1. Docker Daemon架构示意图
Docker Daemon是Docker架构中运行在后台的守护进程,大致可以分为Docker Server、Engine和Job三部分。
Docker Daemon可以认为是通过Docker Server模块接受Docker Client的请求,并在Engine中处理请求,然后根据请求类型,创建出指定的Job并运行。
运行过程的作用有以下几种可能:
- 向Docker Registry获取镜像,
- 通过graphdriver执行容器镜像的本地化操作,
- 通过networkdriver执行容器网络环境的配置,
- 通过execdriver执行容器内部运行的执行工作等。
说明:本文分析的代码为Docker 1.2.0版本。
2. Docker Daemon启动流程图
启动Docker Daemon时,一般可以使用以下命令:docker —daemon=true; docker –d; docker –d=true等。接着由docker的main()函数来解析以上命令的相应flag参数,并最终完成Docker Daemon的启动。
/docker/docker.go
func main() {
...
if *flDaemon {
mainDaemon()
return
}
...
}
3. mainDaemon的具体实现
宏观来讲,mainDaemon()完成创建一个daemon进程,并使其正常运行。
从功能的角度来说,mainDaemon()实现了两部分内容:
- 第一,创建Docker运行环境;
- 第二,服务于Docker Client,接收并处理相应请求。
3.1. 配置初始化
/docker/daemon.go
var (
daemonCfg = &daemon.Config{}
)
func init() {
daemonCfg.InstallFlags()
}
在mainDaemon()运行之前,关于Docker Daemon所需要的config配置信息均已经初始化完毕。
声明一个为daemon包中Config类型的变量,名为daemonCfg。而Config对象,定义了Docker Daemon所需的配置信息。在Docker Daemon在启动时,daemonCfg变量被传递至Docker Daemon并被使用。
/daemon/config.go
type Config struct {
Pidfile string //Docker Daemon所属进程的PID文件
Root string //Docker运行时所使用的root路径
AutoRestart bool //已被启用,转而支持docker run时的重启
Dns []string //Docker使用的DNS Server地址
DnsSearch []string //Docker使用的指定的DNS查找域名
Mirrors []string //指定的优先Docker Registry镜像
EnableIptables bool //启用Docker的iptables功能
EnableIpForward bool //启用net.ipv4.ip_forward功能
EnableIpMasq bool //启用IP伪装技术
DefaultIp net.IP //绑定容器端口时使用的默认IP
BridgeIface string //添加容器网络至已有的网桥
BridgeIP string //创建网桥的IP地址
FixedCIDR string //指定IP的IPv4子网,必须被网桥子网包含
InterContainerCommunication bool //是否允许相同host上容器间的通信
GraphDriver string //Docker运行时使用的特定存储驱动
GraphOptions []string //可设置的存储驱动选项
ExecDriver string // Docker运行时使用的特定exec驱动
Mtu int //设置容器网络的MTU
DisableNetwork bool //有定义,之后未初始化
EnableSelinuxSupport bool //启用SELinux功能的支持
Context map[string][]string //有定义,之后未初始化
}
init()函数实现了daemonCfg变量中各属性的赋值,具体的实现为:daemonCfg.InstallFlags()
/daemon/config.go
// InstallFlags adds command-line options to the top-level flag parser for
// the current process.
// Subsequent calls to `flag.Parse` will populate config with values parsed
// from the command-line.
func (config *Config) InstallFlags() {
flag.StringVar(&config.Pidfile, []string{"p", "-pidfile"}, "/var/run/docker.pid", "Path to use for daemon PID file")
flag.StringVar(&config.Root, []string{"g", "-graph"}, "/var/lib/docker", "Path to use as the root of the Docker runtime")
flag.BoolVar(&config.AutoRestart, []string{"#r", "#-restart"}, true, "--restart on the daemon has been deprecated infavor of --restart policies on docker run")
flag.BoolVar(&config.EnableIptables, []string{"#iptables", "-iptables"}, true, "Enable Docker's addition of iptables rules")
flag.BoolVar(&config.EnableIpForward, []string{"#ip-forward", "-ip-forward"}, true, "Enable net.ipv4.ip_forward")
flag.StringVar(&config.BridgeIP, []string{"#bip", "-bip"}, "", "Use this CIDR notation address for the network bridge's IP, not compatible with -b")
flag.StringVar(&config.BridgeIface, []string{"b", "-bridge"}, "", "Attach containers to a pre-existing network bridge/nuse 'none' to disable container networking")
flag.BoolVar(&config.InterContainerCommunication, []string{"#icc", "-icc"}, true, "Enable inter-container communication")
flag.StringVar(&config.GraphDriver, []string{"s", "-storage-driver"}, "", "Force the Docker runtime to use a specific storage driver")
flag.StringVar(&config.ExecDriver, []string{"e", "-exec-driver"}, "native", "Force the Docker runtime to use a specific exec driver")
flag.BoolVar(&config.EnableSelinuxSupport, []string{"-selinux-enabled"}, false, "Enable selinux support. SELinux does not presently support the BTRFS storage driver")
flag.IntVar(&config.Mtu, []string{"#mtu", "-mtu"}, 0, "Set the containers network MTU/nif no value is provided: default to the default route MTU or 1500 if no default route is available")
opts.IPVar(&config.DefaultIp, []string{"#ip", "-ip"}, "0.0.0.0", "Default IP address to use when binding container ports")
opts.ListVar(&config.GraphOptions, []string{"-storage-opt"}, "Set storage driver options")
// FIXME: why the inconsistency between "hosts" and "sockets"?
