关键字

本章介绍 MatrixOne 的关键字，在 MatrixOne 中对保留关键字和非保留关键字进行了分类，你在使用 SQL 语句时，可以查阅保留关键字和非保留关键字。

关键字是 SQL 语句中具有特殊含义的单词，例如 SELECT，UPDATE，DELETE 等等。

  • 保留关键字：关键字中需要经过特殊处理才能作为标识符的字，被称为保留关键字。

将保留关键字作为标识符使用时，必须使用反引号包裹，否则将产生报错：

  1. \\未将保留关键字 select 使用反引号包裹，产生报错
  2. mysql> CREATE TABLE select (a INT);
  3. ERROR 1064 (HY000): SQL parser error: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MatrixOne server version for the right syntax to use. syntax error at line 1 column 19 near " select (a INT)";
  5. \\正确将保留关键字 select 使用反引号包裹
  6. mysql> CREATE TABLE `select` (a INT);
  7. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
  • 非保留关键字：关键字中可以直接作为标识符，被称为非保留关键字。

将非保留关键字作为标识符使用时，可以直接使用，无需使用反引号包裹。

  1. \\BEGIN 未非保留关键字，可以无需使用反引号包裹
  2. mysql> CREATE TABLE `select` (BEGIN int);
  3. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

Note

与 MySQL 不同，在 MatrixOne 中，如果使用了限定符.，保留关键字如果不使用反引号包裹也会产生报错，建议在创建表和数据库时，避免使用保留关键字：

  1. mysql> CREATE TABLE test.select (BEGIN int);
  2. ERROR 1064 (HY000): SQL parser error: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MatrixOne server version for the right syntax to use. syntax error at line 1 column 24 near "select (BEGIN int)";

保留关键字

A

  • ADD
  • ADMIN_NAME
  • ALL
  • AND
  • AS
  • ASC
  • ASCII
  • AUTO_INCREMENT

B

  • BETWEEN
  • BINARY
  • BY

C

  • CASE
  • CHAR
  • CHARACTER
  • CHECK
  • COLLATE
  • COLLATION
  • CONVERT
  • COALESCE
  • COLUMN_NUMBER
  • CONSTRAINT
  • CREATE
  • CROSS
  • CURRENT
  • CURRENT_DATE
  • CURRENT_ROLE
  • CURRENT_USER
  • CURRENT_TIME
  • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
  • CIPHER

D

  • DATABASE
  • DATABASES
  • DECLARE
  • DEFAULT
  • DELAYED
  • DELETE
  • DESC
  • DESCRIBE
  • DISTINCT
  • DISTINCTROW
  • DIV
  • DROP

E

  • ELSE
  • ENCLOSED
  • END
  • ESCAPE
  • ESCAPED
  • EXCEPT
  • EXISTS
  • EXPLAIN

F

  • FALSE
  • FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
  • FIRST
  • FOLLOWING
  • FOR
  • FORCE
  • FOREIGN
  • FROM
  • FULLTEXT

G

  • GROUP
  • GROUPS

H

  • HAVING
  • HOUR
  • HIGH_PRIORITY

I

  • IDENTIFIED
  • IF
  • IGNORE
  • IMPORT
  • IN
  • INFILE
  • INDEX
  • INNER
  • INSERT
  • INTERVAL
  • INTO
  • INT1
  • INT2
  • INT3
  • INT4
  • INT8
  • IS
  • ISSUER

J

  • JOIN

K

  • KEY

L

  • LAST
  • LEADING
  • LEFT
  • LIKE
  • LIMIT
  • LINES
  • LOAD
  • LOCALTIME
  • LOCALTIMESTAMP
  • LOCK
  • LOCKS
  • LOW_PRIORITY

M

  • MATCH
  • MAXVALUE
  • MICROSECOND
  • MINUTE
  • MOD
  • MODUMP

N

  • NATURAL
  • NODE
  • NOT
  • NONE
  • NULL
  • NULLS

O

  • ON
  • OPTIONAL
  • OPTIONALLY
  • OR
  • ORDER
  • OUTER
  • OUTFILE
  • OVER

P

  • PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME
  • PARTITION
  • PRECEDING
  • PRIMARY

Q

  • QUICK

R

  • RANDOM
  • REGEXP
  • RENAME
  • REPLACE
  • RETURNS
  • REUSE
  • RIGHT
  • REQUIRE
  • REPEAT
  • ROW
  • ROWS
  • ROW_COUNT
  • REFERENCES
  • RECURSIVE
  • REVERSE

S

  • SAN
  • SECONDARY
  • SSL
  • SUBJECT
  • SCHEMA
  • SCHEMAS
  • SELECT
  • SECOND
  • SEPARATOR
  • SET
  • SHOW
  • SQL_SMALL_RESULT
  • SQL_BIG_RESULT
  • STRAIGHT_JOIN
  • STARTING
  • SUSPEND

T

  • TABLE
  • TABLE_NUMBER
  • TABLE_SIZE
  • TABLE_VALUES
  • TERMINATED
  • THEN
  • TO
  • TRAILING
  • TRUE
  • TRUNCATE

U

  • UNBOUNDED
  • UNION
  • UNIQUE
  • UPDATE
  • USE
  • USING
  • UTC_DATE
  • UTC_TIME
  • UTC_TIMESTAMP

V

  • VALUES

W

  • WHEN
  • WHERE
  • WEEK
  • WITH

非保留关键字

A

  • ACCOUNT
  • ACCOUNTS
  • AGAINST
  • AVG_ROW_LENGTH
  • AUTO_RANDOM
  • ATTRIBUTE
  • ACTION
  • ALGORITHM
  • ANY

B

  • BEGIN
  • BIGINT
  • BIT
  • BLOB
  • BOOL

C

  • CHAIN
  • CHECKSUM
  • CLUSTER
  • COMPRESSION
  • COMMENT_KEYWORD
  • COMMIT
  • COMMITTED
  • CHARSET
  • COLUMNS
  • CONNECTION
  • CONSISTENT
  • COMPRESSED
  • COMPACT
  • COLUMN_FORMAT
  • CASCADE

D

  • DATA
  • DATE
  • DATETIME
  • DECIMAL
  • DYNAMIC
  • DISK
  • DO
  • DOUBLE
  • DIRECTORY
  • DUPLICATE
  • DELAY_KEY_WRITE

E

  • ENUM
  • ENCRYPTION
  • ENFORCED
  • ENGINE
  • ENGINES
  • ERRORS
  • EXPANSION
  • EXPIRE
  • EXTENDED
  • EXTENSION
  • EXTERNAL

F

  • FORMAT
  • FLOAT_TYPE
  • FULL
  • FIXED
  • FIELDS
  • FORCE_QUOTE

G

  • GEOMETRY
  • GEOMETRYCOLLECTION
  • GLOBAL
  • GRANT

H

  • HASH
  • HEADER
  • HISTORY

I

  • INT
  • INTEGER
  • INDEXES
  • ISOLATION

J

  • JSON

K

  • KEY_BLOCK_SIZE
  • KEYS

L

  • LANGUAGE
  • LESS
  • LEVEL
  • LINESTRING
  • LINEAR
  • LIST
  • LONGBLOB
  • LONGTEXT
  • LOCAL
  • LOW_CARDINALITY

M

  • MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR
  • MAX_FILE_SIZE
  • MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR
  • MAX_ROWS
  • MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR
  • MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS
  • MEDIUMBLOB
  • MEDIUMINT
  • MEDIUMTEXT
  • MEMORY
  • MIN_ROWS
  • MODE
  • MONTH
  • MULTILINESTRING
  • MULTIPOINT
  • MULTIPOLYGON

N

  • NAMES
  • NCHAR
  • NUMERIC
  • NEVER
  • NO

O

  • OFFSET
  • ONLY
  • OPTIMIZE
  • OPEN
  • OPTION

P

  • PACK_KEYS
  • PASSWORD
  • PARTIAL
  • PARTITIONS
  • POINT
  • POLYGON
  • PROCEDURE
  • PROFILES
  • PROXY

Q

  • QUARTER
  • QUERY

R

  • ROLE
  • RANGE
  • READ
  • REAL
  • REORGANIZE
  • REDUNDANT
  • REPAIR
  • REPEATABLE
  • RELEASE
  • REVOKE
  • REPLICATION
  • ROW_FORMAT
  • ROLLBACK
  • RESTRICT

S

  • SESSION
  • SERIALIZABLE
  • SHARE
  • SIGNED
  • SMALLINT
  • SNAPSHOT
  • SOME
  • SPATIAL
  • START
  • STATUS
  • STORAGE
  • STREAM
  • STATS_AUTO_RECALC
  • STATS_PERSISTENT
  • STATS_SAMPLE_PAGES
  • SUBPARTITIONS
  • SUBPARTITION
  • SIMPLE
  • S3OPTION

T

  • TABLES
  • TEXT
  • THAN
  • TINYBLOB
  • TIME
  • TIMESTAMP
  • TINYINT
  • TINYTEXT
  • TRANSACTION
  • TRIGGER
  • TRIGGERS
  • TYPE

U

  • UNCOMMITTED
  • UNKNOWN
  • UNSIGNED
  • UNUSED
  • UNLOCK
  • URL
  • USER

V

  • VARBINARY
  • VARCHAR
  • VARIABLES
  • VIEW

W

  • WRITE
  • WARNINGS
  • WORK

X

  • X509

Y

  • YEAR

Z

  • ZEROFILL