使用 PodPreset 将信息注入 Pods
在 pod 创建时,用户可以使用 podpreset
对象将 secrets、卷挂载和环境变量等信息注入其中。 本文展示了一些 PodPreset
资源使用的示例。 用户可以从理解 Pod Presets 中了解 PodPresets 的整体情况。
创建 Pod Preset
简单的 Pod Spec 示例
这里是一个简单的示例,展示了如何通过 Pod Preset 修改 Pod spec 。
podpreset/preset.yaml |
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apiVersion: settings.k8s.io/v1alpha1 kind: PodPreset metadata: name: allow-database spec: selector: matchLabels: role: frontend env: - name: DB_PORT value: “6379” volumeMounts: - mountPath: /cache name: cache-volume volumes: - name: cache-volume emptyDir: {}
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创建 PodPreset:
kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/podpreset/preset.yaml
检查所创建的 PodPreset:
kubectl get podpreset
NAME AGE
allow-database 1m
新的 PodPreset 会对所有具有标签 role: frontend
的 Pods 采取行动。
用户提交的 pod spec:
podpreset/pod.yaml |
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apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: website labels: app: website role: frontend spec: containers: - name: website image: nginx ports: - containerPort: 80
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创建 Pod:
kubectl create -f https://k8s.io/examples/podpreset/pod.yaml
列举运行中的 Pods:
kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
website 1/1 Running 0 4m
通过准入控制器后的 Pod 规约:
podpreset/merged.yaml |
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apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: website labels: app: website role: frontend annotations: podpreset.admission.kubernetes.io/podpreset-allow-database: “resource version” spec: containers: - name: website image: nginx volumeMounts: - mountPath: /cache name: cache-volume ports: - containerPort: 80 env: - name: DB_PORT value: “6379” volumes: - name: cache-volume emptyDir: {}
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要查看如上输出,运行下面的命令:
kubectl get pod website -o yaml
带有 ConfigMap 的 Pod Spec 示例
这里的示例展示了如何通过 PodPreset 修改 Pod 规约,PodPreset 中定义了 ConfigMap
作为环境变量取值来源。
用户提交的 pod spec:
podpreset/pod.yaml |
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apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: website labels: app: website role: frontend spec: containers: - name: website image: nginx ports: - containerPort: 80
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用户提交的 ConfigMap
:
podpreset/configmap.yaml |
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apiVersion: v1 kind: ConfigMap metadata: name: etcd-env-config data: number_of_members: “1” initial_cluster_state: new initial_cluster_token: DUMMY_ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN discovery_token: DUMMY_ETCD_DISCOVERY_TOKEN discovery_url: http://etcd_discovery:2379 etcdctl_peers: http://etcd:2379 duplicate_key: FROM_CONFIG_MAP REPLACE_ME: “a value”
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PodPreset 示例:
podpreset/allow-db.yaml |
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apiVersion: settings.k8s.io/v1alpha1 kind: PodPreset metadata: name: allow-database spec: selector: matchLabels: role: frontend env: - name: DB_PORT value: “6379” - name: duplicate_key value: FROM_ENV - name: expansion value: $(REPLACE_ME) envFrom: - configMapRef: name: etcd-env-config volumeMounts: - mountPath: /cache name: cache-volume volumes: - name: cache-volume emptyDir: {}
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通过准入控制器后的 Pod spec:
podpreset/allow-db-merged.yaml |
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apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: website labels: app: website role: frontend annotations: podpreset.admission.kubernetes.io/podpreset-allow-database: “resource version” spec: containers: - name: website image: nginx volumeMounts: - mountPath: /cache name: cache-volume ports: - containerPort: 80 env: - name: DB_PORT value: “6379” - name: duplicate_key value: FROM_ENV - name: expansion value: $(REPLACE_ME) envFrom: - configMapRef: name: etcd-env-config volumes: - name: cache-volume emptyDir: {}
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带有 Pod Spec 的 ReplicaSet 示例
以下示例展示了(通过 ReplicaSet 创建 pod 后)只有 pod spec 会被 Pod Preset 所修改。
用户提交的 ReplicaSet:
podpreset/replicaset.yaml |
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apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: ReplicaSet metadata: name: frontend spec: replicas: 3 selector: matchLabels: role: frontend matchExpressions: - {key: role, operator: In, values: [frontend]} template: metadata: labels: app: guestbook role: frontend spec: containers: - name: php-redis image: gcr.io/google_samples/gb-frontend:v3 resources: requests: cpu: 100m memory: 100Mi env: - name: GET_HOSTS_FROM value: dns ports: - containerPort: 80
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PodPreset 示例:
