant: openshift
version: 4.13.0
metadata:
  labels:
    machineconfiguration.openshift.io/role: worker
  name: 98-var-partition
storage:
  disks:
  - device: /dev/<device_name> (1)
    partitions:
    - label: var
      start_mib: <partition_start_offset> (2)
      size_mib: <partition_size> (3)
  filesystems:
    - device: /dev/disk/by-partlabel/var
      path: /var
      format: xfs
      mount_options: [defaults, prjquota] (4)
      with_mount_unit: true

1	The storage device name of the disk that you want to partition.
2	When adding a data partition to the boot disk, a minimum value of 25000 MiB (Mebibytes) is recommended. The root file system is automatically resized to fill all available space up to the specified offset. If no value is specified, or if the specified value is smaller than the recommended minimum, the resulting root file system will be too small, and future reinstalls of FCOS might overwrite the beginning of the data partition.
3	The size of the data partition in mebibytes.
4	The `prjquota` mount option must be enabled for filesystems used for container storage.

When creating a separate /var partition, you cannot use different instance types for worker nodes, if the different instance types do not have the same device name.

Create a manifest from the Butane config and save it to the clusterconfig/openshift directory. For example, run the following command:
```
$ butane $HOME/clusterconfig/98-var-partition.bu -o $HOME/clusterconfig/openshift/98-var-partition.yaml
```

Run openshift-install again to create Ignition configs from a set of files in the manifest and openshift subdirectories:

$ openshift-install create ignition-configs --dir $HOME/clusterconfig
$ ls $HOME/clusterconfig/
auth  bootstrap.ign  master.ign  metadata.json  worker.ign

Now you can use the Ignition config files as input to the installation procedures to install Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) systems.

Creating the installation configuration file

Generate and customize the installation configuration file that the installation program needs to deploy your cluster.

Prerequisites

You obtained the OKD installation program for user-provisioned infrastructure and the pull secret for your cluster.
You checked that you are deploying your cluster to a region with an accompanying Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) AMI published by Red Hat. If you are deploying to a region that requires a custom AMI, such as an AWS GovCloud region, you must create the install-config.yaml file manually.

Procedure

Create the install-config.yaml file.

Change to the directory that contains the installation program and run the following command:

$ ./openshift-install create install-config --dir <installation_directory> (1)

1	For `<installation_directory>`, specify the directory name to store the files that the installation program creates.

Specify an empty directory. Some installation assets, like bootstrap X.509 certificates have short expiration intervals, so you must not reuse an installation directory. If you want to reuse individual files from another cluster installation, you can copy them into your directory. However, the file names for the installation assets might change between releases. Use caution when copying installation files from an earlier OKD version.

At the prompts, provide the configuration details for your cloud:

Optional: Select an SSH key to use to access your cluster machines.

For production OKD clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery, specify an SSH key that your ssh-agent process uses.
Select aws as the platform to target.

If you do not have an AWS profile stored on your computer, enter the AWS access key ID and secret access key for the user that you configured to run the installation program.

The AWS access key ID and secret access key are stored in ~/.aws/credentials in the home directory of the current user on the installation host. You are prompted for the credentials by the installation program if the credentials for the exported profile are not present in the file. Any credentials that you provide to the installation program are stored in the file.

Select the AWS region to deploy the cluster to.
Select the base domain for the Route 53 service that you configured for your cluster.
Enter a descriptive name for your cluster.
Paste the pull secret from the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager. This field is optional.

If you are installing a three-node cluster, modify the install-config.yaml file by setting the compute.replicas parameter to 0. This ensures that the cluster’s control planes are schedulable. For more information, see “Installing a three-node cluster on AWS”.
Optional: Back up the install-config.yaml file.

The install-config.yaml file is consumed during the installation process. If you want to reuse the file, you must back it up now.

Additional resources

See Configuration and credential file settings in the AWS documentation for more information about AWS profile and credential configuration.

Configuring the cluster-wide proxy during installation

Production environments can deny direct access to the internet and instead have an HTTP or HTTPS proxy available. You can configure a new OKD cluster to use a proxy by configuring the proxy settings in the install-config.yaml file.

Prerequisites

You have an existing install-config.yaml file.

You reviewed the sites that your cluster requires access to and determined whether any of them need to bypass the proxy. By default, all cluster egress traffic is proxied, including calls to hosting cloud provider APIs. You added sites to the Proxy object’s spec.noProxy field to bypass the proxy if necessary.

The Proxy object status.noProxy field is populated with the values of the networking.machineNetwork[].cidr, networking.clusterNetwork[].cidr, and networking.serviceNetwork[] fields from your installation configuration.

For installations on Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud Platform (GCP), Microsoft Azure, and OpenStack, the Proxy object status.noProxy field is also populated with the instance metadata endpoint (169.254.169.254).

Procedure

Edit your install-config.yaml file and add the proxy settings. For example:

apiVersion: v1
baseDomain: my.domain.com
proxy:
  httpProxy: http://<username>:<pswd>@<ip>:<port> (1)
  httpsProxy: https://<username>:<pswd>@<ip>:<port> (2)
  noProxy: ec2.<aws_region>.amazonaws.com,elasticloadbalancing.<aws_region>.amazonaws.com,s3.<aws_region>.amazonaws.com (3)
additionalTrustBundle: | (4)
    -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
    <MY_TRUSTED_CA_CERT>
    -----END CERTIFICATE-----
additionalTrustBundlePolicy: <policy_to_add_additionalTrustBundle> (5)

1	A proxy URL to use for creating HTTP connections outside the cluster. The URL scheme must be `http`.
2	A proxy URL to use for creating HTTPS connections outside the cluster.
3	A comma-separated list of destination domain names, IP addresses, or other network CIDRs to exclude from proxying. Preface a domain with `.` to match subdomains only. For example, `.y.com` matches `x.y.com`, but not `y.com`. Use `*` to bypass the proxy for all destinations. If you have added the Amazon `EC2`,`Elastic Load Balancing`, and `S3` VPC endpoints to your VPC, you must add these endpoints to the `noProxy` field.
4	If provided, the installation program generates a config map that is named `user-ca-bundle` in the `openshift-config` namespace that contains one or more additional CA certificates that are required for proxying HTTPS connections. The Cluster Network Operator then creates a `trusted-ca-bundle` config map that merges these contents with the Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) trust bundle, and this config map is referenced in the `trustedCA` field of the `Proxy` object. The `additionalTrustBundle` field is required unless the proxy’s identity certificate is signed by an authority from the FCOS trust bundle.
5	Optional: The policy to determine the configuration of the `Proxy` object to reference the `user-ca-bundle` config map in the `trustedCA` field. The allowed values are `Proxyonly` and `Always`. Use `Proxyonly` to reference the `user-ca-bundle` config map only when `http/https` proxy is configured. Use `Always` to always reference the `user-ca-bundle` config map. The default value is `Proxyonly`.

The installation program does not support the proxy readinessEndpoints field.

If the installer times out, restart and then complete the deployment by using the wait-for command of the installer. For example:

$ ./openshift-install wait-for install-complete —log-level debug

Save the file and reference it when installing OKD.

The installation program creates a cluster-wide proxy that is named cluster that uses the proxy settings in the provided install-config.yaml file. If no proxy settings are provided, a cluster Proxy object is still created, but it will have a nil spec.

Only the Proxy object named cluster is supported, and no additional proxies can be created.

Creating the Kubernetes manifest and Ignition config files

Because you must modify some cluster definition files and manually start the cluster machines, you must generate the Kubernetes manifest and Ignition config files that the cluster needs to configure the machines.

The installation configuration file transforms into the Kubernetes manifests. The manifests wrap into the Ignition configuration files, which are later used to configure the cluster machines.

The Ignition config files that the OKD installation program generates contain certificates that expire after 24 hours, which are then renewed at that time. If the cluster is shut down before renewing the certificates and the cluster is later restarted after the 24 hours have elapsed, the cluster automatically recovers the expired certificates. The exception is that you must manually approve the pending node-bootstrapper certificate signing requests (CSRs) to recover kubelet certificates. See the documentation for Recovering from expired control plane certificates for more information.
It is recommended that you use Ignition config files within 12 hours after they are generated because the 24-hour certificate rotates from 16 to 22 hours after the cluster is installed. By using the Ignition config files within 12 hours, you can avoid installation failure if the certificate update runs during installation.

Prerequisites

You obtained the OKD installation program.
You created the install-config.yaml installation configuration file.

Procedure

Change to the directory that contains the OKD installation program and generate the Kubernetes manifests for the cluster:
```
$ ./openshift-install create manifests --dir <installation_directory> (1)
```
1 For <installation_directory>, specify the installation directory that contains the install-config.yaml file you created.
Remove the Kubernetes manifest files that define the control plane machines:
```
$ rm -f <installation_directory>/openshift/99_openshift-cluster-api_master-machines-*.yaml
```
By removing these files, you prevent the cluster from automatically generating control plane machines.

Remove the Kubernetes manifest files that define the control plane machine set:

$ rm -f <installation_directory>/openshift/99_openshift-machine-api_master-control-plane-machine-set.yaml

Remove the Kubernetes manifest files that define the worker machines:
```
$ rm -f <installation_directory>/openshift/99_openshift-cluster-api_worker-machineset-*.yaml
```
Because you create and manage the worker machines yourself, you do not need to initialize these machines.

If you are installing a three-node cluster, skip the following step to allow the control plane nodes to be schedulable.

When you configure control plane nodes from the default unschedulable to schedulable, additional subscriptions are required. This is because control plane nodes then become compute nodes.
Check that the mastersSchedulable parameter in the <installation_directory>/manifests/cluster-scheduler-02-config.yml Kubernetes manifest file is set to false. This setting prevents pods from being scheduled on the control plane machines:
1. Open the <installation_directory>/manifests/cluster-scheduler-02-config.yml file.
2. Locate the mastersSchedulable parameter and ensure that it is set to false.
3. Save and exit the file.
Optional: If you do not want the Ingress Operator to create DNS records on your behalf, remove the privateZone and publicZone sections from the <installation_directory>/manifests/cluster-dns-02-config.yml DNS configuration file:
```
apiVersion: config.openshift.io/v1
kind: DNS
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: null
  name: cluster
spec:
  baseDomain: example.openshift.com
  privateZone: (1)
    id: mycluster-100419-private-zone
  publicZone: (1)
    id: example.openshift.com
status: {}
```
1 Remove this section completely.

If you do so, you must add ingress DNS records manually in a later step.
To create the Ignition configuration files, run the following command from the directory that contains the installation program:
```
$ ./openshift-install create ignition-configs --dir <installation_directory> (1)
```
1 For <installation_directory>, specify the same installation directory.

Ignition config files are created for the bootstrap, control plane, and compute nodes in the installation directory. The kubeadmin-password and kubeconfig files are created in the ./<installation_directory>/auth directory:
```
.
├── auth
│   ├── kubeadmin-password
│   └── kubeconfig
├── bootstrap.ign
├── master.ign
├── metadata.json
└── worker.ign
```

Extracting the infrastructure name

The Ignition config files contain a unique cluster identifier that you can use to uniquely identify your cluster in Amazon Web Services (AWS). The infrastructure name is also used to locate the appropriate AWS resources during an OKD installation. The provided CloudFormation templates contain references to this infrastructure name, so you must extract it.

Prerequisites

You obtained the OKD installation program and the pull secret for your cluster.
You generated the Ignition config files for your cluster.
You installed the jq package.

Procedure

To extract and view the infrastructure name from the Ignition config file metadata, run the following command:
```
$ jq -r .infraID <installation_directory>/metadata.json (1)
```
1 For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.

Example output
```
openshift-vw9j6 (1)
```
1 The output of this command is your cluster name and a random string.

Creating a VPC in AWS

You must create a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) in Amazon Web Services (AWS) for your OKD cluster to use. You can customize the VPC to meet your requirements, including VPN and route tables.

You can use the provided CloudFormation template and a custom parameter file to create a stack of AWS resources that represent the VPC.

If you do not use the provided CloudFormation template to create your AWS infrastructure, you must review the provided information and manually create the infrastructure. If your cluster does not initialize correctly, you might have to contact Red Hat support with your installation logs.

Prerequisites

You configured an AWS account.
You added your AWS keys and region to your local AWS profile by running aws configure.
You generated the Ignition config files for your cluster.

Procedure

Create a JSON file that contains the parameter values that the template requires:

[
  {
    "ParameterKey": "VpcCidr", (1)
    "ParameterValue": "10.0.0.0/16" (2)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "AvailabilityZoneCount", (3)
    "ParameterValue": "1" (4)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "SubnetBits", (5)
    "ParameterValue": "12" (6)
  }
]

1	The CIDR block for the VPC.
2	Specify a CIDR block in the format `x.x.x.x/16-24`.
3	The number of availability zones to deploy the VPC in.
4	Specify an integer between `1` and `3`.
5	The size of each subnet in each availability zone.
6	Specify an integer between `5` and `13`, where `5` is `/27` and `13` is `/19`.

Copy the template from the CloudFormation template for the VPC section of this topic and save it as a YAML file on your computer. This template describes the VPC that your cluster requires.

Launch the CloudFormation template to create a stack of AWS resources that represent the VPC:

You must enter the command on a single line.

$ aws cloudformation create-stack --stack-name <name> (1)
     --template-body file://<template>.yaml (2)
     --parameters file://<parameters>.json (3)

1	`<name>` is the name for the CloudFormation stack, such as `cluster-vpc`. You need the name of this stack if you remove the cluster.
2	`<template>` is the relative path to and name of the CloudFormation template YAML file that you saved.
3	`<parameters>` is the relative path to and name of the CloudFormation parameters JSON file.

Example output

arn:aws:cloudformation:us-east-1:269333783861:stack/cluster-vpc/dbedae40-2fd3-11eb-820e-12a48460849f

Confirm that the template components exist:
```
$ aws cloudformation describe-stacks --stack-name <name>
```
After the StackStatus displays CREATE_COMPLETE, the output displays values for the following parameters. You must provide these parameter values to the other CloudFormation templates that you run to create your cluster:

VpcId
The ID of your VPC.
PublicSubnetIds
The IDs of the new public subnets.
PrivateSubnetIds
The IDs of the new private subnets.

CloudFormation template for the VPC

You can use the following CloudFormation template to deploy the VPC that you need for your OKD cluster.