opts.IPListVar(&config.Dns, []string{"#dns", "-dns"}, "Force Docker to use specific DNS servers")
opts.DnsSearchListVar(&config.DnsSearch, []string{"-dns-search"}, "Force Docker to use specific DNS search domains")
}
在InstallFlags()函数的实现过程中,主要是定义某种类型的flag参数,并将该参数的值绑定在config变量的指定属性上,如:
flag.StringVar(&config.Pidfile, []string{“p”, “-pidfile”}, “ /var/run/docker.pid”, “Path to use for daemon PID file”)
以上语句的含义为:
- 定义一个为String类型的flag参数;
- 该flag的名称为”p”或者”-pidfile”;
- 该flag的值为” /var/run/docker.pid”,并将该值绑定在变量config.Pidfile上;
- 该flag的描述信息为”Path to use for daemon PID file”。
3.2. flag参数检查
/docker/daemon.go
if flag.NArg() != 0 {
flag.Usage()
return
}
- 参数个数不为0,则说明在启动Docker Daemon的时候,传入了多余的参数,此时会输出错误提示,并退出运行程序。
- 若为0,则说明Docker Daemon的启动命令无误,正常运行。
3.3. 创建engine对象
/docker/daemon.go
eng := engine.New()
Engine是Docker架构中的运行引擎,同时也是Docker运行的核心模块。Engine扮演着Docker container存储仓库的角色,并且通过job的形式来管理这些容器。
/engine/engine.go
type Engine struct {
handlers map[string]Handler
catchall Handler
hack Hack // data for temporary hackery (see hack.go)
id string
Stdout io.Writer
Stderr io.Writer
Stdin io.Reader
Logging bool
tasks sync.WaitGroup
l sync.RWMutex // lock for shutdown
shutdown bool
onShutdown []func() // shutdown handlers
}
Engine结构体中最为重要的即为handlers属性。该handlers属性为map类型,key为string类型,value为Handler类型。Handler为一个定义的函数。该函数传入的参数为Job指针,返回为Status状态。
/engine/engine.go
type Handler func(*Job) Status
New()函数的实现:
/engine/engine.go
// New initializes a new engine.
func New() *Engine {
eng := &Engine{
handlers: make(map[string]Handler),
id: utils.RandomString(),
Stdout: os.Stdout,
Stderr: os.Stderr,
Stdin: os.Stdin,
Logging: true,
}
eng.Register("commands", func(job *Job) Status {
for _, name := range eng.commands() {
job.Printf("%s/n", name)
}
return StatusOK
})
// Copy existing global handlers
for k, v := range globalHandlers {
eng.handlers[k] = v
}
return eng
}
- 创建一个Engine结构体实例eng
- 向eng对象注册名为commands的Handler,其中Handler为临时定义的函数func(job *Job) Status{ } , 该函数的作用是通过job来打印所有已经注册完毕的command名称,最终返回状态StatusOK。
- 将已定义的变量globalHandlers中的所有的Handler,都复制到eng对象的handlers属性中。最后成功返回eng对象。
3.4. 设置engine的信号捕获
/daemon/daemon.go
signal.Trap(eng.Shutdown)
在Docker Daemon的运行中,设置Trap特定信号的处理方法,特定信号有SIGINT,SIGTERM以及SIGQUIT;当程序捕获到SIGINT或者SIGTERM信号时,执行相应的善后操作,最后保证Docker Daemon程序退出。
/pkg/signal/trap.go
//Trap sets up a simplified signal "trap", appropriate for common
// behavior expected from a vanilla unix command-line tool in general
// (and the Docker engine in particular).
