AWS: S3+Cloudfront 部署

如何在 AWS 上部署 S3 和 Cloudfront

AWS 是 Amazon Web Services。 S3 是他们的静态存储，可以配置为静态站点托管。 Cloudfront 是他们的 CDN（内容分发网络）

在 AWS w / S3 + Cloudfront 上托管静态页面的 Nuxt 应用程序功能强大且价格低廉。

如果我们错过了一个步骤，请提交 PR 以更新此文档。

概览

我们将通过一些 AWS 服务托管超级便宜：

  • S3
    • 云数据”bucket”为我们的网站文件
    • 可以配置为托管静态网站
  • CloudFront
    • CDN（内容分发网络）
    • 提供免费的 HTTPS 证书
    • 使您的网站加载速度更快

我们会像这样推送网站：

  1. Nuxt Generate -> Local folder -> AWS S3 Bucket -> AWS Cloudfront CDN -> Browser
  2.   [      nuxt generate       ]    [         gulp deploy          ]
  3.   [                         deploy.sh                            ]

首先，我们将使用nuxt generate生成网站。然后，我们将使用 Gulp 将文件发布到 S3 存储桶并使 CouldFront CDN 生效。

我们的部署脚本需要设置以下环境变量：

  • AWS_BUCKET_NAME=”example.com”
  • AWS_CLOUDFRONT=”UPPERCASE”
  • AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=”key”
  • AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=”secret”

我们将有这些文件：

  1. deploy.sh       -  run `nuxt generate` and `gulp deploy`
  2. gulpfile.js     -  `gulp deploy` code to push files to S3 and invalidate CloudFront

设置它

  1. 创建一个 S3 bucket 并将其配置为静态站点托管
  2. 创建云端分发
  3. 配置安全访问
  4. 在项目中设置构建脚本

1. AWS: 设置你的 S3 bucket

2. AWS: 设置你的 Cloudfront 分配

对于步骤 1 和 2，请按照此步骤操作 设置 S3 和 Cloudfront 的教程

您现在应该拥有以下数据：

  • AWS_BUCKET_NAME=”example.com”
  • AWS_CLOUDFRONT=”UPPERCASE”

3. AWS: 配置安全访问

对于第 3 步，我们需要创建：

  • 更新 bucket 内容
  • 使云端分发生效（更快地将更改传播给用户）

使用此策略创建程序化用户:

注意：用下面的 S3 bucket 名称替换 2x example.com。 此策略允许推送到指定的存储桶，并使任何云端分发生效。

  1. {
  2.   "Version": "2012-10-17",
  3.   "Statement": [
  4.     {
  5.       "Effect": "Allow",
  6.       "Action": ["s3:ListBucket"],
  7.       "Resource": ["arn:aws:s3:::example.com"]
  8.     },
  9.     {
  10.       "Effect": "Allow",
  11.       "Action": [
  12.         "s3:PutObject",
  13.         "s3:PutObjectAcl",
  14.         "s3:GetObject",
  15.         "s3:GetObjectAcl",
  16.         "s3:DeleteObject",
  17.         "s3:ListMultipartUploadParts",
  18.         "s3:AbortMultipartUpload"
  19.       ],
  20.       "Resource": ["arn:aws:s3:::example.com/*"]
  21.     },
  22.     {
  23.       "Effect": "Allow",
  24.       "Action": [
  25.         "cloudfront:CreateInvalidation",
  26.         "cloudfront:GetInvalidation",
  27.         "cloudfront:ListInvalidations",
  28.         "cloudfront:UnknownOperation"
  29.       ],
  30.       "Resource": "*"
  31.     }
  32.   ]
  33. }

获取访问密钥和密钥.

您现在应该拥有以下数据：

  • AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=”key”
  • AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=”secret”

4. Laptop: 设置项目的构建脚本

4.1) 创建一个deploy.sh脚本。 参考 nvm (node version manager).

  1. #!/bin/bash
  3. export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID="key"
  4. export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY="secret"
  5. export AWS_BUCKET_NAME="example.com"
  6. export AWS_CLOUDFRONT="UPPERCASE"
  8. # Load nvm (node version manager), install node (version in .nvmrc), and npm install packages
  9. [ -s "$HOME/.nvm/nvm.sh" ] && source "$HOME/.nvm/nvm.sh" && nvm use
  10. # Npm install if not already.
  11. [ ! -d "node_modules" ] && npm install
  13. npm run generate
  14. gulp deploy