CloudFormation template for the VPC

AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
Description: Template for Best Practice VPC with 1-3 AZs
Parameters:
  VpcCidr:
    AllowedPattern: ^(([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\.){3}([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])(\/(1[6-9]|2[0-4]))$
    ConstraintDescription: CIDR block parameter must be in the form x.x.x.x/16-24.
    Default: 10.0.0.0/16
    Description: CIDR block for VPC.
    Type: String
  AvailabilityZoneCount:
    ConstraintDescription: "The number of availability zones. (Min: 1, Max: 3)"
    MinValue: 1
    MaxValue: 3
    Default: 1
    Description: "How many AZs to create VPC subnets for. (Min: 1, Max: 3)"
    Type: Number
  SubnetBits:
    ConstraintDescription: CIDR block parameter must be in the form x.x.x.x/19-27.
    MinValue: 5
    MaxValue: 13
    Default: 12
    Description: "Size of each subnet to create within the availability zones. (Min: 5 = /27, Max: 13 = /19)"
    Type: Number
Metadata:
  AWS::CloudFormation::Interface:
    ParameterGroups:
    - Label:
        default: "Network Configuration"
      Parameters:
      - VpcCidr
      - SubnetBits
    - Label:
        default: "Availability Zones"
      Parameters:
      - AvailabilityZoneCount
    ParameterLabels:
      AvailabilityZoneCount:
        default: "Availability Zone Count"
      VpcCidr:
        default: "VPC CIDR"
      SubnetBits:
        default: "Bits Per Subnet"
Conditions:
  DoAz3: !Equals [3, !Ref AvailabilityZoneCount]
  DoAz2: !Or [!Equals [2, !Ref AvailabilityZoneCount], Condition: DoAz3]
Resources:
  VPC:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::VPC"
    Properties:
      EnableDnsSupport: "true"
      EnableDnsHostnames: "true"
      CidrBlock: !Ref VpcCidr
  PublicSubnet:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::Subnet"
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      CidrBlock: !Select [0, !Cidr [!Ref VpcCidr, 6, !Ref SubnetBits]]
      AvailabilityZone: !Select
      - 0
      - Fn::GetAZs: !Ref "AWS::Region"
  PublicSubnet2:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::Subnet"
    Condition: DoAz2
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      CidrBlock: !Select [1, !Cidr [!Ref VpcCidr, 6, !Ref SubnetBits]]
      AvailabilityZone: !Select
      - 1
      - Fn::GetAZs: !Ref "AWS::Region"
  PublicSubnet3:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::Subnet"
    Condition: DoAz3
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      CidrBlock: !Select [2, !Cidr [!Ref VpcCidr, 6, !Ref SubnetBits]]
      AvailabilityZone: !Select
      - 2
      - Fn::GetAZs: !Ref "AWS::Region"
  InternetGateway:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::InternetGateway"
  GatewayToInternet:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::VPCGatewayAttachment"
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      InternetGatewayId: !Ref InternetGateway
  PublicRouteTable:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::RouteTable"
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
  PublicRoute:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::Route"
    DependsOn: GatewayToInternet
    Properties:
      RouteTableId: !Ref PublicRouteTable
      DestinationCidrBlock: 0.0.0.0/0
      GatewayId: !Ref InternetGateway
  PublicSubnetRouteTableAssociation:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation"
    Properties:
      SubnetId: !Ref PublicSubnet
      RouteTableId: !Ref PublicRouteTable
  PublicSubnetRouteTableAssociation2:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation"
    Condition: DoAz2
    Properties:
      SubnetId: !Ref PublicSubnet2
      RouteTableId: !Ref PublicRouteTable
  PublicSubnetRouteTableAssociation3:
    Condition: DoAz3
    Type: "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation"
    Properties:
      SubnetId: !Ref PublicSubnet3
      RouteTableId: !Ref PublicRouteTable
  PrivateSubnet:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::Subnet"
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      CidrBlock: !Select [3, !Cidr [!Ref VpcCidr, 6, !Ref SubnetBits]]
      AvailabilityZone: !Select
      - 0
      - Fn::GetAZs: !Ref "AWS::Region"
  PrivateRouteTable:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::RouteTable"
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
  PrivateSubnetRouteTableAssociation:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation"
    Properties:
      SubnetId: !Ref PrivateSubnet
      RouteTableId: !Ref PrivateRouteTable
  NAT:
    DependsOn:
    - GatewayToInternet
    Type: "AWS::EC2::NatGateway"
    Properties:
      AllocationId:
        "Fn::GetAtt":
        - EIP
        - AllocationId
      SubnetId: !Ref PublicSubnet
  EIP:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::EIP"
    Properties:
      Domain: vpc
  Route:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::Route"
    Properties:
      RouteTableId:
        Ref: PrivateRouteTable
      DestinationCidrBlock: 0.0.0.0/0
      NatGatewayId:
        Ref: NAT
  PrivateSubnet2:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::Subnet"
    Condition: DoAz2
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      CidrBlock: !Select [4, !Cidr [!Ref VpcCidr, 6, !Ref SubnetBits]]
      AvailabilityZone: !Select
      - 1
      - Fn::GetAZs: !Ref "AWS::Region"
  PrivateRouteTable2:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::RouteTable"
    Condition: DoAz2
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
  PrivateSubnetRouteTableAssociation2:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation"
    Condition: DoAz2
    Properties:
      SubnetId: !Ref PrivateSubnet2
      RouteTableId: !Ref PrivateRouteTable2
  NAT2:
    DependsOn:
    - GatewayToInternet
    Type: "AWS::EC2::NatGateway"
    Condition: DoAz2
    Properties:
      AllocationId:
        "Fn::GetAtt":
        - EIP2
        - AllocationId
      SubnetId: !Ref PublicSubnet2
  EIP2:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::EIP"
    Condition: DoAz2
    Properties:
      Domain: vpc
  Route2:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::Route"
    Condition: DoAz2
    Properties:
      RouteTableId:
        Ref: PrivateRouteTable2
      DestinationCidrBlock: 0.0.0.0/0
      NatGatewayId:
        Ref: NAT2
  PrivateSubnet3:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::Subnet"
    Condition: DoAz3
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
      CidrBlock: !Select [5, !Cidr [!Ref VpcCidr, 6, !Ref SubnetBits]]
      AvailabilityZone: !Select
      - 2
      - Fn::GetAZs: !Ref "AWS::Region"
  PrivateRouteTable3:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::RouteTable"
    Condition: DoAz3
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
  PrivateSubnetRouteTableAssociation3:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation"
    Condition: DoAz3
    Properties:
      SubnetId: !Ref PrivateSubnet3
      RouteTableId: !Ref PrivateRouteTable3
  NAT3:
    DependsOn:
    - GatewayToInternet
    Type: "AWS::EC2::NatGateway"
    Condition: DoAz3
    Properties:
      AllocationId:
        "Fn::GetAtt":
        - EIP3
        - AllocationId
      SubnetId: !Ref PublicSubnet3
  EIP3:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::EIP"
    Condition: DoAz3
    Properties:
      Domain: vpc
  Route3:
    Type: "AWS::EC2::Route"
    Condition: DoAz3
    Properties:
      RouteTableId:
        Ref: PrivateRouteTable3
      DestinationCidrBlock: 0.0.0.0/0
      NatGatewayId:
        Ref: NAT3
  S3Endpoint:
    Type: AWS::EC2::VPCEndpoint
    Properties:
      PolicyDocument:
        Version: 2012-10-17
        Statement:
        - Effect: Allow
          Principal: '*'
          Action:
          - '*'
          Resource:
          - '*'
      RouteTableIds:
      - !Ref PublicRouteTable
      - !Ref PrivateRouteTable
      - !If [DoAz2, !Ref PrivateRouteTable2, !Ref "AWS::NoValue"]
      - !If [DoAz3, !Ref PrivateRouteTable3, !Ref "AWS::NoValue"]
      ServiceName: !Join
      - ''
      - - com.amazonaws.
        - !Ref 'AWS::Region'
        - .s3
      VpcId: !Ref VPC
Outputs:
  VpcId:
    Description: ID of the new VPC.
    Value: !Ref VPC
  PublicSubnetIds:
    Description: Subnet IDs of the public subnets.
    Value:
      !Join [
        ",",
        [!Ref PublicSubnet, !If [DoAz2, !Ref PublicSubnet2, !Ref "AWS::NoValue"], !If [DoAz3, !Ref PublicSubnet3, !Ref "AWS::NoValue"]]
      ]
  PrivateSubnetIds:
    Description: Subnet IDs of the private subnets.
    Value:
      !Join [
        ",",
        [!Ref PrivateSubnet, !If [DoAz2, !Ref PrivateSubnet2, !Ref "AWS::NoValue"], !If [DoAz3, !Ref PrivateSubnet3, !Ref "AWS::NoValue"]]
      ]
  PublicRouteTableId:
    Description: Public Route table ID
    Value: !Ref PublicRouteTable

Additional resources

You can view details about the CloudFormation stacks that you create by navigating to the AWS CloudFormation console.

Creating networking and load balancing components in AWS

You must configure networking and classic or network load balancing in Amazon Web Services (AWS) that your OKD cluster can use.

You can use the provided CloudFormation template and a custom parameter file to create a stack of AWS resources. The stack represents the networking and load balancing components that your OKD cluster requires. The template also creates a hosted zone and subnet tags.

You can run the template multiple times within a single Virtual Private Cloud (VPC).

Prerequisites

You configured an AWS account.
You added your AWS keys and region to your local AWS profile by running aws configure.
You generated the Ignition config files for your cluster.
You created and configured a VPC and associated subnets in AWS.

Procedure

Obtain the hosted zone ID for the Route 53 base domain that you specified in the install-config.yaml file for your cluster. You can obtain details about your hosted zone by running the following command:
```
$ aws route53 list-hosted-zones-by-name --dns-name <route53_domain> (1)
```
1 For the <route53_domain>, specify the Route 53 base domain that you used when you generated the install-config.yaml file for the cluster.

Example output
```
mycluster.example.com.    False    100
HOSTEDZONES    65F8F38E-2268-B835-E15C-AB55336FCBFA    /hostedzone/Z21IXYZABCZ2A4    mycluster.example.com.    10
```
In the example output, the hosted zone ID is Z21IXYZABCZ2A4.

Create a JSON file that contains the parameter values that the template requires:

[
  {
    "ParameterKey": "ClusterName", (1)
    "ParameterValue": "mycluster" (2)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "InfrastructureName", (3)
    "ParameterValue": "mycluster-<random_string>" (4)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "HostedZoneId", (5)
    "ParameterValue": "<random_string>" (6)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "HostedZoneName", (7)
    "ParameterValue": "example.com" (8)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "PublicSubnets", (9)
    "ParameterValue": "subnet-<random_string>" (10)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "PrivateSubnets", (11)
    "ParameterValue": "subnet-<random_string>" (12)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "VpcId", (13)
    "ParameterValue": "vpc-<random_string>" (14)
  }
]

1	A short, representative cluster name to use for hostnames, etc.
2	Specify the cluster name that you used when you generated the `install-config.yaml` file for the cluster.
3	The name for your cluster infrastructure that is encoded in your Ignition config files for the cluster.
4	Specify the infrastructure name that you extracted from the Ignition config file metadata, which has the format `<cluster-name>-<random-string>`.
5	The Route 53 public zone ID to register the targets with.
6	Specify the Route 53 public zone ID, which as a format similar to `Z21IXYZABCZ2A4`. You can obtain this value from the AWS console.
7	The Route 53 zone to register the targets with.
8	Specify the Route 53 base domain that you used when you generated the `install-config.yaml` file for the cluster. Do not include the trailing period (.) that is displayed in the AWS console.
9	The public subnets that you created for your VPC.
10	Specify the `PublicSubnetIds` value from the output of the CloudFormation template for the VPC.
11	The private subnets that you created for your VPC.
12	Specify the `PrivateSubnetIds` value from the output of the CloudFormation template for the VPC.
13	The VPC that you created for the cluster.
14	Specify the `VpcId` value from the output of the CloudFormation template for the VPC.

Copy the template from the CloudFormation template for the network and load balancers section of this topic and save it as a YAML file on your computer. This template describes the networking and load balancing objects that your cluster requires.

If you are deploying your cluster to an AWS government or secret region, you must update the InternalApiServerRecord in the CloudFormation template to use CNAME records. Records of type ALIAS are not supported for AWS government regions.

Launch the CloudFormation template to create a stack of AWS resources that provide the networking and load balancing components:

You must enter the command on a single line.

$ aws cloudformation create-stack --stack-name <name> (1)
     --template-body file://<template>.yaml (2)
     --parameters file://<parameters>.json (3)
     --capabilities CAPABILITY_NAMED_IAM (4)

1	`<name>` is the name for the CloudFormation stack, such as `cluster-dns`. You need the name of this stack if you remove the cluster.
2	`<template>` is the relative path to and name of the CloudFormation template YAML file that you saved.
3	`<parameters>` is the relative path to and name of the CloudFormation parameters JSON file.
4	You must explicitly declare the `CAPABILITY_NAMED_IAM` capability because the provided template creates some `AWS::IAM::Role` resources.

Example output

arn:aws:cloudformation:us-east-1:269333783861:stack/cluster-dns/cd3e5de0-2fd4-11eb-5cf0-12be5c33a183

Confirm that the template components exist:

$ aws cloudformation describe-stacks --stack-name <name>

After the StackStatus displays CREATE_COMPLETE, the output displays values for the following parameters. You must provide these parameter values to the other CloudFormation templates that you run to create your cluster:

`PrivateHostedZoneId`	Hosted zone ID for the private DNS.
`ExternalApiLoadBalancerName`	Full name of the external API load balancer.
`InternalApiLoadBalancerName`	Full name of the internal API load balancer.
`ApiServerDnsName`	Full hostname of the API server.
`RegisterNlbIpTargetsLambda`	Lambda ARN useful to help register/deregister IP targets for these load balancers.
`ExternalApiTargetGroupArn`	ARN of external API target group.
`InternalApiTargetGroupArn`	ARN of internal API target group.
`InternalServiceTargetGroupArn`	ARN of internal service target group.

CloudFormation template for the network and load balancers

You can use the following CloudFormation template to deploy the networking objects and load balancers that you need for your OKD cluster.