podpreset/preset.yaml |
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apiVersion: settings.k8s.io/v1alpha1 kind: PodPreset metadata: name: allow-database spec: selector: matchLabels: role: frontend env: - name: DB_PORT value: “6379” volumeMounts: - mountPath: /cache name: cache-volume volumes: - name: cache-volume emptyDir: {}
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通过准入控制器后的 Pod spec:
注意 ReplicaSet spec 没有改变,用户必须检查单独的 pod 来验证 PodPreset 已被应用。
podpreset/replicaset-merged.yaml |
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apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: frontend labels: app: guestbook role: frontend annotations: podpreset.admission.kubernetes.io/podpreset-allow-database: “resource version” spec: containers: - name: php-redis image: gcr.io/google_samples/gb-frontend:v3 resources: requests: cpu: 100m memory: 100Mi volumeMounts: - mountPath: /cache name: cache-volume env: - name: GET_HOSTS_FROM value: dns - name: DB_PORT value: “6379” ports: - containerPort: 80 volumes: - name: cache-volume emptyDir: {}
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多 PodPreset 示例
这里的示例展示了如何通过多个 Pod 注入策略修改 Pod spec。
用户提交的 Pod 规约:
podpreset/pod.yaml |
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apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: website labels: app: website role: frontend spec: containers: - name: website image: nginx ports: - containerPort: 80
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PodPreset 示例:
podpreset/preset.yaml |
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apiVersion: settings.k8s.io/v1alpha1 kind: PodPreset metadata: name: allow-database spec: selector: matchLabels: role: frontend env: - name: DB_PORT value: “6379” volumeMounts: - mountPath: /cache name: cache-volume volumes: - name: cache-volume emptyDir: {}
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另一个 Pod Preset 示例:
podpreset/proxy.yaml |
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apiVersion: settings.k8s.io/v1alpha1 kind: PodPreset metadata: name: proxy spec: selector: matchLabels: role: frontend volumeMounts: - mountPath: /etc/proxy/configs name: proxy-volume volumes: - name: proxy-volume emptyDir: {}
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通过准入控制器后的 Pod 规约:
podpreset/multi-merged.yaml |
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apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: website labels: app: website role: frontend annotations: podpreset.admission.kubernetes.io/podpreset-allow-database: “resource version” podpreset.admission.kubernetes.io/podpreset-proxy: “resource version” spec: containers: - name: website image: nginx volumeMounts: - mountPath: /cache name: cache-volume - mountPath: /etc/proxy/configs name: proxy-volume ports: - containerPort: 80 env: - name: DB_PORT value: “6379” volumes: - name: cache-volume emptyDir: {} - name: proxy-volume emptyDir: {}
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冲突示例
这里的示例展示了 PodPreset 与原 Pod 存在冲突时,Pod spec 不会被修改。
用户提交的 Pod 规约:
podpreset/conflict-pod.yaml |
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apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: website labels: app: website role: frontend spec: containers: - name: website image: nginx volumeMounts: - mountPath: /cache name: cache-volume ports: - containerPort: 80 volumes: - name: cache-volume emptyDir: {}
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PodPreset 示例:
podpreset/conflict-preset.yaml |
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apiVersion: settings.k8s.io/v1alpha1 kind: PodPreset metadata: name: allow-database spec: selector: matchLabels: role: frontend env: - name: DB_PORT value: “6379” volumeMounts: - mountPath: /cache name: other-volume volumes: - name: other-volume emptyDir: {}
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因存在冲突,通过准入控制器后的 Pod spec 不会改变:
podpreset/conflict-pod.yaml |
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apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: website labels: app: website role: frontend spec: containers: - name: website image: nginx volumeMounts: - mountPath: /cache name: cache-volume ports: - containerPort: 80 volumes: - name: cache-volume emptyDir: {}
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如果运行 kubectl describe...
用户会看到以下事件:
$ kubectl describe ...
....
Events:
FirstSeen LastSeen Count From SubobjectPath Reason Message
Tue, 07 Feb 2017 16:56:12 -0700 Tue, 07 Feb 2017 16:56:12 -0700 1 {podpreset.admission.kubernetes.io/podpreset-allow-database } conflict Conflict on pod preset. Duplicate mountPath /cache.
删除 Pod Preset
一旦用户不再需要 pod preset,可以使用 kubectl
进行删除:
kubectl delete podpreset allow-database
podpreset "allow-database" deleted