//
// * If SIGINT or SIGTERM are received, `cleanup` is called, then the process is terminated.
// * If SIGINT or SIGTERM are repeated 3 times before cleanup is complete, then cleanup is
// skipped and the process terminated directly.
// * If "DEBUG" is set in the environment, SIGQUIT causes an exit without cleanup.
//
func Trap(cleanup func()) {
c := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
signals := []os.Signal{os.Interrupt, syscall.SIGTERM}
if os.Getenv("DEBUG") == "" {
signals = append(signals, syscall.SIGQUIT)
}
gosignal.Notify(c, signals...)
go func() {
interruptCount := uint32(0)
for sig := range c {
go func(sig os.Signal) {
log.Printf("Received signal '%v', starting shutdown of docker.../n", sig)
switch sig {
case os.Interrupt, syscall.SIGTERM:
// If the user really wants to interrupt, let him do so.
if atomic.LoadUint32(&interruptCount) < 3 {
atomic.AddUint32(&interruptCount, 1)
// Initiate the cleanup only once
if atomic.LoadUint32(&interruptCount) == 1 {
// Call cleanup handler
cleanup()
os.Exit(0)
} else {
return
}
} else {
log.Printf("Force shutdown of docker, interrupting cleanup/n")
}
case syscall.SIGQUIT:
}
os.Exit(128 + int(sig.(syscall.Signal)))
}(sig)
}
}()
}
- 创建并设置一个channel,用于发送信号通知;
- 定义signals数组变量,初始值为os.SIGINT, os.SIGTERM;若环境变量DEBUG为空的话,则添加os.SIGQUIT至signals数组;
- 通过gosignal.Notify(c, signals…)中Notify函数来实现将接收到的signal信号传递给c。需要注意的是只有signals中被罗列出的信号才会被传递给c,其余信号会被直接忽略;
- 创建一个goroutine来处理具体的signal信号,当信号类型为os.Interrupt或者syscall.SIGTERM时,执行传入Trap函数的具体执行方法,形参为cleanup(),实参为eng.Shutdown。
Shutdown()函数的定义位于./docker/engine/engine.go,主要做的工作是为Docker Daemon的关闭做一些善后工作。
/engine/engine.go
// Shutdown permanently shuts down eng as follows:
// - It refuses all new jobs, permanently.
// - It waits for all active jobs to complete (with no timeout)
// - It calls all shutdown handlers concurrently (if any)
// - It returns when all handlers complete, or after 15 seconds,
// whichever happens first.
func (eng *Engine) Shutdown() {
eng.l.Lock()
if eng.shutdown {
eng.l.Unlock()
return
}
eng.shutdown = true
eng.l.Unlock()
// We don't need to protect the rest with a lock, to allow
// for other calls to immediately fail with "shutdown" instead
// of hanging for 15 seconds.
// This requires all concurrent calls to check for shutdown, otherwise
// it might cause a race.
// Wait for all jobs to complete.
// Timeout after 5 seconds.
tasksDone := make(chan struct{})
go func() {
eng.tasks.Wait()
close(tasksDone)
}()
select {
case <-time.After(time.Second * 5):
case <-tasksDone:
}
// Call shutdown handlers, if any.
// Timeout after 10 seconds.