CloudFormation template for the network and load balancers

AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
Description: Template for OpenShift Cluster Network Elements (Route53 & LBs)
Parameters:
  ClusterName:
    AllowedPattern: ^([a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9\-]{0,26})$
    MaxLength: 27
    MinLength: 1
    ConstraintDescription: Cluster name must be alphanumeric, start with a letter, and have a maximum of 27 characters.
    Description: A short, representative cluster name to use for host names and other identifying names.
    Type: String
  InfrastructureName:
    AllowedPattern: ^([a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9\-]{0,26})$
    MaxLength: 27
    MinLength: 1
    ConstraintDescription: Infrastructure name must be alphanumeric, start with a letter, and have a maximum of 27 characters.
    Description: A short, unique cluster ID used to tag cloud resources and identify items owned or used by the cluster.
    Type: String
  HostedZoneId:
    Description: The Route53 public zone ID to register the targets with, such as Z21IXYZABCZ2A4.
    Type: String
  HostedZoneName:
    Description: The Route53 zone to register the targets with, such as example.com. Omit the trailing period.
    Type: String
    Default: "example.com"
  PublicSubnets:
    Description: The internet-facing subnets.
    Type: List<AWS::EC2::Subnet::Id>
  PrivateSubnets:
    Description: The internal subnets.
    Type: List<AWS::EC2::Subnet::Id>
  VpcId:
    Description: The VPC-scoped resources will belong to this VPC.
    Type: AWS::EC2::VPC::Id
Metadata:
  AWS::CloudFormation::Interface:
    ParameterGroups:
    - Label:
        default: "Cluster Information"
      Parameters:
      - ClusterName
      - InfrastructureName
    - Label:
        default: "Network Configuration"
      Parameters:
      - VpcId
      - PublicSubnets
      - PrivateSubnets
    - Label:
        default: "DNS"
      Parameters:
      - HostedZoneName
      - HostedZoneId
    ParameterLabels:
      ClusterName:
        default: "Cluster Name"
      InfrastructureName:
        default: "Infrastructure Name"
      VpcId:
        default: "VPC ID"
      PublicSubnets:
        default: "Public Subnets"
      PrivateSubnets:
        default: "Private Subnets"
      HostedZoneName:
        default: "Public Hosted Zone Name"
      HostedZoneId:
        default: "Public Hosted Zone ID"
Resources:
  ExtApiElb:
    Type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::LoadBalancer
    Properties:
      Name: !Join ["-", [!Ref InfrastructureName, "ext"]]
      IpAddressType: ipv4
      Subnets: !Ref PublicSubnets
      Type: network
  IntApiElb:
    Type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::LoadBalancer
    Properties:
      Name: !Join ["-", [!Ref InfrastructureName, "int"]]
      Scheme: internal
      IpAddressType: ipv4
      Subnets: !Ref PrivateSubnets
      Type: network
  IntDns:
    Type: "AWS::Route53::HostedZone"
    Properties:
      HostedZoneConfig:
        Comment: "Managed by CloudFormation"
      Name: !Join [".", [!Ref ClusterName, !Ref HostedZoneName]]
      HostedZoneTags:
      - Key: Name
        Value: !Join ["-", [!Ref InfrastructureName, "int"]]
      - Key: !Join ["", ["kubernetes.io/cluster/", !Ref InfrastructureName]]
        Value: "owned"
      VPCs:
      - VPCId: !Ref VpcId
        VPCRegion: !Ref "AWS::Region"
  ExternalApiServerRecord:
    Type: AWS::Route53::RecordSetGroup
    Properties:
      Comment: Alias record for the API server
      HostedZoneId: !Ref HostedZoneId
      RecordSets:
      - Name:
          !Join [
            ".",
            ["api", !Ref ClusterName, !Join ["", [!Ref HostedZoneName, "."]]],
          ]
        Type: A
        AliasTarget:
          HostedZoneId: !GetAtt ExtApiElb.CanonicalHostedZoneID
          DNSName: !GetAtt ExtApiElb.DNSName
  InternalApiServerRecord:
    Type: AWS::Route53::RecordSetGroup
    Properties:
      Comment: Alias record for the API server
      HostedZoneId: !Ref IntDns
      RecordSets:
      - Name:
          !Join [
            ".",
            ["api", !Ref ClusterName, !Join ["", [!Ref HostedZoneName, "."]]],
          ]
        Type: A
        AliasTarget:
          HostedZoneId: !GetAtt IntApiElb.CanonicalHostedZoneID
          DNSName: !GetAtt IntApiElb.DNSName
      - Name:
          !Join [
            ".",
            ["api-int", !Ref ClusterName, !Join ["", [!Ref HostedZoneName, "."]]],
          ]
        Type: A
        AliasTarget:
          HostedZoneId: !GetAtt IntApiElb.CanonicalHostedZoneID
          DNSName: !GetAtt IntApiElb.DNSName
  ExternalApiListener:
    Type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::Listener
    Properties:
      DefaultActions:
      - Type: forward
        TargetGroupArn:
          Ref: ExternalApiTargetGroup
      LoadBalancerArn:
        Ref: ExtApiElb
      Port: 6443
      Protocol: TCP
  ExternalApiTargetGroup:
    Type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::TargetGroup
    Properties:
      HealthCheckIntervalSeconds: 10
      HealthCheckPath: "/readyz"
      HealthCheckPort: 6443
      HealthCheckProtocol: HTTPS
      HealthyThresholdCount: 2
      UnhealthyThresholdCount: 2
      Port: 6443
      Protocol: TCP
      TargetType: ip
      VpcId:
        Ref: VpcId
      TargetGroupAttributes:
      - Key: deregistration_delay.timeout_seconds
        Value: 60
  InternalApiListener:
    Type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::Listener
    Properties:
      DefaultActions:
      - Type: forward
        TargetGroupArn:
          Ref: InternalApiTargetGroup
      LoadBalancerArn:
        Ref: IntApiElb
      Port: 6443
      Protocol: TCP
  InternalApiTargetGroup:
    Type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::TargetGroup
    Properties:
      HealthCheckIntervalSeconds: 10
      HealthCheckPath: "/readyz"
      HealthCheckPort: 6443
      HealthCheckProtocol: HTTPS
      HealthyThresholdCount: 2
      UnhealthyThresholdCount: 2
      Port: 6443
      Protocol: TCP
      TargetType: ip
      VpcId:
        Ref: VpcId
      TargetGroupAttributes:
      - Key: deregistration_delay.timeout_seconds
        Value: 60
  InternalServiceInternalListener:
    Type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::Listener
    Properties:
      DefaultActions:
      - Type: forward
        TargetGroupArn:
          Ref: InternalServiceTargetGroup
      LoadBalancerArn:
        Ref: IntApiElb
      Port: 22623
      Protocol: TCP
  InternalServiceTargetGroup:
    Type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::TargetGroup
    Properties:
      HealthCheckIntervalSeconds: 10
      HealthCheckPath: "/healthz"
      HealthCheckPort: 22623
      HealthCheckProtocol: HTTPS
      HealthyThresholdCount: 2
      UnhealthyThresholdCount: 2
      Port: 22623
      Protocol: TCP
      TargetType: ip
      VpcId:
        Ref: VpcId
      TargetGroupAttributes:
      - Key: deregistration_delay.timeout_seconds
        Value: 60
  RegisterTargetLambdaIamRole:
    Type: AWS::IAM::Role
    Properties:
      RoleName: !Join ["-", [!Ref InfrastructureName, "nlb", "lambda", "role"]]
      AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
        Version: "2012-10-17"
        Statement:
        - Effect: "Allow"
          Principal:
            Service:
            - "lambda.amazonaws.com"
          Action:
          - "sts:AssumeRole"
      Path: "/"
      Policies:
      - PolicyName: !Join ["-", [!Ref InfrastructureName, "master", "policy"]]
        PolicyDocument:
          Version: "2012-10-17"
          Statement:
          - Effect: "Allow"
            Action:
              [
                "elasticloadbalancing:RegisterTargets",
                "elasticloadbalancing:DeregisterTargets",
              ]
            Resource: !Ref InternalApiTargetGroup
          - Effect: "Allow"
            Action:
              [
                "elasticloadbalancing:RegisterTargets",
                "elasticloadbalancing:DeregisterTargets",
              ]
            Resource: !Ref InternalServiceTargetGroup
          - Effect: "Allow"
            Action:
              [
                "elasticloadbalancing:RegisterTargets",
                "elasticloadbalancing:DeregisterTargets",
              ]
            Resource: !Ref ExternalApiTargetGroup
  RegisterNlbIpTargets:
    Type: "AWS::Lambda::Function"
    Properties:
      Handler: "index.handler"
      Role:
        Fn::GetAtt:
        - "RegisterTargetLambdaIamRole"
        - "Arn"
      Code:
        ZipFile: |
          import json
          import boto3
          import cfnresponse
          def handler(event, context):
            elb = boto3.client('elbv2')
            if event['RequestType'] == 'Delete':
              elb.deregister_targets(TargetGroupArn=event['ResourceProperties']['TargetArn'],Targets=[{'Id': event['ResourceProperties']['TargetIp']}])
            elif event['RequestType'] == 'Create':
              elb.register_targets(TargetGroupArn=event['ResourceProperties']['TargetArn'],Targets=[{'Id': event['ResourceProperties']['TargetIp']}])
            responseData = {}
            cfnresponse.send(event, context, cfnresponse.SUCCESS, responseData, event['ResourceProperties']['TargetArn']+event['ResourceProperties']['TargetIp'])
      Runtime: "python3.8"
      Timeout: 120
  RegisterSubnetTagsLambdaIamRole:
    Type: AWS::IAM::Role
    Properties:
      RoleName: !Join ["-", [!Ref InfrastructureName, "subnet-tags-lambda-role"]]
      AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
        Version: "2012-10-17"
        Statement:
        - Effect: "Allow"
          Principal:
            Service:
            - "lambda.amazonaws.com"
          Action:
          - "sts:AssumeRole"
      Path: "/"
      Policies:
      - PolicyName: !Join ["-", [!Ref InfrastructureName, "subnet-tagging-policy"]]
        PolicyDocument:
          Version: "2012-10-17"
          Statement:
          - Effect: "Allow"
            Action:
              [
                "ec2:DeleteTags",
                "ec2:CreateTags"
              ]
            Resource: "arn:aws:ec2:*:*:subnet/*"
          - Effect: "Allow"
            Action:
              [
                "ec2:DescribeSubnets",
                "ec2:DescribeTags"
              ]
            Resource: "*"
  RegisterSubnetTags:
    Type: "AWS::Lambda::Function"
    Properties:
      Handler: "index.handler"
      Role:
        Fn::GetAtt:
        - "RegisterSubnetTagsLambdaIamRole"
        - "Arn"
      Code:
        ZipFile: |
          import json
          import boto3
          import cfnresponse
          def handler(event, context):
            ec2_client = boto3.client('ec2')
            if event['RequestType'] == 'Delete':
              for subnet_id in event['ResourceProperties']['Subnets']:
                ec2_client.delete_tags(Resources=[subnet_id], Tags=[{'Key': 'kubernetes.io/cluster/' + event['ResourceProperties']['InfrastructureName']}]);
            elif event['RequestType'] == 'Create':
              for subnet_id in event['ResourceProperties']['Subnets']:
                ec2_client.create_tags(Resources=[subnet_id], Tags=[{'Key': 'kubernetes.io/cluster/' + event['ResourceProperties']['InfrastructureName'], 'Value': 'shared'}]);
            responseData = {}
            cfnresponse.send(event, context, cfnresponse.SUCCESS, responseData, event['ResourceProperties']['InfrastructureName']+event['ResourceProperties']['Subnets'][0])
      Runtime: "python3.8"
      Timeout: 120
  RegisterPublicSubnetTags:
    Type: Custom::SubnetRegister
    Properties:
      ServiceToken: !GetAtt RegisterSubnetTags.Arn
      InfrastructureName: !Ref InfrastructureName
      Subnets: !Ref PublicSubnets
  RegisterPrivateSubnetTags:
    Type: Custom::SubnetRegister
    Properties:
      ServiceToken: !GetAtt RegisterSubnetTags.Arn
      InfrastructureName: !Ref InfrastructureName
      Subnets: !Ref PrivateSubnets
Outputs:
  PrivateHostedZoneId:
    Description: Hosted zone ID for the private DNS, which is required for private records.
    Value: !Ref IntDns
  ExternalApiLoadBalancerName:
    Description: Full name of the external API load balancer.
    Value: !GetAtt ExtApiElb.LoadBalancerFullName
  InternalApiLoadBalancerName:
    Description: Full name of the internal API load balancer.
    Value: !GetAtt IntApiElb.LoadBalancerFullName
  ApiServerDnsName:
    Description: Full hostname of the API server, which is required for the Ignition config files.
    Value: !Join [".", ["api-int", !Ref ClusterName, !Ref HostedZoneName]]
  RegisterNlbIpTargetsLambda:
    Description: Lambda ARN useful to help register or deregister IP targets for these load balancers.
    Value: !GetAtt RegisterNlbIpTargets.Arn
  ExternalApiTargetGroupArn:
    Description: ARN of the external API target group.
    Value: !Ref ExternalApiTargetGroup
  InternalApiTargetGroupArn:
    Description: ARN of the internal API target group.
    Value: !Ref InternalApiTargetGroup
  InternalServiceTargetGroupArn:
    Description: ARN of the internal service target group.
    Value: !Ref InternalServiceTargetGroup

If you are deploying your cluster to an AWS government or secret region, you must update the InternalApiServerRecord to use CNAME records. Records of type ALIAS are not supported for AWS government regions. For example:

Type: CNAME
TTL: 10
ResourceRecords:
- !GetAtt IntApiElb.DNSName

Additional resources

You can view details about the CloudFormation stacks that you create by navigating to the AWS CloudFormation console.
You can view details about your hosted zones by navigating to the AWS Route 53 console.
See Listing public hosted zones in the AWS documentation for more information about listing public hosted zones.

Creating security group and roles in AWS

You must create security groups and roles in Amazon Web Services (AWS) for your OKD cluster to use.

You can use the provided CloudFormation template and a custom parameter file to create a stack of AWS resources. The stack represents the security groups and roles that your OKD cluster requires.

Prerequisites

You configured an AWS account.
You added your AWS keys and region to your local AWS profile by running aws configure.
You generated the Ignition config files for your cluster.
You created and configured a VPC and associated subnets in AWS.

Procedure

Create a JSON file that contains the parameter values that the template requires:

[
  {
    "ParameterKey": "InfrastructureName", (1)
    "ParameterValue": "mycluster-<random_string>" (2)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "VpcCidr", (3)
    "ParameterValue": "10.0.0.0/16" (4)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "PrivateSubnets", (5)
    "ParameterValue": "subnet-<random_string>" (6)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "VpcId", (7)
    "ParameterValue": "vpc-<random_string>" (8)
  }
]

1	The name for your cluster infrastructure that is encoded in your Ignition config files for the cluster.
2	Specify the infrastructure name that you extracted from the Ignition config file metadata, which has the format `<cluster-name>-<random-string>`.
3	The CIDR block for the VPC.
4	Specify the CIDR block parameter that you used for the VPC that you defined in the form `x.x.x.x/16-24`.
5	The private subnets that you created for your VPC.
6	Specify the `PrivateSubnetIds` value from the output of the CloudFormation template for the VPC.
7	The VPC that you created for the cluster.
8	Specify the `VpcId` value from the output of the CloudFormation template for the VPC.

Copy the template from the CloudFormation template for security objects section of this topic and save it as a YAML file on your computer. This template describes the security groups and roles that your cluster requires.

Launch the CloudFormation template to create a stack of AWS resources that represent the security groups and roles:

You must enter the command on a single line.

$ aws cloudformation create-stack --stack-name <name> (1)
     --template-body file://<template>.yaml (2)
     --parameters file://<parameters>.json (3)
     --capabilities CAPABILITY_NAMED_IAM (4)

1	`<name>` is the name for the CloudFormation stack, such as `cluster-sec`. You need the name of this stack if you remove the cluster.
2	`<template>` is the relative path to and name of the CloudFormation template YAML file that you saved.
3	`<parameters>` is the relative path to and name of the CloudFormation parameters JSON file.
4	You must explicitly declare the `CAPABILITY_NAMED_IAM` capability because the provided template creates some `AWS::IAM::Role` and `AWS::IAM::InstanceProfile` resources.

Example output

arn:aws:cloudformation:us-east-1:269333783861:stack/cluster-sec/03bd4210-2ed7-11eb-6d7a-13fc0b61e9db

Confirm that the template components exist:
```
$ aws cloudformation describe-stacks --stack-name <name>
```
After the StackStatus displays CREATE_COMPLETE, the output displays values for the following parameters. You must provide these parameter values to the other CloudFormation templates that you run to create your cluster:

MasterSecurityGroupId
Master Security Group ID
WorkerSecurityGroupId
Worker Security Group ID
MasterInstanceProfile
Master IAM Instance Profile
WorkerInstanceProfile
Worker IAM Instance Profile

CloudFormation template for security objects

You can use the following CloudFormation template to deploy the security objects that you need for your OKD cluster.

