描述
该语句用于修改表中的字段值。
格式
UPDATE [hint_options] dml_table_clause
SET update_asgn_list
[WHERE where_condition]
[{ RETURNING | RETURN } returning_exprs [into_clause]]
dml_table_clause:
dml_table_name opt_table_alias
update_asgn_list:
column_name = expr [, ...]
where_condition:
expression
returning_exprs:
projection [, ...]
into_clause:
{ INTO into_var_list | BULK COLLECT INTO into_var_list}
into_var_list:
{ USER_VARIABLE | ref_name } [, ...]
参数解释
参数 | 描述 |
hint_options | 指定 hint 选项。 |
dml_table_clause | 指定修改的表名(基表、可更新视图、特殊子查询) |
where_condition | 指定过滤条件。 |
update_asgn_list | 指定更新列表。 |
returning_exprs | 返回修改数据后的投影列。 |
into_clause | 将修改数据后的投影列插入到指定列表 |
注意:
特殊子查询指的类似于可更新视图对应的子查询,这类子查询不应该包含复杂的算子(比如group by/distinct/window function等等)
示例
创建示例表 t1 和 t2。
OceanBase(admin@test)>create table t1(c1 int primary key, c2 int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.16 sec)
OceanBase(admin@test)>select * from t1;
+----+------+
| c1 | c2 |
+----+------+
| 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 2 |
| 3 | 3 |
| 4 | 4 |
+----+------+
4 rows in set (0.06 sec)
- 单表更新:将表 t1 中 “t1.c1=1” 对应的那一行数据的 c2 列值修改为 100。
OceanBase(admin@test)>update t1 set t1.c2 = 100 where t1.c1 = 1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
OceanBase(admin@test)>select * from t1;
+----+------+
| c1 | c2 |
+----+------+
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 2 |
| 3 | 3 |
| 4 | 4 |
+----+------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
- 单表更新:直接操作子查询,将子查询 中 “v.c1=1” 对应的那一行数据的 c2 列值修改为 100。
OceanBase(admin@test)>update (select * from t1)v set v.c2 = 100 where v.c1 = 1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
OceanBase(admin@test)>select * from t1;
+----+------+
| C1 | C2 |
+----+------+
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 2 |
| 3 | 3 |
| 4 | 4 |
+----+------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
- 单表更新:包含 returning 子句。
OceanBase(admin@test)>update t1 set t1.c2 = 100 where t1.c1 = 1 returning c2;
+------+
| C2 |
+------+
| 100 |
+------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
OceanBase(admin@test)>select * from t1;
+----+------+
| C1 | C2 |
+----+------+
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 2 |
| 3 | 3 |
| 4 | 4 |
+----+------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)