修改布局

位于 Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml 的布局文件里面存放着所有视图的“基础”HTML。其中就包括导航栏，它被显示在每个页面的顶端。

为了向导航栏添加新条目，请先找到原有导航栏的 HTML 代码：

Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml

  1. <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
  2.     <li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="Index">
  3.         Home
  4.     </a></li>
  5.     <li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="About">
  6.         About
  7.     </a></li>
  8.     <li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="Contact">
  9.         Contact
  10.     </a></li>
  11. </ul>

添加你的条目，不要指向 Home 控制器，而要改为指向 Todo:

  1. <li>
  2.     <a asp-controller="Todo" asp-action="Index">My to-dos</a>
  3. </li>

<a> 元素中的属性 asp-controller 和 asp-action 被称为 tag helper。在视图被渲染之前，ASP.NET Core 会把这些 tag helper 替换成真正的 HTML 属性。在本例中，会生成一个指向路由 /Todo/Index 的 URL 并作为 href 添加到 <a> 元素中。这意味着你不必硬编码这个指向 TodoController 的路由。而是 ASP.NET Core 自动为你生成。

如果你在 ASP.NET 4.x 中用过 Razor，应该会注意到一些语法的差异。生成一个指向 action 链接的时候，tag helper 是现在的建议的方式，而不是使用 @Html.ActionLink()。tag helper 对表单也很有用（你会在后续章节明白原委）。要学习其它的 tag helper，可以参考位于 https://docs.asp.net 的文档。

Update the layout

The layout file at Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml contains the “base” HTML for each view. This includes the navbar, which is rendered at the top of each page.

To add a new item to the navbar, find the HTML code for the existing navbar items:

Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml

  1. <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
  2.     <li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="Index">
  3.         Home
  4.     </a></li>
  5.     <li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="About">
  6.         About
  7.     </a></li>
  8.     <li><a asp-area="" asp-controller="Home" asp-action="Contact">
  9.         Contact
  10.     </a></li>
  11. </ul>

Add your own item that points to the Todo controller instead of Home:

  1. <li>
  2.     <a asp-controller="Todo" asp-action="Index">My to-dos</a>
  3. </li>

The asp-controller and asp-action attributes on the <a> element are called tag helpers. Before the view is rendered, ASP.NET Core replaces these tag helpers with real HTML attributes. In this case, a URL to the /Todo/Index route is generated and added to the <a> element as an href attribute. This means you don’t have to hard-code the route to the TodoController. Instead, ASP.NET Core generates it for you automatically.

If you’ve used Razor in ASP.NET 4.x, you’ll notice some syntax changes. Instead of using @Html.ActionLink() to generate a link to an action, tag helpers are now the recommended way to create links in your views. Tag helpers are useful for forms, too (you’ll see why in a later chapter). You can learn about other tag helpers in the documentation at https://docs.asp.net.