CloudFormation template for security objects

AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
Description: Template for OpenShift Cluster Security Elements (Security Groups & IAM)
Parameters:
  InfrastructureName:
    AllowedPattern: ^([a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9\-]{0,26})$
    MaxLength: 27
    MinLength: 1
    ConstraintDescription: Infrastructure name must be alphanumeric, start with a letter, and have a maximum of 27 characters.
    Description: A short, unique cluster ID used to tag cloud resources and identify items owned or used by the cluster.
    Type: String
  VpcCidr:
    AllowedPattern: ^(([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\.){3}([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])(\/(1[6-9]|2[0-4]))$
    ConstraintDescription: CIDR block parameter must be in the form x.x.x.x/16-24.
    Default: 10.0.0.0/16
    Description: CIDR block for VPC.
    Type: String
  VpcId:
    Description: The VPC-scoped resources will belong to this VPC.
    Type: AWS::EC2::VPC::Id
  PrivateSubnets:
    Description: The internal subnets.
    Type: List<AWS::EC2::Subnet::Id>
Metadata:
  AWS::CloudFormation::Interface:
    ParameterGroups:
    - Label:
        default: "Cluster Information"
      Parameters:
      - InfrastructureName
    - Label:
        default: "Network Configuration"
      Parameters:
      - VpcId
      - VpcCidr
      - PrivateSubnets
    ParameterLabels:
      InfrastructureName:
        default: "Infrastructure Name"
      VpcId:
        default: "VPC ID"
      VpcCidr:
        default: "VPC CIDR"
      PrivateSubnets:
        default: "Private Subnets"
Resources:
  MasterSecurityGroup:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup
    Properties:
      GroupDescription: Cluster Master Security Group
      SecurityGroupIngress:
      - IpProtocol: icmp
        FromPort: 0
        ToPort: 0
        CidrIp: !Ref VpcCidr
      - IpProtocol: tcp
        FromPort: 22
        ToPort: 22
        CidrIp: !Ref VpcCidr
      - IpProtocol: tcp
        ToPort: 6443
        FromPort: 6443
        CidrIp: !Ref VpcCidr
      - IpProtocol: tcp
        FromPort: 22623
        ToPort: 22623
        CidrIp: !Ref VpcCidr
      VpcId: !Ref VpcId
  WorkerSecurityGroup:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup
    Properties:
      GroupDescription: Cluster Worker Security Group
      SecurityGroupIngress:
      - IpProtocol: icmp
        FromPort: 0
        ToPort: 0
        CidrIp: !Ref VpcCidr
      - IpProtocol: tcp
        FromPort: 22
        ToPort: 22
        CidrIp: !Ref VpcCidr
      VpcId: !Ref VpcId
  MasterIngressEtcd:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: etcd
      FromPort: 2379
      ToPort: 2380
      IpProtocol: tcp
  MasterIngressVxlan:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Vxlan packets
      FromPort: 4789
      ToPort: 4789
      IpProtocol: udp
  MasterIngressWorkerVxlan:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Vxlan packets
      FromPort: 4789
      ToPort: 4789
      IpProtocol: udp
  MasterIngressGeneve:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Geneve packets
      FromPort: 6081
      ToPort: 6081
      IpProtocol: udp
  MasterIngressWorkerGeneve:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Geneve packets
      FromPort: 6081
      ToPort: 6081
      IpProtocol: udp
  MasterIngressIpsecIke:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: IPsec IKE packets
      FromPort: 500
      ToPort: 500
      IpProtocol: udp
  MasterIngressIpsecNat:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: IPsec NAT-T packets
      FromPort: 4500
      ToPort: 4500
      IpProtocol: udp
  MasterIngressIpsecEsp:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: IPsec ESP packets
      IpProtocol: 50
  MasterIngressWorkerIpsecIke:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: IPsec IKE packets
      FromPort: 500
      ToPort: 500
      IpProtocol: udp
  MasterIngressWorkerIpsecNat:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: IPsec NAT-T packets
      FromPort: 4500
      ToPort: 4500
      IpProtocol: udp
  MasterIngressWorkerIpsecEsp:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: IPsec ESP packets
      IpProtocol: 50
  MasterIngressInternal:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Internal cluster communication
      FromPort: 9000
      ToPort: 9999
      IpProtocol: tcp
  MasterIngressWorkerInternal:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Internal cluster communication
      FromPort: 9000
      ToPort: 9999
      IpProtocol: tcp
  MasterIngressInternalUDP:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Internal cluster communication
      FromPort: 9000
      ToPort: 9999
      IpProtocol: udp
  MasterIngressWorkerInternalUDP:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Internal cluster communication
      FromPort: 9000
      ToPort: 9999
      IpProtocol: udp
  MasterIngressKube:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Kubernetes kubelet, scheduler and controller manager
      FromPort: 10250
      ToPort: 10259
      IpProtocol: tcp
  MasterIngressWorkerKube:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Kubernetes kubelet, scheduler and controller manager
      FromPort: 10250
      ToPort: 10259
      IpProtocol: tcp
  MasterIngressIngressServices:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Kubernetes ingress services
      FromPort: 30000
      ToPort: 32767
      IpProtocol: tcp
  MasterIngressWorkerIngressServices:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Kubernetes ingress services
      FromPort: 30000
      ToPort: 32767
      IpProtocol: tcp
  MasterIngressIngressServicesUDP:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Kubernetes ingress services
      FromPort: 30000
      ToPort: 32767
      IpProtocol: udp
  MasterIngressWorkerIngressServicesUDP:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Kubernetes ingress services
      FromPort: 30000
      ToPort: 32767
      IpProtocol: udp
  WorkerIngressVxlan:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Vxlan packets
      FromPort: 4789
      ToPort: 4789
      IpProtocol: udp
  WorkerIngressMasterVxlan:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Vxlan packets
      FromPort: 4789
      ToPort: 4789
      IpProtocol: udp
  WorkerIngressGeneve:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Geneve packets
      FromPort: 6081
      ToPort: 6081
      IpProtocol: udp
  WorkerIngressMasterGeneve:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Geneve packets
      FromPort: 6081
      ToPort: 6081
      IpProtocol: udp
  WorkerIngressIpsecIke:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: IPsec IKE packets
      FromPort: 500
      ToPort: 500
      IpProtocol: udp
  WorkerIngressIpsecNat:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: IPsec NAT-T packets
      FromPort: 4500
      ToPort: 4500
      IpProtocol: udp
  WorkerIngressIpsecEsp:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: IPsec ESP packets
      IpProtocol: 50
  WorkerIngressMasterIpsecIke:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: IPsec IKE packets
      FromPort: 500
      ToPort: 500
      IpProtocol: udp
  WorkerIngressMasterIpsecNat:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: IPsec NAT-T packets
      FromPort: 4500
      ToPort: 4500
      IpProtocol: udp
  WorkerIngressMasterIpsecEsp:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: IPsec ESP packets
      IpProtocol: 50
  WorkerIngressInternal:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Internal cluster communication
      FromPort: 9000
      ToPort: 9999
      IpProtocol: tcp
  WorkerIngressMasterInternal:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Internal cluster communication
      FromPort: 9000
      ToPort: 9999
      IpProtocol: tcp
  WorkerIngressInternalUDP:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Internal cluster communication
      FromPort: 9000
      ToPort: 9999
      IpProtocol: udp
  WorkerIngressMasterInternalUDP:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Internal cluster communication
      FromPort: 9000
      ToPort: 9999
      IpProtocol: udp
  WorkerIngressKube:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Kubernetes secure kubelet port
      FromPort: 10250
      ToPort: 10250
      IpProtocol: tcp
  WorkerIngressWorkerKube:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Internal Kubernetes communication
      FromPort: 10250
      ToPort: 10250
      IpProtocol: tcp
  WorkerIngressIngressServices:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Kubernetes ingress services
      FromPort: 30000
      ToPort: 32767
      IpProtocol: tcp
  WorkerIngressMasterIngressServices:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Kubernetes ingress services
      FromPort: 30000
      ToPort: 32767
      IpProtocol: tcp
  WorkerIngressIngressServicesUDP:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Kubernetes ingress services
      FromPort: 30000
      ToPort: 32767
      IpProtocol: udp
  WorkerIngressMasterIngressServicesUDP:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress
    Properties:
      GroupId: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
      SourceSecurityGroupId: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
      Description: Kubernetes ingress services
      FromPort: 30000
      ToPort: 32767
      IpProtocol: udp
  MasterIamRole:
    Type: AWS::IAM::Role
    Properties:
      AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
        Version: "2012-10-17"
        Statement:
        - Effect: "Allow"
          Principal:
            Service:
            - "ec2.amazonaws.com"
          Action:
          - "sts:AssumeRole"
      Policies:
      - PolicyName: !Join ["-", [!Ref InfrastructureName, "master", "policy"]]
        PolicyDocument:
          Version: "2012-10-17"
          Statement:
          - Effect: "Allow"
            Action:
            - "ec2:AttachVolume"
            - "ec2:AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress"
            - "ec2:CreateSecurityGroup"
            - "ec2:CreateTags"
            - "ec2:CreateVolume"
            - "ec2:DeleteSecurityGroup"
            - "ec2:DeleteVolume"
            - "ec2:Describe*"
            - "ec2:DetachVolume"
            - "ec2:ModifyInstanceAttribute"
            - "ec2:ModifyVolume"
            - "ec2:RevokeSecurityGroupIngress"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:AddTags"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:AttachLoadBalancerToSubnets"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:ApplySecurityGroupsToLoadBalancer"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:CreateListener"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:CreateLoadBalancer"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:CreateLoadBalancerPolicy"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:CreateLoadBalancerListeners"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:CreateTargetGroup"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:ConfigureHealthCheck"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:DeleteListener"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:DeleteLoadBalancer"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:DeleteLoadBalancerListeners"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:DeleteTargetGroup"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:DeregisterInstancesFromLoadBalancer"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:DeregisterTargets"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:Describe*"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:DetachLoadBalancerFromSubnets"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:ModifyListener"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:ModifyLoadBalancerAttributes"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:ModifyTargetGroup"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:ModifyTargetGroupAttributes"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:RegisterInstancesWithLoadBalancer"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:RegisterTargets"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:SetLoadBalancerPoliciesForBackendServer"
            - "elasticloadbalancing:SetLoadBalancerPoliciesOfListener"
            - "kms:DescribeKey"
            Resource: "*"
  MasterInstanceProfile:
    Type: "AWS::IAM::InstanceProfile"
    Properties:
      Roles:
      - Ref: "MasterIamRole"
  WorkerIamRole:
    Type: AWS::IAM::Role
    Properties:
      AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
        Version: "2012-10-17"
        Statement:
        - Effect: "Allow"
          Principal:
            Service:
            - "ec2.amazonaws.com"
          Action:
          - "sts:AssumeRole"
      Policies:
      - PolicyName: !Join ["-", [!Ref InfrastructureName, "worker", "policy"]]
        PolicyDocument:
          Version: "2012-10-17"
          Statement:
          - Effect: "Allow"
            Action:
            - "ec2:DescribeInstances"
            - "ec2:DescribeRegions"
            Resource: "*"
  WorkerInstanceProfile:
    Type: "AWS::IAM::InstanceProfile"
    Properties:
      Roles:
      - Ref: "WorkerIamRole"
Outputs:
  MasterSecurityGroupId:
    Description: Master Security Group ID
    Value: !GetAtt MasterSecurityGroup.GroupId
  WorkerSecurityGroupId:
    Description: Worker Security Group ID
    Value: !GetAtt WorkerSecurityGroup.GroupId
  MasterInstanceProfile:
    Description: Master IAM Instance Profile
    Value: !Ref MasterInstanceProfile
  WorkerInstanceProfile:
    Description: Worker IAM Instance Profile
    Value: !Ref WorkerInstanceProfile

Additional resources

You can view details about the CloudFormation stacks that you create by navigating to the AWS CloudFormation console.

Accessing FCOS AMIs with stream metadata

In OKD, stream metadata provides standardized metadata about FCOS in the JSON format and injects the metadata into the cluster. Stream metadata is a stable format that supports multiple architectures and is intended to be self-documenting for maintaining automation.

You can use the coreos print-stream-json sub-command of openshift-install to access information about the boot images in the stream metadata format. This command provides a method for printing stream metadata in a scriptable, machine-readable format.

For user-provisioned installations, the openshift-install binary contains references to the version of FCOS boot images that are tested for use with OKD, such as the AWS AMI.

Procedure

To parse the stream metadata, use one of the following methods:

From a Go program, use the official stream-metadata-go library at https://github.com/coreos/stream-metadata-go. You can also view example code in the library.
From another programming language, such as Python or Ruby, use the JSON library of your preferred programming language.
From a command-line utility that handles JSON data, such as jq:
- Print the current x86_64 AMI for an AWS region, such as us-west-1:
  
  For x86_64
```
$ openshift-install coreos print-stream-json | jq -r '.architectures.x86_64.images.aws.regions["us-west-1"].image'
```
  Example output
```
ami-0d3e625f84626bbda
```
  The output of this command is the AWS AMI ID for your designated architecture and the us-west-1 region. The AMI must belong to the same region as the cluster.

FCOS AMIs for the AWS infrastructure

Red Hat provides Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) AMIs that are valid for the various AWS regions and instance architectures that you can manually specify for your OKD nodes.

By importing your own AMI, you can also install to regions that do not have a published FCOS AMI.

AWS regions without a published FCOS AMI

You can deploy an OKD cluster to Amazon Web Services (AWS) regions without native support for a Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) Amazon Machine Image (AMI) or the AWS software development kit (SDK). If a published AMI is not available for an AWS region, you can upload a custom AMI prior to installing the cluster.

If you are deploying to a region not supported by the AWS SDK and you do not specify a custom AMI, the installation program copies the us-east-1 AMI to the user account automatically. Then the installation program creates the control plane machines with encrypted EBS volumes using the default or user-specified Key Management Service (KMS) key. This allows the AMI to follow the same process workflow as published FCOS AMIs.

A region without native support for an FCOS AMI is not available to select from the terminal during cluster creation because it is not published. However, you can install to this region by configuring the custom AMI in the install-config.yaml file.

Uploading a custom FCOS AMI in AWS

If you are deploying to a custom Amazon Web Services (AWS) region, you must upload a custom Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) Amazon Machine Image (AMI) that belongs to that region.

Prerequisites

You configured an AWS account.
You created an Amazon S3 bucket with the required IAM service role.
You uploaded your FCOS VMDK file to Amazon S3.
You downloaded the AWS CLI and installed it on your computer. See Install the AWS CLI Using the Bundled Installer.

Procedure

Export your AWS profile as an environment variable:
```
$ export AWS_PROFILE=<aws_profile> (1)
```
Export the region to associate with your custom AMI as an environment variable:
```
$ export AWS_DEFAULT_REGION=<aws_region> (1)
```
Export the version of FCOS you uploaded to Amazon S3 as an environment variable:
```
$ export RHCOS_VERSION=<version> (1)
```
1 The FCOS VMDK version, like 4.13.0.
Export the Amazon S3 bucket name as an environment variable:
```
$ export VMIMPORT_BUCKET_NAME=<s3_bucket_name>
```

Create the containers.json file and define your FCOS VMDK file:

$ cat <<EOF > containers.json
{
   "Description": "rhcos-${RHCOS_VERSION}-x86_64-aws.x86_64",
   "Format": "vmdk",
   "UserBucket": {
      "S3Bucket": "${VMIMPORT_BUCKET_NAME}",
      "S3Key": "rhcos-${RHCOS_VERSION}-x86_64-aws.x86_64.vmdk"
   }
}
EOF

Import the FCOS disk as an Amazon EBS snapshot:

$ aws ec2 import-snapshot --region ${AWS_DEFAULT_REGION} \
     --description "<description>" \ (1)
     --disk-container "file://<file_path>/containers.json" (2)

1	The description of your FCOS disk being imported, like `rhcos-${RHCOS_VERSION}-x86_64-aws.x86_64`.
2	The file path to the JSON file describing your FCOS disk. The JSON file should contain your Amazon S3 bucket name and key.

Check the status of the image import:

$ watch -n 5 aws ec2 describe-import-snapshot-tasks --region ${AWS_DEFAULT_REGION}

Example output

{
    "ImportSnapshotTasks": [
        {
            "Description": "rhcos-4.7.0-x86_64-aws.x86_64",
            "ImportTaskId": "import-snap-fh6i8uil",
            "SnapshotTaskDetail": {
                "Description": "rhcos-4.7.0-x86_64-aws.x86_64",
                "DiskImageSize": 819056640.0,
                "Format": "VMDK",
                "SnapshotId": "snap-06331325870076318",
                "Status": "completed",
                "UserBucket": {
                    "S3Bucket": "external-images",
                    "S3Key": "rhcos-4.7.0-x86_64-aws.x86_64.vmdk"
                }
            }
        }
    ]
}

Copy the SnapshotId to register the image.

Create a custom FCOS AMI from the FCOS snapshot:

$ aws ec2 register-image \
   --region ${AWS_DEFAULT_REGION} \
   --architecture x86_64 \ (1)
   --description "rhcos-${RHCOS_VERSION}-x86_64-aws.x86_64" \ (2)
   --ena-support \
   --name "rhcos-${RHCOS_VERSION}-x86_64-aws.x86_64" \ (3)
   --virtualization-type hvm \
   --root-device-name '/dev/xvda' \
   --block-device-mappings 'DeviceName=/dev/xvda,Ebs={DeleteOnTermination=true,SnapshotId=<snapshot_ID>}' (4)

1	The FCOS VMDK architecture type, like `x86_64`, `s390x`, or `ppc64le`.
2	The `Description` from the imported snapshot.
3	The name of the FCOS AMI.
4	The `SnapshotID` from the imported snapshot.

To learn more about these APIs, see the AWS documentation for importing snapshots and creating EBS-backed AMIs.

Creating the bootstrap node in AWS

You must create the bootstrap node in Amazon Web Services (AWS) to use during OKD cluster initialization. You do this by:

Providing a location to serve the bootstrap.ign Ignition config file to your cluster. This file is located in your installation directory. The provided CloudFormation Template assumes that the Ignition config files for your cluster are served from an S3 bucket. If you choose to serve the files from another location, you must modify the templates.
Using the provided CloudFormation template and a custom parameter file to create a stack of AWS resources. The stack represents the bootstrap node that your OKD installation requires.

If you do not use the provided CloudFormation template to create your bootstrap node, you must review the provided information and manually create the infrastructure. If your cluster does not initialize correctly, you might have to contact Red Hat support with your installation logs.

Prerequisites

You configured an AWS account.
You added your AWS keys and region to your local AWS profile by running aws configure.
You generated the Ignition config files for your cluster.
You created and configured a VPC and associated subnets in AWS.
You created and configured DNS, load balancers, and listeners in AWS.
You created the security groups and roles required for your cluster in AWS.

Procedure

Create the bucket by running the following command:
```
$ aws s3 mb s3://<cluster-name>-infra (1)
```
1 <cluster-name>-infra is the bucket name. When creating the install-config.yaml file, replace <cluster-name> with the name specified for the cluster.

You must use a presigned URL for your S3 bucket, instead of the s3:// schema, if you are:
- Deploying to a region that has endpoints that differ from the AWS SDK.
- Deploying a proxy.
- Providing your own custom endpoints.
Upload the bootstrap.ign Ignition config file to the bucket by running the following command:
```
$ aws s3 cp <installation_directory>/bootstrap.ign s3://<cluster-name>-infra/bootstrap.ign (1)
```
1 For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.

Verify that the file uploaded by running the following command:

$ aws s3 ls s3://<cluster-name>-infra/

Example output

2019-04-03 16:15:16     314878 bootstrap.ign

The bootstrap Ignition config file does contain secrets, like X.509 keys. The following steps provide basic security for the S3 bucket. To provide additional security, you can enable an S3 bucket policy to allow only certain users, such as the OpenShift IAM user, to access objects that the bucket contains. You can avoid S3 entirely and serve your bootstrap Ignition config file from any address that the bootstrap machine can reach.

Create a JSON file that contains the parameter values that the template requires:

[
  {
    "ParameterKey": "InfrastructureName", (1)
    "ParameterValue": "mycluster-<random_string>" (2)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "RhcosAmi", (3)
    "ParameterValue": "ami-<random_string>" (4)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "AllowedBootstrapSshCidr", (5)
    "ParameterValue": "0.0.0.0/0" (6)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "PublicSubnet", (7)
    "ParameterValue": "subnet-<random_string>" (8)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "MasterSecurityGroupId", (9)
    "ParameterValue": "sg-<random_string>" (10)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "VpcId", (11)
    "ParameterValue": "vpc-<random_string>" (12)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "BootstrapIgnitionLocation", (13)
    "ParameterValue": "s3://<bucket_name>/bootstrap.ign" (14)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "AutoRegisterELB", (15)
    "ParameterValue": "yes" (16)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "RegisterNlbIpTargetsLambdaArn", (17)
    "ParameterValue": "arn:aws:lambda:<aws_region>:<account_number>:function:<dns_stack_name>-RegisterNlbIpTargets-<random_string>" (18)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "ExternalApiTargetGroupArn", (19)
    "ParameterValue": "arn:aws:elasticloadbalancing:<aws_region>:<account_number>:targetgroup/<dns_stack_name>-Exter-<random_string>" (20)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "InternalApiTargetGroupArn", (21)
    "ParameterValue": "arn:aws:elasticloadbalancing:<aws_region>:<account_number>:targetgroup/<dns_stack_name>-Inter-<random_string>" (22)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "InternalServiceTargetGroupArn", (23)
    "ParameterValue": "arn:aws:elasticloadbalancing:<aws_region>:<account_number>:targetgroup/<dns_stack_name>-Inter-<random_string>" (24)
  }
]

1	The name for your cluster infrastructure that is encoded in your Ignition config files for the cluster.
2	Specify the infrastructure name that you extracted from the Ignition config file metadata, which has the format `<cluster-name>-<random-string>`.
3	Current Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) AMI to use for the bootstrap node based on your selected architecture.
4	Specify a valid `AWS::EC2::Image::Id` value.
5	CIDR block to allow SSH access to the bootstrap node.
6	Specify a CIDR block in the format `x.x.x.x/16-24`.
7	The public subnet that is associated with your VPC to launch the bootstrap node into.
8	Specify the `PublicSubnetIds` value from the output of the CloudFormation template for the VPC.
9	The master security group ID (for registering temporary rules)
10	Specify the `MasterSecurityGroupId` value from the output of the CloudFormation template for the security group and roles.
11	The VPC created resources will belong to.
12	Specify the `VpcId` value from the output of the CloudFormation template for the VPC.
13	Location to fetch bootstrap Ignition config file from.
14	Specify the S3 bucket and file name in the form `s3://<bucket_name>/bootstrap.ign`.
15	Whether or not to register a network load balancer (NLB).
16	Specify `yes` or `no`. If you specify `yes`, you must provide a Lambda Amazon Resource Name (ARN) value.
17	The ARN for NLB IP target registration lambda group.
18	Specify the `RegisterNlbIpTargetsLambda` value from the output of the CloudFormation template for DNS and load balancing. Use `arn:aws-us-gov` if deploying the cluster to an AWS GovCloud region.
19	The ARN for external API load balancer target group.
20	Specify the `ExternalApiTargetGroupArn` value from the output of the CloudFormation template for DNS and load balancing. Use `arn:aws-us-gov` if deploying the cluster to an AWS GovCloud region.
21	The ARN for internal API load balancer target group.
22	Specify the `InternalApiTargetGroupArn` value from the output of the CloudFormation template for DNS and load balancing. Use `arn:aws-us-gov` if deploying the cluster to an AWS GovCloud region.
23	The ARN for internal service load balancer target group.
24	Specify the `InternalServiceTargetGroupArn` value from the output of the CloudFormation template for DNS and load balancing. Use `arn:aws-us-gov` if deploying the cluster to an AWS GovCloud region.

Copy the template from the CloudFormation template for the bootstrap machine section of this topic and save it as a YAML file on your computer. This template describes the bootstrap machine that your cluster requires.
Optional: If you are deploying the cluster with a proxy, you must update the ignition in the template to add the ignition.config.proxy fields. Additionally, If you have added the Amazon EC2, Elastic Load Balancing, and S3 VPC endpoints to your VPC, you must add these endpoints to the noProxy field.

Launch the CloudFormation template to create a stack of AWS resources that represent the bootstrap node:

You must enter the command on a single line.

$ aws cloudformation create-stack --stack-name <name> (1)
     --template-body file://<template>.yaml (2)
     --parameters file://<parameters>.json (3)
     --capabilities CAPABILITY_NAMED_IAM (4)

1	`<name>` is the name for the CloudFormation stack, such as `cluster-bootstrap`. You need the name of this stack if you remove the cluster.
2	`<template>` is the relative path to and name of the CloudFormation template YAML file that you saved.
3	`<parameters>` is the relative path to and name of the CloudFormation parameters JSON file.
4	You must explicitly declare the `CAPABILITY_NAMED_IAM` capability because the provided template creates some `AWS::IAM::Role` and `AWS::IAM::InstanceProfile` resources.

Example output

arn:aws:cloudformation:us-east-1:269333783861:stack/cluster-bootstrap/12944486-2add-11eb-9dee-12dace8e3a83

Confirm that the template components exist:
```
$ aws cloudformation describe-stacks --stack-name <name>
```
After the StackStatus displays CREATE_COMPLETE, the output displays values for the following parameters. You must provide these parameter values to the other CloudFormation templates that you run to create your cluster:

BootstrapInstanceId
The bootstrap Instance ID.
BootstrapPublicIp
The bootstrap node public IP address.
BootstrapPrivateIp
The bootstrap node private IP address.

CloudFormation template for the bootstrap machine

You can use the following CloudFormation template to deploy the bootstrap machine that you need for your OKD cluster.

CloudFormation template for the bootstrap machine

AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
Description: Template for OpenShift Cluster Bootstrap (EC2 Instance, Security Groups and IAM)
Parameters:
  InfrastructureName:
    AllowedPattern: ^([a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9\-]{0,26})$
    MaxLength: 27
    MinLength: 1
    ConstraintDescription: Infrastructure name must be alphanumeric, start with a letter, and have a maximum of 27 characters.
    Description: A short, unique cluster ID used to tag cloud resources and identify items owned or used by the cluster.
    Type: String
  RhcosAmi:
    Description: Current Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS AMI to use for bootstrap.
    Type: AWS::EC2::Image::Id
  AllowedBootstrapSshCidr:
    AllowedPattern: ^(([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\.){3}([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])(\/([0-9]|1[0-9]|2[0-9]|3[0-2]))$
    ConstraintDescription: CIDR block parameter must be in the form x.x.x.x/0-32.
    Default: 0.0.0.0/0
    Description: CIDR block to allow SSH access to the bootstrap node.
    Type: String
  PublicSubnet:
    Description: The public subnet to launch the bootstrap node into.
    Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet::Id
  MasterSecurityGroupId:
    Description: The master security group ID for registering temporary rules.
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup::Id
  VpcId:
    Description: The VPC-scoped resources will belong to this VPC.
    Type: AWS::EC2::VPC::Id
  BootstrapIgnitionLocation:
    Default: s3://my-s3-bucket/bootstrap.ign
    Description: Ignition config file location.
    Type: String
  AutoRegisterELB:
    Default: "yes"
    AllowedValues:
    - "yes"
    - "no"
    Description: Do you want to invoke NLB registration, which requires a Lambda ARN parameter?
    Type: String
  RegisterNlbIpTargetsLambdaArn:
    Description: ARN for NLB IP target registration lambda.
    Type: String
  ExternalApiTargetGroupArn:
    Description: ARN for external API load balancer target group.
    Type: String
  InternalApiTargetGroupArn:
    Description: ARN for internal API load balancer target group.
    Type: String
  InternalServiceTargetGroupArn:
    Description: ARN for internal service load balancer target group.
    Type: String
  BootstrapInstanceType:
    Description: Instance type for the bootstrap EC2 instance
    Default: "i3.large"
    Type: String
Metadata:
  AWS::CloudFormation::Interface:
    ParameterGroups:
    - Label:
        default: "Cluster Information"
      Parameters:
      - InfrastructureName
    - Label:
        default: "Host Information"
      Parameters:
      - RhcosAmi
      - BootstrapIgnitionLocation
      - MasterSecurityGroupId
    - Label:
        default: "Network Configuration"
      Parameters:
      - VpcId
      - AllowedBootstrapSshCidr
      - PublicSubnet
    - Label:
        default: "Load Balancer Automation"
      Parameters:
      - AutoRegisterELB
      - RegisterNlbIpTargetsLambdaArn
      - ExternalApiTargetGroupArn
      - InternalApiTargetGroupArn
      - InternalServiceTargetGroupArn
    ParameterLabels:
      InfrastructureName:
        default: "Infrastructure Name"
      VpcId:
        default: "VPC ID"
      AllowedBootstrapSshCidr:
        default: "Allowed SSH Source"
      PublicSubnet:
        default: "Public Subnet"
      RhcosAmi:
        default: "Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS AMI ID"
      BootstrapIgnitionLocation:
        default: "Bootstrap Ignition Source"
      MasterSecurityGroupId:
        default: "Master Security Group ID"
      AutoRegisterELB:
        default: "Use Provided ELB Automation"
Conditions:
  DoRegistration: !Equals ["yes", !Ref AutoRegisterELB]
Resources:
  BootstrapIamRole:
    Type: AWS::IAM::Role
    Properties:
      AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
        Version: "2012-10-17"
        Statement:
        - Effect: "Allow"
          Principal:
            Service:
            - "ec2.amazonaws.com"
          Action:
          - "sts:AssumeRole"
      Path: "/"
      Policies:
      - PolicyName: !Join ["-", [!Ref InfrastructureName, "bootstrap", "policy"]]
        PolicyDocument:
          Version: "2012-10-17"
          Statement:
          - Effect: "Allow"
            Action: "ec2:Describe*"
            Resource: "*"
          - Effect: "Allow"
            Action: "ec2:AttachVolume"
            Resource: "*"
          - Effect: "Allow"
            Action: "ec2:DetachVolume"
            Resource: "*"
          - Effect: "Allow"
            Action: "s3:GetObject"
            Resource: "*"
  BootstrapInstanceProfile:
    Type: "AWS::IAM::InstanceProfile"
    Properties:
      Path: "/"
      Roles:
      - Ref: "BootstrapIamRole"
  BootstrapSecurityGroup:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup
    Properties:
      GroupDescription: Cluster Bootstrap Security Group
      SecurityGroupIngress:
      - IpProtocol: tcp
        FromPort: 22
        ToPort: 22
        CidrIp: !Ref AllowedBootstrapSshCidr
      - IpProtocol: tcp
        ToPort: 19531
        FromPort: 19531
        CidrIp: 0.0.0.0/0
      VpcId: !Ref VpcId
  BootstrapInstance:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Instance
    Properties:
      ImageId: !Ref RhcosAmi
      IamInstanceProfile: !Ref BootstrapInstanceProfile
      InstanceType: !Ref BootstrapInstanceType
      NetworkInterfaces:
      - AssociatePublicIpAddress: "true"
        DeviceIndex: "0"
        GroupSet:
        - !Ref "BootstrapSecurityGroup"
        - !Ref "MasterSecurityGroupId"
        SubnetId: !Ref "PublicSubnet"
      UserData:
        Fn::Base64: !Sub
        - '{"ignition":{"config":{"replace":{"source":"${S3Loc}"}},"version":"3.1.0"}}'
        - {
          S3Loc: !Ref BootstrapIgnitionLocation
        }
  RegisterBootstrapApiTarget:
    Condition: DoRegistration
    Type: Custom::NLBRegister
    Properties:
      ServiceToken: !Ref RegisterNlbIpTargetsLambdaArn
      TargetArn: !Ref ExternalApiTargetGroupArn
      TargetIp: !GetAtt BootstrapInstance.PrivateIp
  RegisterBootstrapInternalApiTarget:
    Condition: DoRegistration
    Type: Custom::NLBRegister
    Properties:
      ServiceToken: !Ref RegisterNlbIpTargetsLambdaArn
      TargetArn: !Ref InternalApiTargetGroupArn
      TargetIp: !GetAtt BootstrapInstance.PrivateIp
  RegisterBootstrapInternalServiceTarget:
    Condition: DoRegistration
    Type: Custom::NLBRegister
    Properties:
      ServiceToken: !Ref RegisterNlbIpTargetsLambdaArn
      TargetArn: !Ref InternalServiceTargetGroupArn
      TargetIp: !GetAtt BootstrapInstance.PrivateIp
Outputs:
  BootstrapInstanceId:
    Description: Bootstrap Instance ID.
    Value: !Ref BootstrapInstance
  BootstrapPublicIp:
    Description: The bootstrap node public IP address.
    Value: !GetAtt BootstrapInstance.PublicIp
  BootstrapPrivateIp:
    Description: The bootstrap node private IP address.
    Value: !GetAtt BootstrapInstance.PrivateIp

Additional resources

You can view details about the CloudFormation stacks that you create by navigating to the AWS CloudFormation console.
See FCOS AMIs for the AWS infrastructure for details about the Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) AMIs for the AWS zones.

Creating the control plane machines in AWS

You must create the control plane machines in Amazon Web Services (AWS) that your cluster will use.

You can use the provided CloudFormation template and a custom parameter file to create a stack of AWS resources that represent the control plane nodes.

The CloudFormation template creates a stack that represents three control plane nodes.

If you do not use the provided CloudFormation template to create your control plane nodes, you must review the provided information and manually create the infrastructure. If your cluster does not initialize correctly, you might have to contact Red Hat support with your installation logs.

Prerequisites

You configured an AWS account.
You added your AWS keys and region to your local AWS profile by running aws configure.
You generated the Ignition config files for your cluster.
You created and configured a VPC and associated subnets in AWS.
You created and configured DNS, load balancers, and listeners in AWS.
You created the security groups and roles required for your cluster in AWS.
You created the bootstrap machine.

Procedure

Create a JSON file that contains the parameter values that the template requires:

[
  {
    "ParameterKey": "InfrastructureName", (1)
    "ParameterValue": "mycluster-<random_string>" (2)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "RhcosAmi", (3)
    "ParameterValue": "ami-<random_string>" (4)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "AutoRegisterDNS", (5)
    "ParameterValue": "yes" (6)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "PrivateHostedZoneId", (7)
    "ParameterValue": "<random_string>" (8)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "PrivateHostedZoneName", (9)
    "ParameterValue": "mycluster.example.com" (10)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "Master0Subnet", (11)
    "ParameterValue": "subnet-<random_string>" (12)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "Master1Subnet", (11)
    "ParameterValue": "subnet-<random_string>" (12)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "Master2Subnet", (11)
    "ParameterValue": "subnet-<random_string>" (12)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "MasterSecurityGroupId", (13)
    "ParameterValue": "sg-<random_string>" (14)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "IgnitionLocation", (15)
    "ParameterValue": "https://api-int.<cluster_name>.<domain_name>:22623/config/master" (16)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "CertificateAuthorities", (17)
    "ParameterValue": "data:text/plain;charset=utf-8;base64,ABC...xYz==" (18)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "MasterInstanceProfileName", (19)
    "ParameterValue": "<roles_stack>-MasterInstanceProfile-<random_string>" (20)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "MasterInstanceType", (21)
    "ParameterValue": "" (22)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "AutoRegisterELB", (23)
    "ParameterValue": "yes" (24)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "RegisterNlbIpTargetsLambdaArn", (25)
    "ParameterValue": "arn:aws:lambda:<aws_region>:<account_number>:function:<dns_stack_name>-RegisterNlbIpTargets-<random_string>" (26)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "ExternalApiTargetGroupArn", (27)
    "ParameterValue": "arn:aws:elasticloadbalancing:<aws_region>:<account_number>:targetgroup/<dns_stack_name>-Exter-<random_string>" (28)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "InternalApiTargetGroupArn", (29)
    "ParameterValue": "arn:aws:elasticloadbalancing:<aws_region>:<account_number>:targetgroup/<dns_stack_name>-Inter-<random_string>" (30)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "InternalServiceTargetGroupArn", (31)
    "ParameterValue": "arn:aws:elasticloadbalancing:<aws_region>:<account_number>:targetgroup/<dns_stack_name>-Inter-<random_string>" (32)
  }
]

1	The name for your cluster infrastructure that is encoded in your Ignition config files for the cluster.
2	Specify the infrastructure name that you extracted from the Ignition config file metadata, which has the format `<cluster-name>-<random-string>`.
3	Current Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) AMI to use for the control plane machines based on your selected architecture.
4	Specify an `AWS::EC2::Image::Id` value.
5	Whether or not to perform DNS etcd registration.
6	Specify `yes` or `no`. If you specify `yes`, you must provide hosted zone information.
7	The Route 53 private zone ID to register the etcd targets with.
8	Specify the `PrivateHostedZoneId` value from the output of the CloudFormation template for DNS and load balancing.
9	The Route 53 zone to register the targets with.
10	Specify `<cluster_name>.<domain_name>` where `<domain_name>` is the Route 53 base domain that you used when you generated `install-config.yaml` file for the cluster. Do not include the trailing period (.) that is displayed in the AWS console.
11	A subnet, preferably private, to launch the control plane machines on.
12	Specify a subnet from the `PrivateSubnets` value from the output of the CloudFormation template for DNS and load balancing.
13	The master security group ID to associate with control plane nodes.
14	Specify the `MasterSecurityGroupId` value from the output of the CloudFormation template for the security group and roles.
15	The location to fetch control plane Ignition config file from.
16	Specify the generated Ignition config file location, `https://api-int.<cluster_name>.<domain_name>:22623/config/master`.
17	The base64 encoded certificate authority string to use.
18	Specify the value from the `master.ign` file that is in the installation directory. This value is the long string with the format `data:text/plain;charset=utf-8;base64,ABC…xYz==`.
19	The IAM profile to associate with control plane nodes.
20	Specify the `MasterInstanceProfile` parameter value from the output of the CloudFormation template for the security group and roles.
21	The type of AWS instance to use for the control plane machines based on your selected architecture.
22	The instance type value corresponds to the minimum resource requirements for control plane machines. For example `m6i.xlarge` is a type for `x86_64`
23	Whether or not to register a network load balancer (NLB).
24	Specify `yes` or `no`. If you specify `yes`, you must provide a Lambda Amazon Resource Name (ARN) value.
25	The ARN for NLB IP target registration lambda group.
26	Specify the `RegisterNlbIpTargetsLambda` value from the output of the CloudFormation template for DNS and load balancing. Use `arn:aws-us-gov` if deploying the cluster to an AWS GovCloud region.
27	The ARN for external API load balancer target group.
28	Specify the `ExternalApiTargetGroupArn` value from the output of the CloudFormation template for DNS and load balancing. Use `arn:aws-us-gov` if deploying the cluster to an AWS GovCloud region.
29	The ARN for internal API load balancer target group.
30	Specify the `InternalApiTargetGroupArn` value from the output of the CloudFormation template for DNS and load balancing. Use `arn:aws-us-gov` if deploying the cluster to an AWS GovCloud region.
31	The ARN for internal service load balancer target group.
32	Specify the `InternalServiceTargetGroupArn` value from the output of the CloudFormation template for DNS and load balancing. Use `arn:aws-us-gov` if deploying the cluster to an AWS GovCloud region.

Copy the template from the CloudFormation template for control plane machines section of this topic and save it as a YAML file on your computer. This template describes the control plane machines that your cluster requires.
If you specified an m5 instance type as the value for MasterInstanceType, add that instance type to the MasterInstanceType.AllowedValues parameter in the CloudFormation template.

Launch the CloudFormation template to create a stack of AWS resources that represent the control plane nodes:

You must enter the command on a single line.

$ aws cloudformation create-stack --stack-name <name> (1)
     --template-body file://<template>.yaml (2)
     --parameters file://<parameters>.json (3)

1	`<name>` is the name for the CloudFormation stack, such as `cluster-control-plane`. You need the name of this stack if you remove the cluster.
2	`<template>` is the relative path to and name of the CloudFormation template YAML file that you saved.
3	`<parameters>` is the relative path to and name of the CloudFormation parameters JSON file.

Example output

arn:aws:cloudformation:us-east-1:269333783861:stack/cluster-control-plane/21c7e2b0-2ee2-11eb-c6f6-0aa34627df4b

The CloudFormation template creates a stack that represents three control plane nodes.

Confirm that the template components exist:

$ aws cloudformation describe-stacks --stack-name <name>

CloudFormation template for control plane machines

You can use the following CloudFormation template to deploy the control plane machines that you need for your OKD cluster.

CloudFormation template for control plane machines

AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
Description: Template for OpenShift Cluster Node Launch (EC2 master instances)

Parameters:
  InfrastructureName:
    AllowedPattern: ^([a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9\-]{0,26})$
    MaxLength: 27
    MinLength: 1
    ConstraintDescription: Infrastructure name must be alphanumeric, start with a letter, and have a maximum of 27 characters.
    Description: A short, unique cluster ID used to tag nodes for the kubelet cloud provider.
    Type: String
  RhcosAmi:
    Description: Current Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS AMI to use for bootstrap.
    Type: AWS::EC2::Image::Id
  AutoRegisterDNS:
    Default: ""
    Description: unused
    Type: String
  PrivateHostedZoneId:
    Default: ""
    Description: unused
    Type: String
  PrivateHostedZoneName:
    Default: ""
    Description: unused
    Type: String
  Master0Subnet:
    Description: The subnets, recommend private, to launch the master nodes into.
    Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet::Id
  Master1Subnet:
    Description: The subnets, recommend private, to launch the master nodes into.
    Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet::Id
  Master2Subnet:
    Description: The subnets, recommend private, to launch the master nodes into.
    Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet::Id
  MasterSecurityGroupId:
    Description: The master security group ID to associate with master nodes.
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup::Id
  IgnitionLocation:
    Default: https://api-int.$CLUSTER_NAME.$DOMAIN:22623/config/master
    Description: Ignition config file location.
    Type: String
  CertificateAuthorities:
    Default: data:text/plain;charset=utf-8;base64,ABC...xYz==
    Description: Base64 encoded certificate authority string to use.
    Type: String
  MasterInstanceProfileName:
    Description: IAM profile to associate with master nodes.
    Type: String
  MasterInstanceType:
    Default: m5.xlarge
    Type: String

  AutoRegisterELB:
    Default: "yes"
    AllowedValues:
    - "yes"
    - "no"
    Description: Do you want to invoke NLB registration, which requires a Lambda ARN parameter?
    Type: String
  RegisterNlbIpTargetsLambdaArn:
    Description: ARN for NLB IP target registration lambda. Supply the value from the cluster infrastructure or select "no" for AutoRegisterELB.
    Type: String
  ExternalApiTargetGroupArn:
    Description: ARN for external API load balancer target group. Supply the value from the cluster infrastructure or select "no" for AutoRegisterELB.
    Type: String
  InternalApiTargetGroupArn:
    Description: ARN for internal API load balancer target group. Supply the value from the cluster infrastructure or select "no" for AutoRegisterELB.
    Type: String
  InternalServiceTargetGroupArn:
    Description: ARN for internal service load balancer target group. Supply the value from the cluster infrastructure or select "no" for AutoRegisterELB.
    Type: String

Metadata:
  AWS::CloudFormation::Interface:
    ParameterGroups:
    - Label:
        default: "Cluster Information"
      Parameters:
      - InfrastructureName
    - Label:
        default: "Host Information"
      Parameters:
      - MasterInstanceType
      - RhcosAmi
      - IgnitionLocation
      - CertificateAuthorities
      - MasterSecurityGroupId
      - MasterInstanceProfileName
    - Label:
        default: "Network Configuration"
      Parameters:
      - VpcId
      - AllowedBootstrapSshCidr
      - Master0Subnet
      - Master1Subnet
      - Master2Subnet
    - Label:
        default: "Load Balancer Automation"
      Parameters:
      - AutoRegisterELB
      - RegisterNlbIpTargetsLambdaArn
      - ExternalApiTargetGroupArn
      - InternalApiTargetGroupArn
      - InternalServiceTargetGroupArn
    ParameterLabels:
      InfrastructureName:
        default: "Infrastructure Name"
      VpcId:
        default: "VPC ID"
      Master0Subnet:
        default: "Master-0 Subnet"
      Master1Subnet:
        default: "Master-1 Subnet"
      Master2Subnet:
        default: "Master-2 Subnet"
      MasterInstanceType:
        default: "Master Instance Type"
      MasterInstanceProfileName:
        default: "Master Instance Profile Name"
      RhcosAmi:
        default: "Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS AMI ID"
      BootstrapIgnitionLocation:
        default: "Master Ignition Source"
      CertificateAuthorities:
        default: "Ignition CA String"
      MasterSecurityGroupId:
        default: "Master Security Group ID"
      AutoRegisterELB:
        default: "Use Provided ELB Automation"

Conditions:
  DoRegistration: !Equals ["yes", !Ref AutoRegisterELB]

Resources:
  Master0:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Instance
    Properties:
      ImageId: !Ref RhcosAmi
      BlockDeviceMappings:
      - DeviceName: /dev/xvda
        Ebs:
          VolumeSize: "120"
          VolumeType: "gp2"
      IamInstanceProfile: !Ref MasterInstanceProfileName
      InstanceType: !Ref MasterInstanceType
      NetworkInterfaces:
      - AssociatePublicIpAddress: "false"
        DeviceIndex: "0"
        GroupSet:
        - !Ref "MasterSecurityGroupId"
        SubnetId: !Ref "Master0Subnet"
      UserData:
        Fn::Base64: !Sub
        - '{"ignition":{"config":{"merge":[{"source":"${SOURCE}"}]},"security":{"tls":{"certificateAuthorities":[{"source":"${CA_BUNDLE}"}]}},"version":"3.1.0"}}'
        - {
          SOURCE: !Ref IgnitionLocation,
          CA_BUNDLE: !Ref CertificateAuthorities,
        }
      Tags:
      - Key: !Join ["", ["kubernetes.io/cluster/", !Ref InfrastructureName]]
        Value: "shared"

  RegisterMaster0:
    Condition: DoRegistration
    Type: Custom::NLBRegister
    Properties:
      ServiceToken: !Ref RegisterNlbIpTargetsLambdaArn
      TargetArn: !Ref ExternalApiTargetGroupArn
      TargetIp: !GetAtt Master0.PrivateIp

  RegisterMaster0InternalApiTarget:
    Condition: DoRegistration
    Type: Custom::NLBRegister
    Properties:
      ServiceToken: !Ref RegisterNlbIpTargetsLambdaArn
      TargetArn: !Ref InternalApiTargetGroupArn
      TargetIp: !GetAtt Master0.PrivateIp

  RegisterMaster0InternalServiceTarget:
    Condition: DoRegistration
    Type: Custom::NLBRegister
    Properties:
      ServiceToken: !Ref RegisterNlbIpTargetsLambdaArn
      TargetArn: !Ref InternalServiceTargetGroupArn
      TargetIp: !GetAtt Master0.PrivateIp

  Master1:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Instance
    Properties:
      ImageId: !Ref RhcosAmi
      BlockDeviceMappings:
      - DeviceName: /dev/xvda
        Ebs:
          VolumeSize: "120"
          VolumeType: "gp2"
      IamInstanceProfile: !Ref MasterInstanceProfileName
      InstanceType: !Ref MasterInstanceType
      NetworkInterfaces:
      - AssociatePublicIpAddress: "false"
        DeviceIndex: "0"
        GroupSet:
        - !Ref "MasterSecurityGroupId"
        SubnetId: !Ref "Master1Subnet"
      UserData:
        Fn::Base64: !Sub
        - '{"ignition":{"config":{"merge":[{"source":"${SOURCE}"}]},"security":{"tls":{"certificateAuthorities":[{"source":"${CA_BUNDLE}"}]}},"version":"3.1.0"}}'
        - {
          SOURCE: !Ref IgnitionLocation,
          CA_BUNDLE: !Ref CertificateAuthorities,
        }
      Tags:
      - Key: !Join ["", ["kubernetes.io/cluster/", !Ref InfrastructureName]]
        Value: "shared"

  RegisterMaster1:
    Condition: DoRegistration
    Type: Custom::NLBRegister
    Properties:
      ServiceToken: !Ref RegisterNlbIpTargetsLambdaArn
      TargetArn: !Ref ExternalApiTargetGroupArn
      TargetIp: !GetAtt Master1.PrivateIp

  RegisterMaster1InternalApiTarget:
    Condition: DoRegistration
    Type: Custom::NLBRegister
    Properties:
      ServiceToken: !Ref RegisterNlbIpTargetsLambdaArn
      TargetArn: !Ref InternalApiTargetGroupArn
      TargetIp: !GetAtt Master1.PrivateIp

  RegisterMaster1InternalServiceTarget:
    Condition: DoRegistration
    Type: Custom::NLBRegister
    Properties:
      ServiceToken: !Ref RegisterNlbIpTargetsLambdaArn
      TargetArn: !Ref InternalServiceTargetGroupArn
      TargetIp: !GetAtt Master1.PrivateIp

  Master2:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Instance
    Properties:
      ImageId: !Ref RhcosAmi
      BlockDeviceMappings:
      - DeviceName: /dev/xvda
        Ebs:
          VolumeSize: "120"
          VolumeType: "gp2"
      IamInstanceProfile: !Ref MasterInstanceProfileName
      InstanceType: !Ref MasterInstanceType
      NetworkInterfaces:
      - AssociatePublicIpAddress: "false"
        DeviceIndex: "0"
        GroupSet:
        - !Ref "MasterSecurityGroupId"
        SubnetId: !Ref "Master2Subnet"
      UserData:
        Fn::Base64: !Sub
        - '{"ignition":{"config":{"merge":[{"source":"${SOURCE}"}]},"security":{"tls":{"certificateAuthorities":[{"source":"${CA_BUNDLE}"}]}},"version":"3.1.0"}}'
        - {
          SOURCE: !Ref IgnitionLocation,
          CA_BUNDLE: !Ref CertificateAuthorities,
        }
      Tags:
      - Key: !Join ["", ["kubernetes.io/cluster/", !Ref InfrastructureName]]
        Value: "shared"

  RegisterMaster2:
    Condition: DoRegistration
    Type: Custom::NLBRegister
    Properties:
      ServiceToken: !Ref RegisterNlbIpTargetsLambdaArn
      TargetArn: !Ref ExternalApiTargetGroupArn
      TargetIp: !GetAtt Master2.PrivateIp

  RegisterMaster2InternalApiTarget:
    Condition: DoRegistration
    Type: Custom::NLBRegister
    Properties:
      ServiceToken: !Ref RegisterNlbIpTargetsLambdaArn
      TargetArn: !Ref InternalApiTargetGroupArn
      TargetIp: !GetAtt Master2.PrivateIp

  RegisterMaster2InternalServiceTarget:
    Condition: DoRegistration
    Type: Custom::NLBRegister
    Properties:
      ServiceToken: !Ref RegisterNlbIpTargetsLambdaArn
      TargetArn: !Ref InternalServiceTargetGroupArn
      TargetIp: !GetAtt Master2.PrivateIp

Outputs:
  PrivateIPs:
    Description: The control-plane node private IP addresses.
    Value:
      !Join [
        ",",
        [!GetAtt Master0.PrivateIp, !GetAtt Master1.PrivateIp, !GetAtt Master2.PrivateIp]
      ]

Additional resources

You can view details about the CloudFormation stacks that you create by navigating to the AWS CloudFormation console.

Creating the worker nodes in AWS

You can create worker nodes in Amazon Web Services (AWS) for your cluster to use.

If you are installing a three-node cluster, skip this step. A three-node cluster consists of three control plane machines, which also act as compute machines.

You can use the provided CloudFormation template and a custom parameter file to create a stack of AWS resources that represent a worker node.

The CloudFormation template creates a stack that represents one worker node. You must create a stack for each worker node.

If you do not use the provided CloudFormation template to create your worker nodes, you must review the provided information and manually create the infrastructure. If your cluster does not initialize correctly, you might have to contact Red Hat support with your installation logs.

Prerequisites

You configured an AWS account.
You added your AWS keys and region to your local AWS profile by running aws configure.
You generated the Ignition config files for your cluster.
You created and configured a VPC and associated subnets in AWS.
You created and configured DNS, load balancers, and listeners in AWS.
You created the security groups and roles required for your cluster in AWS.
You created the bootstrap machine.
You created the control plane machines.

Procedure

Create a JSON file that contains the parameter values that the CloudFormation template requires:

[
  {
    "ParameterKey": "InfrastructureName", (1)
    "ParameterValue": "mycluster-<random_string>" (2)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "RhcosAmi", (3)
    "ParameterValue": "ami-<random_string>" (4)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "Subnet", (5)
    "ParameterValue": "subnet-<random_string>" (6)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "WorkerSecurityGroupId", (7)
    "ParameterValue": "sg-<random_string>" (8)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "IgnitionLocation", (9)
    "ParameterValue": "https://api-int.<cluster_name>.<domain_name>:22623/config/worker" (10)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "CertificateAuthorities", (11)
    "ParameterValue": "" (12)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "WorkerInstanceProfileName", (13)
    "ParameterValue": "" (14)
  },
  {
    "ParameterKey": "WorkerInstanceType", (15)
    "ParameterValue": "" (16)
  }
]

1	The name for your cluster infrastructure that is encoded in your Ignition config files for the cluster.
2	Specify the infrastructure name that you extracted from the Ignition config file metadata, which has the format `<cluster-name>-<random-string>`.
3	Current Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) AMI to use for the worker nodes based on your selected architecture.
4	Specify an `AWS::EC2::Image::Id` value.
5	A subnet, preferably private, to start the worker nodes on.
6	Specify a subnet from the `PrivateSubnets` value from the output of the CloudFormation template for DNS and load balancing.
7	The worker security group ID to associate with worker nodes.
8	Specify the `WorkerSecurityGroupId` value from the output of the CloudFormation template for the security group and roles.
9	The location to fetch the bootstrap Ignition config file from.
10	Specify the generated Ignition config location, `https://api-int.<cluster_name>.<domain_name>:22623/config/worker`.
11	Base64 encoded certificate authority string to use.
12	Specify the value from the `worker.ign` file that is in the installation directory. This value is the long string with the format `data:text/plain;charset=utf-8;base64,ABC…xYz==`.
13	The IAM profile to associate with worker nodes.
14	Specify the `WorkerInstanceProfile` parameter value from the output of the CloudFormation template for the security group and roles.
15	The type of AWS instance to use for the compute machines based on your selected architecture.
16	The instance type value corresponds to the minimum resource requirements for compute machines. For example `m6i.large` is a type for `x86_64`

Copy the template from the CloudFormation template for worker machines section of this topic and save it as a YAML file on your computer. This template describes the networking objects and load balancers that your cluster requires.
Optional: If you specified an m5 instance type as the value for WorkerInstanceType, add that instance type to the WorkerInstanceType.AllowedValues parameter in the CloudFormation template.
Optional: If you are deploying with an AWS Marketplace image, update the Worker0.type.properties.ImageID parameter with the AMI ID that you obtained from your subscription.

Use the CloudFormation template to create a stack of AWS resources that represent a worker node:

You must enter the command on a single line.

$ aws cloudformation create-stack --stack-name <name> (1)
     --template-body file://<template>.yaml \ (2)
     --parameters file://<parameters>.json (3)

1	`<name>` is the name for the CloudFormation stack, such as `cluster-worker-1`. You need the name of this stack if you remove the cluster.
2	`<template>` is the relative path to and name of the CloudFormation template YAML file that you saved.
3	`<parameters>` is the relative path to and name of the CloudFormation parameters JSON file.

Example output

arn:aws:cloudformation:us-east-1:269333783861:stack/cluster-worker-1/729ee301-1c2a-11eb-348f-sd9888c65b59

The CloudFormation template creates a stack that represents one worker node.

Confirm that the template components exist:

$ aws cloudformation describe-stacks --stack-name <name>

Continue to create worker stacks until you have created enough worker machines for your cluster. You can create additional worker stacks by referencing the same template and parameter files and specifying a different stack name.

You must create at least two worker machines, so you must create at least two stacks that use this CloudFormation template.

CloudFormation template for worker machines

You can use the following CloudFormation template to deploy the worker machines that you need for your OKD cluster.

CloudFormation template for worker machines

AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
Description: Template for OpenShift Cluster Node Launch (EC2 worker instance)

Parameters:
  InfrastructureName:
    AllowedPattern: ^([a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9\-]{0,26})$
    MaxLength: 27
    MinLength: 1
    ConstraintDescription: Infrastructure name must be alphanumeric, start with a letter, and have a maximum of 27 characters.
    Description: A short, unique cluster ID used to tag nodes for the kubelet cloud provider.
    Type: String
  RhcosAmi:
    Description: Current Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS AMI to use for bootstrap.
    Type: AWS::EC2::Image::Id
  Subnet:
    Description: The subnets, recommend private, to launch the master nodes into.
    Type: AWS::EC2::Subnet::Id
  WorkerSecurityGroupId:
    Description: The master security group ID to associate with master nodes.
    Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup::Id
  IgnitionLocation:
    Default: https://api-int.$CLUSTER_NAME.$DOMAIN:22623/config/worker
    Description: Ignition config file location.
    Type: String
  CertificateAuthorities:
    Default: data:text/plain;charset=utf-8;base64,ABC...xYz==
    Description: Base64 encoded certificate authority string to use.
    Type: String
  WorkerInstanceProfileName:
    Description: IAM profile to associate with master nodes.
    Type: String
  WorkerInstanceType:
    Default: m5.large
    Type: String

Metadata:
  AWS::CloudFormation::Interface:
    ParameterGroups:
    - Label:
        default: "Cluster Information"
      Parameters:
      - InfrastructureName
    - Label:
        default: "Host Information"
      Parameters:
      - WorkerInstanceType
      - RhcosAmi
      - IgnitionLocation
      - CertificateAuthorities
      - WorkerSecurityGroupId
      - WorkerInstanceProfileName
    - Label:
        default: "Network Configuration"
      Parameters:
      - Subnet
    ParameterLabels:
      Subnet:
        default: "Subnet"
      InfrastructureName:
        default: "Infrastructure Name"
      WorkerInstanceType:
        default: "Worker Instance Type"
      WorkerInstanceProfileName:
        default: "Worker Instance Profile Name"
      RhcosAmi:
        default: "Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS AMI ID"
      IgnitionLocation:
        default: "Worker Ignition Source"
      CertificateAuthorities:
        default: "Ignition CA String"
      WorkerSecurityGroupId:
        default: "Worker Security Group ID"

Resources:
  Worker0:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Instance
    Properties:
      ImageId: !Ref RhcosAmi
      BlockDeviceMappings:
      - DeviceName: /dev/xvda
        Ebs:
          VolumeSize: "120"
          VolumeType: "gp2"
      IamInstanceProfile: !Ref WorkerInstanceProfileName
      InstanceType: !Ref WorkerInstanceType
      NetworkInterfaces:
      - AssociatePublicIpAddress: "false"
        DeviceIndex: "0"
        GroupSet:
        - !Ref "WorkerSecurityGroupId"
        SubnetId: !Ref "Subnet"
      UserData:
        Fn::Base64: !Sub
        - '{"ignition":{"config":{"merge":[{"source":"${SOURCE}"}]},"security":{"tls":{"certificateAuthorities":[{"source":"${CA_BUNDLE}"}]}},"version":"3.1.0"}}'
        - {
          SOURCE: !Ref IgnitionLocation,
          CA_BUNDLE: !Ref CertificateAuthorities,
        }
      Tags:
      - Key: !Join ["", ["kubernetes.io/cluster/", !Ref InfrastructureName]]
        Value: "shared"

Outputs:
  PrivateIP:
    Description: The compute node private IP address.
    Value: !GetAtt Worker0.PrivateIp

Additional resources

You can view details about the CloudFormation stacks that you create by navigating to the AWS CloudFormation console.

Initializing the bootstrap sequence on AWS with user-provisioned infrastructure

After you create all of the required infrastructure in Amazon Web Services (AWS), you can start the bootstrap sequence that initializes the OKD control plane.

Prerequisites

You configured an AWS account.
You added your AWS keys and region to your local AWS profile by running aws configure.
You generated the Ignition config files for your cluster.
You created and configured a VPC and associated subnets in AWS.
You created and configured DNS, load balancers, and listeners in AWS.
You created the security groups and roles required for your cluster in AWS.
You created the bootstrap machine.
You created the control plane machines.
You created the worker nodes.

Procedure

Change to the directory that contains the installation program and start the bootstrap process that initializes the OKD control plane:
```
$ ./openshift-install wait-for bootstrap-complete --dir <installation_directory> \ (1)
    --log-level=info (2)
```
1 For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.
2 To view different installation details, specify warn, debug, or error instead of info.

Example output
```
INFO Waiting up to 20m0s for the Kubernetes API at https://api.mycluster.example.com:6443...
INFO API v1.26.0 up
INFO Waiting up to 30m0s for bootstrapping to complete...
INFO It is now safe to remove the bootstrap resources
INFO Time elapsed: 1s
```
If the command exits without a FATAL warning, your OKD control plane has initialized.

After the control plane initializes, it sets up the compute nodes and installs additional services in the form of Operators.

Additional resources

See Monitoring installation progress for details about monitoring the installation, bootstrap, and control plane logs as an OKD installation progresses.
See Gathering bootstrap node diagnostic data for information about troubleshooting issues related to the bootstrap process.
You can view details about the running instances that are created by using the AWS EC2 console.

Installing the OpenShift CLI by downloading the binary

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) to interact with OKD from a command-line interface. You can install oc on Linux, Windows, or macOS.

If you installed an earlier version of oc, you cannot use it to complete all of the commands in OKD 4.13. Download and install the new version of oc.

Installing the OpenShift CLI on Linux

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary on Linux by using the following procedure.

Procedure

Navigate to https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/clients/oc/latest/ and choose the folder for your operating system and architecture.
Download oc.tar.gz.
Unpack the archive:
```
$ tar xvf <file>
```
Place the oc binary in a directory that is on your PATH.

To check your PATH, execute the following command:
```
$ echo $PATH
```

After you install the OpenShift CLI, it is available using the oc command:

$ oc <command>

Installing the OpenShift CLI on Windows

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary on Windows by using the following procedure.

Procedure

Navigate to https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/clients/oc/latest/ and choose the folder for your operating system and architecture.
Download oc.zip.
Unzip the archive with a ZIP program.
Move the oc binary to a directory that is on your PATH.

To check your PATH, open the command prompt and execute the following command:
```
C:\> path
```

After you install the OpenShift CLI, it is available using the oc command:

C:\> oc <command>

Installing the OpenShift CLI on macOS

You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc) binary on macOS by using the following procedure.

Procedure

Navigate to https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/clients/oc/latest/ and choose the folder for your operating system and architecture.
Download oc.tar.gz.
Unpack and unzip the archive.
Move the oc binary to a directory on your PATH.

To check your PATH, open a terminal and execute the following command:
```
$ echo $PATH
```

After you install the OpenShift CLI, it is available using the oc command:

$ oc <command>

Logging in to the cluster by using the CLI

You can log in to your cluster as a default system user by exporting the cluster kubeconfig file. The kubeconfig file contains information about the cluster that is used by the CLI to connect a client to the correct cluster and API server. The file is specific to a cluster and is created during OKD installation.

Prerequisites

You deployed an OKD cluster.
You installed the oc CLI.

Procedure

Export the kubeadmin credentials:
```
$ export KUBECONFIG=<installation_directory>/auth/kubeconfig (1)
```
1 For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.
Verify you can run oc commands successfully using the exported configuration:
```
$ oc whoami
```
Example output
```
system:admin
```

Approving the certificate signing requests for your machines

When you add machines to a cluster, two pending certificate signing requests (CSRs) are generated for each machine that you added. You must confirm that these CSRs are approved or, if necessary, approve them yourself. The client requests must be approved first, followed by the server requests.

Prerequisites

You added machines to your cluster.

Procedure

Confirm that the cluster recognizes the machines:
```
$ oc get nodes
```
Example output
```
NAME      STATUS    ROLES   AGE  VERSION
master-0  Ready     master  63m  v1.26.0
master-1  Ready     master  63m  v1.26.0
master-2  Ready     master  64m  v1.26.0
```
The output lists all of the machines that you created.

The preceding output might not include the compute nodes, also known as worker nodes, until some CSRs are approved.

Review the pending CSRs and ensure that you see the client requests with the Pending or Approved status for each machine that you added to the cluster:

$ oc get csr

Example output

NAME        AGE     REQUESTOR                                                                   CONDITION
csr-8b2br   15m     system:serviceaccount:openshift-machine-config-operator:node-bootstrapper   Pending
csr-8vnps   15m     system:serviceaccount:openshift-machine-config-operator:node-bootstrapper   Pending
...

In this example, two machines are joining the cluster. You might see more approved CSRs in the list.

If the CSRs were not approved, after all of the pending CSRs for the machines you added are in Pending status, approve the CSRs for your cluster machines:

Because the CSRs rotate automatically, approve your CSRs within an hour of adding the machines to the cluster. If you do not approve them within an hour, the certificates will rotate, and more than two certificates will be present for each node. You must approve all of these certificates. After the client CSR is approved, the Kubelet creates a secondary CSR for the serving certificate, which requires manual approval. Then, subsequent serving certificate renewal requests are automatically approved by the machine-approver if the Kubelet requests a new certificate with identical parameters.

For clusters running on platforms that are not machine API enabled, such as bare metal and other user-provisioned infrastructure, you must implement a method of automatically approving the kubelet serving certificate requests (CSRs). If a request is not approved, then the oc exec, oc rsh, and oc logs commands cannot succeed, because a serving certificate is required when the API server connects to the kubelet. Any operation that contacts the Kubelet endpoint requires this certificate approval to be in place. The method must watch for new CSRs, confirm that the CSR was submitted by the node-bootstrapper service account in the system:node or system:admin groups, and confirm the identity of the node.

To approve them individually, run the following command for each valid CSR:
```
$ oc adm certificate approve <csr_name> (1)
```
1 <csr_name> is the name of a CSR from the list of current CSRs.

To approve all pending CSRs, run the following command:

$ oc get csr -o go-template='{{range .items}}{{if not .status}}{{.metadata.name}}{{"\n"}}{{end}}{{end}}' | xargs --no-run-if-empty oc adm certificate approve

Some Operators might not become available until some CSRs are approved.

Now that your client requests are approved, you must review the server requests for each machine that you added to the cluster:

$ oc get csr

Example output

NAME        AGE     REQUESTOR                                                                   CONDITION
csr-bfd72   5m26s   system:node:ip-10-0-50-126.us-east-2.compute.internal                       Pending
csr-c57lv   5m26s   system:node:ip-10-0-95-157.us-east-2.compute.internal                       Pending
...

If the remaining CSRs are not approved, and are in the Pending status, approve the CSRs for your cluster machines:
- To approve them individually, run the following command for each valid CSR:
```
$ oc adm certificate approve <csr_name> (1)
```
  1 <csr_name> is the name of a CSR from the list of current CSRs.
- To approve all pending CSRs, run the following command:
```
$ oc get csr -o go-template='{{range .items}}{{if not .status}}{{.metadata.name}}{{"\n"}}{{end}}{{end}}' | xargs oc adm certificate approve
```

After all client and server CSRs have been approved, the machines have the Ready status. Verify this by running the following command:

$ oc get nodes

Example output

NAME      STATUS    ROLES   AGE  VERSION
master-0  Ready     master  73m  v1.26.0
master-1  Ready     master  73m  v1.26.0
master-2  Ready     master  74m  v1.26.0
worker-0  Ready     worker  11m  v1.26.0
worker-1  Ready     worker  11m  v1.26.0

It can take a few minutes after approval of the server CSRs for the machines to transition to the Ready status.

Additional information

For more information on CSRs, see Certificate Signing Requests.

Initial Operator configuration

After the control plane initializes, you must immediately configure some Operators so that they all become available.

Prerequisites

Your control plane has initialized.

Procedure

Watch the cluster components come online:

$ watch -n5 oc get clusteroperators

Example output

NAME                                       VERSION   AVAILABLE   PROGRESSING   DEGRADED   SINCE
authentication                             4.13.0    True        False         False      19m
baremetal                                  4.13.0    True        False         False      37m
cloud-credential                           4.13.0    True        False         False      40m
cluster-autoscaler                         4.13.0    True        False         False      37m
config-operator                            4.13.0    True        False         False      38m
console                                    4.13.0    True        False         False      26m
csi-snapshot-controller                    4.13.0    True        False         False      37m
dns                                        4.13.0    True        False         False      37m
etcd                                       4.13.0    True        False         False      36m
image-registry                             4.13.0    True        False         False      31m
ingress                                    4.13.0    True        False         False      30m
insights                                   4.13.0    True        False         False      31m
kube-apiserver                             4.13.0    True        False         False      26m
kube-controller-manager                    4.13.0    True        False         False      36m
kube-scheduler                             4.13.0    True        False         False      36m
kube-storage-version-migrator              4.13.0    True        False         False      37m
machine-api                                4.13.0    True        False         False      29m
machine-approver                           4.13.0    True        False         False      37m
machine-config                             4.13.0    True        False         False      36m
marketplace                                4.13.0    True        False         False      37m
monitoring                                 4.13.0    True        False         False      29m
network                                    4.13.0    True        False         False      38m
node-tuning                                4.13.0    True        False         False      37m
openshift-apiserver                        4.13.0    True        False         False      32m
openshift-controller-manager               4.13.0    True        False         False      30m
openshift-samples                          4.13.0    True        False         False      32m
operator-lifecycle-manager                 4.13.0    True        False         False      37m
operator-lifecycle-manager-catalog         4.13.0    True        False         False      37m
operator-lifecycle-manager-packageserver   4.13.0    True        False         False      32m
service-ca                                 4.13.0    True        False         False      38m
storage                                    4.13.0    True        False         False      37m

Configure the Operators that are not available.

Image registry storage configuration

Amazon Web Services provides default storage, which means the Image Registry Operator is available after installation. However, if the Registry Operator cannot create an S3 bucket and automatically configure storage, you must manually configure registry storage.

Instructions are shown for configuring a persistent volume, which is required for production clusters. Where applicable, instructions are shown for configuring an empty directory as the storage location, which is available for only non-production clusters.

Additional instructions are provided for allowing the image registry to use block storage types by using the Recreate rollout strategy during upgrades.

You can configure registry storage for user-provisioned infrastructure in AWS to deploy OKD to hidden regions. See Configuring the registry for AWS user-provisioned infrastructure for more information.

Configuring registry storage for AWS with user-provisioned infrastructure

During installation, your cloud credentials are sufficient to create an Amazon S3 bucket and the Registry Operator will automatically configure storage.

If the Registry Operator cannot create an S3 bucket and automatically configure storage, you can create an S3 bucket and configure storage with the following procedure.

Prerequisites

You have a cluster on AWS with user-provisioned infrastructure.
For Amazon S3 storage, the secret is expected to contain two keys:
- REGISTRY_STORAGE_S3_ACCESSKEY
- REGISTRY_STORAGE_S3_SECRETKEY

Procedure

Use the following procedure if the Registry Operator cannot create an S3 bucket and automatically configure storage.

Set up a Bucket Lifecycle Policy to abort incomplete multipart uploads that are one day old.

Fill in the storage configuration in configs.imageregistry.operator.openshift.io/cluster:

$ oc edit configs.imageregistry.operator.openshift.io/cluster

Example configuration

storage:
  s3:
    bucket: <bucket-name>
    region: <region-name>

To secure your registry images in AWS, block public access to the S3 bucket.

Configuring storage for the image registry in non-production clusters

You must configure storage for the Image Registry Operator. For non-production clusters, you can set the image registry to an empty directory. If you do so, all images are lost if you restart the registry.

Procedure

To set the image registry storage to an empty directory:
```
$ oc patch configs.imageregistry.operator.openshift.io cluster --type merge --patch '{"spec":{"storage":{"emptyDir":{}}}}'
```
Configure this option for only non-production clusters.

If you run this command before the Image Registry Operator initializes its components, the oc patch command fails with the following error:
```
Error from server (NotFound): configs.imageregistry.operator.openshift.io "cluster" not found
```
Wait a few minutes and run the command again.

Deleting the bootstrap resources

After you complete the initial Operator configuration for the cluster, remove the bootstrap resources from Amazon Web Services (AWS).

Prerequisites

You completed the initial Operator configuration for your cluster.

Procedure

Delete the bootstrap resources. If you used the CloudFormation template, delete its stack:
- Delete the stack by using the AWS CLI:
```
$ aws cloudformation delete-stack --stack-name <name> (1)
```
  1 <name> is the name of your bootstrap stack.
- Delete the stack by using the AWS CloudFormation console.

Creating the Ingress DNS Records

If you removed the DNS Zone configuration, manually create DNS records that point to the Ingress load balancer. You can create either a wildcard record or specific records. While the following procedure uses A records, you can use other record types that you require, such as CNAME or alias.

Prerequisites

You deployed an OKD cluster on Amazon Web Services (AWS) that uses infrastructure that you provisioned.
You installed the OpenShift CLI (oc).
You installed the jq package.
You downloaded the AWS CLI and installed it on your computer. See Install the AWS CLI Using the Bundled Installer (Linux, macOS, or Unix).

Procedure

Determine the routes to create.

To create a wildcard record, use *.apps.<cluster_name>.<domain_name>, where <cluster_name> is your cluster name, and <domain_name> is the Route 53 base domain for your OKD cluster.

To create specific records, you must create a record for each route that your cluster uses, as shown in the output of the following command:

$ oc get --all-namespaces -o jsonpath='{range .items[*]}{range .status.ingress[*]}{.host}{"\n"}{end}{end}' routes

Example output

oauth-openshift.apps.<cluster_name>.<domain_name>
console-openshift-console.apps.<cluster_name>.<domain_name>
downloads-openshift-console.apps.<cluster_name>.<domain_name>
alertmanager-main-openshift-monitoring.apps.<cluster_name>.<domain_name>
prometheus-k8s-openshift-monitoring.apps.<cluster_name>.<domain_name>

Retrieve the Ingress Operator load balancer status and note the value of the external IP address that it uses, which is shown in the EXTERNAL-IP column:

$ oc -n openshift-ingress get service router-default

Example output

NAME             TYPE           CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP                            PORT(S)                      AGE
router-default   LoadBalancer   172.30.62.215   ab3...28.us-east-2.elb.amazonaws.com   80:31499/TCP,443:30693/TCP   5m

Locate the hosted zone ID for the load balancer:
```
$ aws elb describe-load-balancers | jq -r '.LoadBalancerDescriptions[] | select(.DNSName == "<external_ip>").CanonicalHostedZoneNameID' (1)
```
1 For <external_ip>, specify the value of the external IP address of the Ingress Operator load balancer that you obtained.

Example output
```
Z3AADJGX6KTTL2
```
The output of this command is the load balancer hosted zone ID.
Obtain the public hosted zone ID for your cluster’s domain:
```
$ aws route53 list-hosted-zones-by-name \
            --dns-name "<domain_name>" \ (1)
            --query 'HostedZones[? Config.PrivateZone != `true` && Name == `<domain_name>.`].Id' (1)
            --output text
```
1 For <domain_name>, specify the Route 53 base domain for your OKD cluster.

Example output
```
/hostedzone/Z3URY6TWQ91KVV
```
The public hosted zone ID for your domain is shown in the command output. In this example, it is Z3URY6TWQ91KVV.

Add the alias records to your private zone:

$ aws route53 change-resource-record-sets --hosted-zone-id "<private_hosted_zone_id>" --change-batch '{ (1)
>   "Changes": [
>     {
>       "Action": "CREATE",
>       "ResourceRecordSet": {
>         "Name": "\\052.apps.<cluster_domain>", (2)
>         "Type": "A",
>         "AliasTarget":{
>           "HostedZoneId": "<hosted_zone_id>", (3)
>           "DNSName": "<external_ip>.", (4)
>           "EvaluateTargetHealth": false
>         }
>       }
>     }
>   ]
> }'

1	For `<private_hosted_zone_id>`, specify the value from the output of the CloudFormation template for DNS and load balancing.
2	For `<cluster_domain>`, specify the domain or subdomain that you use with your OKD cluster.
3	For `<hosted_zone_id>`, specify the public hosted zone ID for the load balancer that you obtained.
4	For `<external_ip>`, specify the value of the external IP address of the Ingress Operator load balancer. Ensure that you include the trailing period (`.`) in this parameter value.

Add the records to your public zone:

$ aws route53 change-resource-record-sets --hosted-zone-id "<public_hosted_zone_id>"" --change-batch '{ (1)
>   "Changes": [
>     {
>       "Action": "CREATE",
>       "ResourceRecordSet": {
>         "Name": "\\052.apps.<cluster_domain>", (2)
>         "Type": "A",
>         "AliasTarget":{
>           "HostedZoneId": "<hosted_zone_id>", (3)
>           "DNSName": "<external_ip>.", (4)
>           "EvaluateTargetHealth": false
>         }
>       }
>     }
>   ]
> }'

1	For `<public_hosted_zone_id>`, specify the public hosted zone for your domain.
2	For `<cluster_domain>`, specify the domain or subdomain that you use with your OKD cluster.
3	For `<hosted_zone_id>`, specify the public hosted zone ID for the load balancer that you obtained.
4	For `<external_ip>`, specify the value of the external IP address of the Ingress Operator load balancer. Ensure that you include the trailing period (`.`) in this parameter value.

Completing an AWS installation on user-provisioned infrastructure

After you start the OKD installation on Amazon Web Service (AWS) user-provisioned infrastructure, monitor the deployment to completion.

Prerequisites

You removed the bootstrap node for an OKD cluster on user-provisioned AWS infrastructure.
You installed the oc CLI.

Procedure

From the directory that contains the installation program, complete the cluster installation:

$ ./openshift-install --dir <installation_directory> wait-for install-complete (1)

1	For `<installation_directory>`, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.

Example output

INFO Waiting up to 40m0s for the cluster at https://api.mycluster.example.com:6443 to initialize...
INFO Waiting up to 10m0s for the openshift-console route to be created...
INFO Install complete!
INFO To access the cluster as the system:admin user when using 'oc', run 'export KUBECONFIG=/home/myuser/install_dir/auth/kubeconfig'
INFO Access the OpenShift web-console here: https://console-openshift-console.apps.mycluster.example.com
INFO Login to the console with user: "kubeadmin", and password: "4vYBz-Fe5en-ymBEc-Wt6NL"
INFO Time elapsed: 1s

The Ignition config files that the installation program generates contain certificates that expire after 24 hours, which are then renewed at that time. If the cluster is shut down before renewing the certificates and the cluster is later restarted after the 24 hours have elapsed, the cluster automatically recovers the expired certificates. The exception is that you must manually approve the pending node-bootstrapper certificate signing requests (CSRs) to recover kubelet certificates. See the documentation for Recovering from expired control plane certificates for more information.
It is recommended that you use Ignition config files within 12 hours after they are generated because the 24-hour certificate rotates from 16 to 22 hours after the cluster is installed. By using the Ignition config files within 12 hours, you can avoid installation failure if the certificate update runs during installation.

Logging in to the cluster by using the web console

The kubeadmin user exists by default after an OKD installation. You can log in to your cluster as the kubeadmin user by using the OKD web console.

Prerequisites

You have access to the installation host.
You completed a cluster installation and all cluster Operators are available.

Procedure

Obtain the password for the kubeadmin user from the kubeadmin-password file on the installation host:
```
$ cat <installation_directory>/auth/kubeadmin-password
```
Alternatively, you can obtain the kubeadmin password from the <installation_directory>/.openshift_install.log log file on the installation host.

List the OKD web console route:

$ oc get routes -n openshift-console | grep 'console-openshift'

Alternatively, you can obtain the OKD route from the <installation_directory>/.openshift_install.log log file on the installation host.

Example output

console     console-openshift-console.apps.<cluster_name>.<base_domain>            console     https   reencrypt/Redirect   None

Navigate to the route detailed in the output of the preceding command in a web browser and log in as the kubeadmin user.

Additional resources

See Accessing the web console for more details about accessing and understanding the OKD web console.

Additional resources

See About remote health monitoring for more information about the Telemetry service.

Additional resources

See Working with stacks in the AWS documentation for more information about AWS CloudFormation stacks.

Next steps

Validating an installation.
Customize your cluster.
If necessary, you can opt out of remote health reporting.
If necessary, you can remove cloud provider credentials.

`VpcId`	The ID of your VPC.
`PublicSubnetIds`	The IDs of the new public subnets.
`PrivateSubnetIds`	The IDs of the new private subnets.

`MasterSecurityGroupId`	Master Security Group ID
`WorkerSecurityGroupId`	Worker Security Group ID
`MasterInstanceProfile`	Master IAM Instance Profile
`WorkerInstanceProfile`	Worker IAM Instance Profile

`BootstrapInstanceId`	The bootstrap Instance ID.
`BootstrapPublicIp`	The bootstrap node public IP address.
`BootstrapPrivateIp`	The bootstrap node private IP address.

1	For `<installation_directory>`, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.
2	To view different installation details, specify `warn`, `debug`, or `error` instead of `info`.

Installing a cluster on AWS using CloudFormation templates

Installing a cluster on user-provisioned infrastructure in AWS by using CloudFormation templates

Prerequisites

Requirements for a cluster with user-provisioned infrastructure

Required machines for cluster installation

Minimum resource requirements for cluster installation

Tested instance types for AWS

Tested instance types for AWS ARM

Certificate signing requests management

Supported AWS machine types

Required AWS infrastructure components

Other infrastructure components

Option 1: Create VPC endpoints

Option 2: Create a proxy without VPC endpoints

Option 3: Create a proxy with VPC endpoints

Cluster machines

Required AWS permissions for the IAM user

Obtaining an AWS Marketplace image

Obtaining the installation program

Generating a key pair for cluster node SSH access

Creating the installation files for AWS

Optional: Creating a separate /var partition

Creating the installation configuration file

Configuring the cluster-wide proxy during installation

Creating the Kubernetes manifest and Ignition config files

Extracting the infrastructure name

Creating a VPC in AWS

CloudFormation template for the VPC

Creating networking and load balancing components in AWS

CloudFormation template for the network and load balancers

Creating security group and roles in AWS

CloudFormation template for security objects

Accessing FCOS AMIs with stream metadata

FCOS AMIs for the AWS infrastructure

AWS regions without a published FCOS AMI

Uploading a custom FCOS AMI in AWS

Creating the bootstrap node in AWS

CloudFormation template for the bootstrap machine

Creating the control plane machines in AWS

CloudFormation template for control plane machines

Creating the worker nodes in AWS

CloudFormation template for worker machines

Initializing the bootstrap sequence on AWS with user-provisioned infrastructure

Installing the OpenShift CLI by downloading the binary

Installing the OpenShift CLI on Linux

Installing the OpenShift CLI on Windows

Installing the OpenShift CLI on macOS

Logging in to the cluster by using the CLI

Approving the certificate signing requests for your machines

Initial Operator configuration

Image registry storage configuration

Configuring registry storage for AWS with user-provisioned infrastructure

Configuring storage for the image registry in non-production clusters

Deleting the bootstrap resources

Creating the Ingress DNS Records

Completing an AWS installation on user-provisioned infrastructure

Logging in to the cluster by using the web console

Additional resources

Next steps

Optional: Creating a separate `/var` partition