var wg sync.WaitGroup
for _, h := range eng.onShutdown {
wg.Add(1)
go func(h func()) {
defer wg.Done()
h()
}(h)
}
done := make(chan struct{})
go func() {
wg.Wait()
close(done)
}()
select {
case <-time.After(time.Second * 10):
case <-done:
}
return
}
- Docker Daemon不再接收任何新的Job;
- Docker Daemon等待所有存活的Job执行完毕;
- Docker Daemon调用所有shutdown的处理方法;
- 当所有的handler执行完毕,或者15秒之后,Shutdown()函数返回。
由于在signal.Trap( eng.Shutdown )函数的具体实现中执行eng.Shutdown,在执行完eng.Shutdown之后,随即执行os.Exit(0),完成当前程序的立即退出。
3.5. 加载builtins
/docker/daemon.go
if err := builtins.Register(eng); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
为engine注册多个Handler,以便后续在执行相应任务时,运行指定的Handler。
这些Handler包括:
- 网络初始化、
- web API服务、
- 事件查询、
- 版本查看、
- Docker Registry验证与搜索。
/builtins/builtins.go
func Register(eng *engine.Engine) error {
if err := daemon(eng); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := remote(eng); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := events.New().Install(eng); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := eng.Register("version", dockerVersion); err != nil {
return err
}
return registry.NewService().Install(eng)
}
3.5.1. 注册初始化网络驱动的Handler
daemon(eng)的实现过程,主要为eng对象注册了一个key为”init_networkdriver”的Handler,该Handler的值为bridge.InitDriver函数,代码如下:
/builtins/builtins.go
func daemon(eng *engine.Engine) error {
return eng.Register("init_networkdriver", bridge.InitDriver)
}
需要注意的是,向eng对象注册Handler,并不代表Handler的值函数会被直接运行,如bridge.InitDriver,并不会直接运行,而是将bridge.InitDriver的函数入口,写入eng的handlers属性中。
/daemon/networkdriver/bridge/driver.go
func InitDriver(job *engine.Job) engine.Status {
var (
network *net.IPNet
enableIPTables = job.GetenvBool("EnableIptables")
icc = job.GetenvBool("InterContainerCommunication")
ipForward = job.GetenvBool("EnableIpForward")
bridgeIP = job.Getenv("BridgeIP")
)
if defaultIP := job.Getenv("DefaultBindingIP"); defaultIP != "" {
defaultBindingIP = net.ParseIP(defaultIP)
}
bridgeIface = job.Getenv("BridgeIface")
usingDefaultBridge := false
if bridgeIface == "" {
usingDefaultBridge = true
bridgeIface = DefaultNetworkBridge
}
addr, err := networkdriver.GetIfaceAddr(bridgeIface)
if err != nil {
// If we're not using the default bridge, fail without trying to create it
if !usingDefaultBridge {
job.Logf("bridge not found: %s", bridgeIface)
return job.Error(err)
}
// If the iface is not found, try to create it
job.Logf("creating new bridge for %s", bridgeIface)
if err := createBridge(bridgeIP); err != nil {
return job.Error(err)
}
job.Logf("getting iface addr")
addr, err = networkdriver.GetIfaceAddr(bridgeIface)
if err != nil {
return job.Error(err)
}
network = addr.(*net.IPNet)
} else {
network = addr.(*net.IPNet)
// validate that the bridge ip matches the ip specified by BridgeIP
if bridgeIP != "" {
bip, _, err := net.ParseCIDR(bridgeIP)
if err != nil {
return job.Error(err)
}
if !network.IP.Equal(bip) {
return job.Errorf("bridge ip (%s) does not match existing bridge configuration %s", network.IP, bip)
}
}
}
// Configure iptables for link support
if enableIPTables {
if err := setupIPTables(addr, icc); err != nil {
return job.Error(err)
}
}
if ipForward {
// Enable IPv4 forwarding
if err := ioutil.WriteFile("/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward", []byte{'1', '/n'}, 0644); err != nil {
job.Logf("WARNING: unable to enable IPv4 forwarding: %s/n", err)
}
}
// We can always try removing the iptables
if err := iptables.RemoveExistingChain("DOCKER"); err != nil {
return job.Error(err)
}
if enableIPTables {
chain, err := iptables.NewChain("DOCKER", bridgeIface)
if err != nil {
return job.Error(err)
}
portmapper.SetIptablesChain(chain)
}
bridgeNetwork = network
// https://github.com/docker/docker/issues/2768
job.Eng.Hack_SetGlobalVar("httpapi.bridgeIP", bridgeNetwork.IP)
for name, f := range map[string]engine.Handler{
"allocate_interface": Allocate,
"release_interface": Release,
"allocate_port": AllocatePort,
"link": LinkContainers,
} {
if err := job.Eng.Register(name, f); err != nil {
return job.Error(err)
}
}
return engine.StatusOK
}
Bridge.InitDriver的作用:
- 获取为Docker服务的网络设备的地址;
- 创建指定IP地址的网桥;
- 配置网络iptables规则;
- 另外还为eng对象注册了多个Handler,如 ”allocate_interface”, ”release_interface”, ”allocate_port”,”link”。
3.5.2. 注册API服务的Handler
remote(eng)的实现过程,主要为eng对象注册了两个Handler,分别为”serveapi”与”acceptconnections”。代码实现如下:
/builtins/builtins.go
func remote(eng *engine.Engine) error {
if err := eng.Register("serveapi", apiserver.ServeApi); err != nil {
return err
}
return eng.Register("acceptconnections", apiserver.AcceptConnections)
}
注册的两个Handler名称分别为”serveapi”与”acceptconnections”
- ServeApi执行时,通过循环多种协议,创建出goroutine来配置指定的http.Server,最终为不同的协议请求服务;
- AcceptConnections的实现主要是为了通知init守护进程,Docker Daemon已经启动完毕,可以让Docker Daemon进程接受请求。(守护进程)
3.5.3. 注册events事件的Handler
events.New().Install(eng)的实现过程,为Docker注册了多个event事件,功能是给Docker用户提供API,使得用户可以通过这些API查看Docker内部的events信息,log信息以及subscribers_count信息。
/events/events.go
type Events struct {
mu sync.RWMutex
events []*utils.JSONMessage
subscribers []listener
}
func New() *Events {
return &Events{
events: make([]*utils.JSONMessage, 0, eventsLimit),
}
}
// Install installs events public api in docker engine
func (e *Events) Install(eng *engine.Engine) error {
// Here you should describe public interface
jobs := map[string]engine.Handler{
"events": e.Get,
"log": e.Log,
"subscribers_count": e.SubscribersCount,
}
for name, job := range jobs {
if err := eng.Register(name, job); err != nil {
return err
}
}
return nil
}
3.5.4. 注册版本的Handler
eng.Register(“version”,dockerVersion)的实现过程,向eng对象注册key为”version”,value为”dockerVersion”执行方法的Handler,dockerVersion的执行过程中,会向名为version的job的标准输出中写入Docker的版本,Docker API的版本,git版本,Go语言运行时版本以及操作系统等版本信息。
/builtins/builtins.go
// builtins jobs independent of any subsystem
func dockerVersion(job *engine.Job) engine.Status {
v := &engine.Env{}
v.SetJson("Version", dockerversion.VERSION)
v.SetJson("ApiVersion", api.APIVERSION)
v.Set("GitCommit", dockerversion.GITCOMMIT)
v.Set("GoVersion", runtime.Version())
v.Set("Os", runtime.GOOS)
v.Set("Arch", runtime.GOARCH)
if kernelVersion, err := kernel.GetKernelVersion(); err == nil {
v.Set("KernelVersion", kernelVersion.String())
}
if _, err := v.WriteTo(job.Stdout); err != nil {
return job.Error(err)
}
return engine.StatusOK
}
3.5.5. 注册registry的Handler
registry.NewService().Install(eng)的实现过程位于./docker/registry/service.go,在eng对象对外暴露的API信息中添加docker registry的信息。当registry.NewService()成功被Install安装完毕的话,则有两个调用能够被eng使用:”auth”,向公有registry进行认证;”search”,在公有registry上搜索指定的镜像。
/registry/service.go
// NewService returns a new instance of Service ready to be
// installed no an engine.
func NewService() *Service {
return &Service{}
}
// Install installs registry capabilities to eng.
func (s *Service) Install(eng *engine.Engine) error {
eng.Register("auth", s.Auth)
eng.Register("search", s.Search)
return nil
}
3.6. 使用goroutine加载daemon对象
执行完builtins的加载,回到mainDaemon()的执行,通过一个goroutine来加载daemon对象并开始运行。这一环节的执行,主要包含三个步骤:
- 通过init函数中初始化的daemonCfg与eng对象来创建一个daemon对象d;(守护进程)
- 通过daemon对象的Install函数,向eng对象中注册众多的Handler;
- 在Docker Daemon启动完毕之后,运行名为”acceptconnections”的job,主要工作为向init守护进程发送”READY=1”信号,以便开始正常接受请求。
/docker/daemon.go
// load the daemon in the background so we can immediately start
// the http api so that connections don't fail while the daemon
// is booting
go func() {
d, err := daemon.NewDaemon(daemonCfg, eng)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
if err := d.Install(eng); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
// after the daemon is done setting up we can tell the api to start
// accepting connections
if err := eng.Job("acceptconnections").Run(); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
}()
3.6.1. 创建daemon对象
/docker/daemon.go
d, err := daemon.NewDaemon(daemonCfg, eng)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
daemon.NewDaemon(daemonCfg, eng)是创建daemon对象d的核心部分。主要作用为初始化Docker Daemon的基本环境,如处理config参数,验证系统支持度,配置Docker工作目录,设置与加载多种driver,创建graph环境等,验证DNS配置等。具体参考NewDaemon 。
3.6.2. 通过daemon对象为engine注册Handler
当创建完daemon对象,goroutine执行d.Install(eng)
/daemon/daemon.go
type Daemon struct {
repository string
sysInitPath string
containers *contStore
graph *graph.Graph
repositories *graph.TagStore
idIndex *truncindex.TruncIndex
sysInfo *sysinfo.SysInfo
volumes *graph.Graph
eng *engine.Engine
config *Config
containerGraph *graphdb.Database
driver graphdriver.Driver
execDriver execdriver.Driver
}
// