$year (aggregation)

Definition

• $year
• Returns the year portion of a date.

The $year expression has the followingoperator expression syntax:

{ $year: <dateExpression> }

Changed in version 3.6.

The argument must be a valid expression that resolves to one of the following:

• A Date, aTimestamp,or an ObjectID.

• A document of the following form:

New in version 3.6.

{ date: <dateExpression>, timezone: <tzExpression> }

FieldDescriptiondateThe date to which the operator is applied.<dateExpression> must be a valid expression that resolves to aDate, aTimestamp,or an ObjectID.timezoneOptional. The timezone of the operation result.<tzExpression> must be a valid expression that resolves to a string formatted as eitheran Olson Timezone Identifier or aUTC Offset.If no timezone is provided, the result is displayed in UTC.

FormatExamplesOlson Timezone Identifier

"America/New_York"
"Europe/London"
"GMT"

UTC Offset

+/-[hh]:[mm], e.g. "+04:45"
+/-[hh][mm], e.g. "-0530"
+/-[hh], e.g. "+03"

Behavior

{ $year: new Date("2016-01-01") }

{ $year: { date: new Date("Jan 7, 2003") } }

{ $year: {    date: new Date("August 14, 2011"),    timezone: "America/Chicago"} }

{ $year: ISODate("1998-11-07T00:00:00Z") }

{ $year: {    date: ISODate("1998-11-07T00:00:00Z"),    timezone: "-0400"} }

{ $year: "March 28, 1976" }

{ $year: Date("2016-01-01") }

{ $year: "2009-04-09" }

Note

$year cannot take a string as an argument.

Example

Consider a sales collection with the following documents:

{
  "_id" : 1,
  "item" : "abc",
  "price" : 10,
  "quantity" : 2,
  "date" : ISODate("2014-01-01T08:15:39.736Z")
}

The following aggregation uses the $year and otherdate operators to break down the date field:

db.sales.aggregate(
   [
     {
       $project:
         {
           year: { $year: "$date" },
           month: { $month: "$date" },
           day: { $dayOfMonth: "$date" },
           hour: { $hour: "$date" },
           minutes: { $minute: "$date" },
           seconds: { $second: "$date" },
           milliseconds: { $millisecond: "$date" },
           dayOfYear: { $dayOfYear: "$date" },
           dayOfWeek: { $dayOfWeek: "$date" },
           week: { $week: "$date" }
         }
     }
   ]
)

The operation returns the following result:

{
  "_id" : 1,
  "year" : 2014,
  "month" : 1,
  "day" : 1,
  "hour" : 8,
  "minutes" : 15,
  "seconds" : 39,
  "milliseconds" : 736,
  "dayOfYear" : 1,
  "dayOfWeek" : 4,
  "week" : 0
}