4.2) 使deploy.sh可运行，不要检查进入 GIT（deploy.sh 中有隐私）

  1. chmod +x deploy.sh
  2. echo "
  3. # Don't commit build files
  4. node_modules
  5. dist
  6. .nuxt
  7. .awspublish
  8. deploy.sh
  9. " >> .gitignore

4.3) 将 Gulp 添加到项目和命令行

  1. npm install --save-dev gulp gulp-awspublish gulp-cloudfront-invalidate-aws-publish concurrent-transform
  2. npm install -g gulp

4.4) 使用构建脚本创建gulpfile.js

  1. const gulp = require('gulp')
  2. const awspublish = require('gulp-awspublish')
  3. const cloudfront = require('gulp-cloudfront-invalidate-aws-publish')
  4. const parallelize = require('concurrent-transform')
  6. // https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/userguide/cli-environment.html
  8. const config = {
  9.   // Required
  10.   params: { Bucket: process.env.AWS_BUCKET_NAME },
  11.   accessKeyId: process.env.AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID,
  12.   secretAccessKey: process.env.AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY,
  14.   // Optional
  15.   deleteOldVersions: false, // NOT FOR PRODUCTION
  16.   distribution: process.env.AWS_CLOUDFRONT, // Cloudfront distribution ID
  17.   region: process.env.AWS_DEFAULT_REGION,
  18.   headers: {
  19.     /* 'Cache-Control': 'max-age=315360000, no-transform, public', */
  20.   },
  22.   // Sensible Defaults - gitignore these Files and Dirs
  23.   distDir: 'dist',
  24.   indexRootPath: true,
  25.   cacheFileName: '.awspublish',
  26.   concurrentUploads: 10,
  27.   wait: true // wait for Cloudfront invalidation to complete (about 30-60 seconds)
  28. }
  30. gulp.task('deploy', function () {
  31.   // create a new publisher using S3 options
  32.   // http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSJavaScriptSDK/latest/AWS/S3.html#constructor-property
  33.   const publisher = awspublish.create(config, config)
  35.   let g = gulp.src('./' + config.distDir + '/**')
  36.   // publisher will add Content-Length, Content-Type and headers specified above
  37.   // If not specified it will set x-amz-acl to public-read by default
  38.   g = g.pipe(
  39.     parallelize(publisher.publish(config.headers), config.concurrentUploads)
  40.   )
  42.   // Invalidate CDN
  43.   if (config.distribution) {
  44.     console.log('Configured with Cloudfront distribution')
  45.     g = g.pipe(cloudfront(config))
  46.   } else {
  47.     console.log(
  48.       'No Cloudfront distribution configured - skipping CDN invalidation'
  49.     )
  50.   }
  52.   // Delete removed files
  53.   if (config.deleteOldVersions) {
  54.     g = g.pipe(publisher.sync())
  55.   }
  56.   // create a cache file to speed up consecutive uploads
  57.   g = g.pipe(publisher.cache())
  58.   // print upload updates to console
  59.   g = g.pipe(awspublish.reporter())
  60.   return g
  61. })

4.5) 部署和调试

运行：

  1. ./deploy.sh

您应该得到类似于此的输出：

  1. $ ./deploy.sh
  3. Found '/home/michael/scm/example.com/www/.nvmrc' with version <8>
  4. Now using node v8.11.2 (npm v5.6.0)
  6. > example.com@1.0.0 generate /home/michael/scm/example.com/www
  7. > nuxt generate
  9.   nuxt:generate Generating... +0ms
  10.   nuxt:build App root: /home/michael/scm/example.com/www +0ms
  11.   nuxt:build Generating /home/michael/scm/example.com/www/.nuxt files... +0ms
  12.   nuxt:build Generating files... +36ms
  13.   nuxt:build Generating routes... +10ms
  14.   nuxt:build Building files... +24ms
  15.   ████████████████████ 100%
  17. Build completed in 7.009s
  21.  DONE  Compiled successfully in 7013ms                                                                                                                                     21:25:22
  23. Hash: 421d017116d2d95dd1e3
  24. Version: webpack 3.12.0
  25. Time: 7013ms
  26.                                    Asset     Size  Chunks             Chunk Names
  27.      pages/index.ef923f795c1cecc9a444.js  10.6 kB       0  [emitted]  pages/index
  28.  layouts/default.87a49937c330bdd31953.js  2.69 kB       1  [emitted]  layouts/default
  29. pages/our-values.f60c731d5c3081769fd9.js  3.03 kB       2  [emitted]  pages/our-values
  30.    pages/join-us.835077c4e6b55ed1bba4.js   1.3 kB       3  [emitted]  pages/join-us
  31.        pages/how.75f8cb5bc24e38bca3b3.js  2.59 kB       4  [emitted]  pages/how
  32.              app.6dbffe6ac4383bd30a92.js   202 kB       5  [emitted]  app
  33.           vendor.134043c361c9ad199c6d.js  6.31 kB       6  [emitted]  vendor
  34.         manifest.421d017116d2d95dd1e3.js  1.59 kB       7  [emitted]  manifest
  35.  + 3 hidden assets
  36. Hash: 9fd206f4b4e571e9571f
  37. Version: webpack 3.12.0
  38. Time: 2239ms
  39.              Asset    Size  Chunks             Chunk Names
  40. server-bundle.json  306 kB          [emitted]
  41.   nuxt: Call generate:distRemoved hooks (1) +0ms
  42.   nuxt:generate Destination folder cleaned +10s
  43.   nuxt: Call generate:distCopied hooks (1) +8ms
  44.   nuxt:generate Static & build files copied +7ms
  45.   nuxt:render Rendering url /our-values +0ms
  46.   nuxt:render Rendering url /how +67ms
  47.   nuxt:render Rendering url /join-us +1ms
  48.   nuxt:render Rendering url / +0ms
  49.   nuxt: Call generate:page hooks (1) +913ms
  50.   nuxt: Call generate:page hooks (1) +205ms
  51.   nuxt: Call generate:page hooks (1) +329ms
  52.   nuxt: Call generate:page hooks (1) +361ms
  53.   nuxt:generate Generate file: /our-values/index.html +2s
  54.   nuxt:generate Generate file: /how/index.html +0ms
  55.   nuxt:generate Generate file: /join-us/index.html +0ms
  56.   nuxt:generate Generate file: /index.html +0ms
  57.   nuxt:render Rendering url / +2s
  58.   nuxt: Call generate:done hooks (1) +4ms
  59.   nuxt:generate HTML Files generated in 11.8s +5ms
  60.   nuxt:generate Generate done +0ms
  61. [21:25:27] Using gulpfile ~/scm/example.com/www/gulpfile.js
  62. [21:25:27] Starting 'deploy'...
  63. Configured with Cloudfront distribution
  64. [21:25:27] [cache]  README.md
  65. [21:25:27] [cache]  android-chrome-192x192.png
  66. [21:25:27] [cache]  android-chrome-512x512.png
  67. [21:25:27] [cache]  apple-touch-icon.png
  68. [21:25:27] [cache]  browserconfig.xml
  69. [21:25:27] [cache]  favicon-16x16.png
  70. [21:25:27] [cache]  favicon-32x32.png
  71. [21:25:27] [cache]  favicon.ico
  72. [21:25:27] [cache]  favicon.svg
  73. [21:25:27] [cache]  logo-branches.svg
  74. [21:25:27] [cache]  logo-small.svg
  75. [21:25:27] [cache]  logo.svg
  76. [21:25:27] [cache]  mstile-150x150.png
  77. [21:25:27] [cache]  og-image.jpg
  78. [21:25:27] [cache]  safari-pinned-tab.svg
  79. [21:25:27] [cache]  site.webmanifest
  80. [21:25:28] [create] _nuxt/manifest.421d017116d2d95dd1e3.js
  81. [21:25:29] [update] 200.html
  82. [21:25:30] [create] videos/flag.jpg
  83. [21:25:30] [create] _nuxt/vendor.134043c361c9ad199c6d.js
  84. [21:25:34] [create] videos/flag.mp4
  85. [21:25:34] [cache]  _nuxt/pages/how.75f8cb5bc24e38bca3b3.js
  86. [21:25:34] [cache]  _nuxt/pages/join-us.835077c4e6b55ed1bba4.js
  87. [21:25:34] [cache]  _nuxt/pages/our-values.f60c731d5c3081769fd9.js
  88. [21:25:36] [update] our-values/index.html
  89. [21:25:36] [create] _nuxt/layouts/default.87a49937c330bdd31953.js
  90. [21:25:36] [create] _nuxt/app.6dbffe6ac4383bd30a92.js
  91. [21:25:37] [create] _nuxt/pages/index.ef923f795c1cecc9a444.js
  92. [21:25:38] [update] join-us/index.html
  93. [21:25:38] [update] how/index.html
  94. [21:25:43] [create] videos/flag.webm
  95. [21:25:43] [update] index.html
  96. [21:25:43] Cloudfront invalidation created: I16NXXXXX4JDOA
  97. [21:26:09] Finished 'deploy' after 42 s

请注意，创建的Cloudfront invalidation created: XXXX是来自 cloudfront invalidation npm 包的唯一输出。 如果你没有看到，它就不起作用了。