编译安装完nginx后，默认情况下，你是不能像用命令行apt-get那样生成启动脚本的，也就是放在/etc/init.d上的脚本，要自己创建。

1. 复制一个启动脚本

创建一个文件/etc/init.d/nginx。

内容如下：

  1. #!/bin/sh
  3. ### BEGIN INIT INFO
  4. # Provides:      nginx
  5. # Required-Start:    $local_fs $remote_fs $network $syslog $named
  6. # Required-Stop:     $local_fs $remote_fs $network $syslog $named
  7. # Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
  8. # Default-Stop:      0 1 6
  9. # Short-Description: starts the nginx web server
  10. # Description:       starts nginx using start-stop-daemon
  11. ### END INIT INFO
  13. PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
  14. DAEMON=/usr/sbin/nginx
  15. NAME=nginx
  16. DESC=nginx
  18. # Include nginx defaults if available
  19. if [ -r /etc/default/nginx ]; then
  20.     . /etc/default/nginx
  21. fi
  23. test -x $DAEMON || exit 0
  25. . /lib/init/vars.sh
  26. . /lib/lsb/init-functions
  28. # Try to extract nginx pidfile
  29. PID=$(cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf | grep -Ev '^\s*#' | awk 'BEGIN { RS="[;{}]" } { if ($1 == "pid") print $2 }' | head -n1)
  30. if [ -z "$PID" ]
  31. then
  32.     PID=/run/nginx.pid
  33. fi
  35. # Check if the ULIMIT is set in /etc/default/nginx
  36. if [ -n "$ULIMIT" ]; then
  37.     # Set the ulimits
  38.     ulimit $ULIMIT
  39. fi
  41. #
  42. # Function that starts the daemon/service
  43. #
  44. do_start()
  45. {
  46.     # Return
  47.     #   0 if daemon has been started
  48.     #   1 if daemon was already running
  49.     #   2 if daemon could not be started
  50.     start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PID --exec $DAEMON --test > /dev/null \
  51.         || return 1
  52.     start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PID --exec $DAEMON -- \
  53.         $DAEMON_OPTS 2>/dev/null \
  54.         || return 2
  55. }
  57. test_nginx_config() {
  58.     $DAEMON -t $DAEMON_OPTS >/dev/null 2>&1
  59. }
  61. #
  62. # Function that stops the daemon/service
  63. #
  64. do_stop()
  65. {
  66.     # Return
  67.     #   0 if daemon has been stopped
  68.     #   1 if daemon was already stopped
  69.     #   2 if daemon could not be stopped
  70.     #   other if a failure occurred
  71.     start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --retry=TERM/30/KILL/5 --pidfile $PID --name $NAME
  72.     RETVAL="$?"
  74.     sleep 1
  75.     return "$RETVAL"
  76. }
  78. #
  79. # Function that sends a SIGHUP to the daemon/service
  80. #
  81. do_reload() {
  82.     start-stop-daemon --stop --signal HUP --quiet --pidfile $PID --name $NAME
  83.     return 0
  84. }
  86. #
  87. # Rotate log files
  88. #
  89. do_rotate() {
  90.     start-stop-daemon --stop --signal USR1 --quiet --pidfile $PID --name $NAME
  91.     return 0
  92. }
  94. #
  95. # Online upgrade nginx executable
  96. #
  97. # "Upgrading Executable on the Fly"
  98. # http://nginx.org/en/docs/control.html
  99. #
  100. do_upgrade() {
  101.     # Return
  102.     #   0 if nginx has been successfully upgraded
  103.     #   1 if nginx is not running
  104.     #   2 if the pid files were not created on time
  105.     #   3 if the old master could not be killed
  106.     if start-stop-daemon --stop --signal USR2 --quiet --pidfile $PID --name $NAME; then
  107.         # Wait for both old and new master to write their pid file
  108.         while [ ! -s "${PID}.oldbin" ] || [ ! -s "${PID}" ]; do
  109.             cnt=`expr $cnt + 1`
  110.             if [ $cnt -gt 10 ]; then
  111.                 return 2
  112.             fi
  113.             sleep 1
  114.         done
  115.         # Everything is ready, gracefully stop the old master
  116.         if start-stop-daemon --stop --signal QUIT --quiet --pidfile "${PID}.oldbin" --name $NAME; then
  117.             return 0
  118.         else
  119.             return 3
  120.         fi
  121.     else
  122.         return 1
  123.     fi
  124. }
  126. case "$1" in
  127.     start)
  128.         [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESC" "$NAME"
  129.         do_start
  130.         case "$?" in
  131.             0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;
  132.             2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;;
  133.         esac
  134.         ;;
  135.     stop)
  136.         [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESC" "$NAME"
  137.         do_stop
  138.         case "$?" in
  139.             0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;
  140.             2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;;
  141.         esac
  142.         ;;
  143.     restart)
  144.         log_daemon_msg "Restarting $DESC" "$NAME"
  146.         # Check configuration before stopping nginx
  147.         if ! test_nginx_config; then
  148.             log_end_msg 1 # Configuration error
  149.             exit 0
  150.         fi
  152.         do_stop
  153.         case "$?" in
  154.             0|1)
  155.                 do_start
  156.                 case "$?" in
  157.                     0) log_end_msg 0 ;;
  158.                     1) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Old process is still running
  159.                     *) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Failed to start
  160.                 esac
  161.                 ;;
  162.             *)
  163.                 # Failed to stop
  164.                 log_end_msg 1
  165.                 ;;
  166.         esac
  167.         ;;
  168.     reload|force-reload)
  169.         log_daemon_msg "Reloading $DESC configuration" "$NAME"
  171.         # Check configuration before reload nginx
  172.         #
  173.         # This is not entirely correct since the on-disk nginx binary
  174.         # may differ from the in-memory one, but that's not common.
  175.         # We prefer to check the configuration and return an error
  176.         # to the administrator.
  177.         if ! test_nginx_config; then
  178.             log_end_msg 1 # Configuration error
  179.             exit 0
  180.         fi
  182.         do_reload
  183.         log_end_msg $?
  184.         ;;
  185.     configtest|testconfig)
  186.         log_daemon_msg "Testing $DESC configuration"
  187.         test_nginx_config
  188.         log_end_msg $?
  189.         ;;
  190.     status)
  191.         status_of_proc -p $PID "$DAEMON" "$NAME" && exit 0 || exit $?
  192.         ;;
  193.     upgrade)
  194.         log_daemon_msg "Upgrading binary" "$NAME"
  195.         do_upgrade
  196.         log_end_msg 0
  197.         ;;
  198.     rotate)
  199.         log_daemon_msg "Re-opening $DESC log files" "$NAME"
  200.         do_rotate
  201.         log_end_msg $?
  202.         ;;
  203.     *)
  204.         echo "Usage: $NAME {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status|configtest|rotate|upgrade}" >&2
  205.         exit 3
  206.         ;;
  207. esac
  209. :

如果有发现路径不一样的地方改过来就好了。

然后执行下面的指令。

  1. $ sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx

可以按照下面的方法使用这个脚本。

  1. $ sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start
  2. $ sudo /etc/init.d/nginx stop
  3. $ sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart
  4. $ sudo /etc/init.d/nginx reload

or

  1. $ sudo service nginx start
  2. $ sudo service nginx stop
  3. $ sudo service nginx restart
  4. $ sudo service nginx reload

2. nginx-init-ubuntu

nginx-init-ubuntu这个库提供了nginx的启动脚本。

  1. $ sudo wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/JasonGiedymin/nginx-init-ubuntu/master/nginx -O /etc/init.d/nginx
  2. $ sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx

同样道理，根据编译的参数，可以自行更改变量。

  1. NGINXPATH=${NGINXPATH:-/usr}      # root path where installed
  2. DAEMON=${DAEMON:-$NGINXPATH/sbin/nginx}       # path to daemon binary
  3. NGINX_CONF_FILE=${NGINX_CONF_FILE:-/etc/nginx/nginx.conf} # config file path
  5. PIDNAME=${PIDNAME:-"nginx"}                   # lets you do $PS-slave
  6. PIDFILE=${PIDFILE:-$PIDNAME.pid}              # pid file
  7. PIDSPATH=${PIDSPATH:-/var/run}

3. 设置开机启动

如果是ubuntu系统，使用sysv-rc-conf这个工具来配置开机启动，这个工具类似于chkconfig。

安装。

  1. $ sudo apt-get install sysv-rc-conf

配置nginx在开机的时候启动。

  1. sudo sysv-rc-conf nginx on

查看nginx的运行等级的情况。

  1. $ sudo sysv-rc-conf --list nginx

完结。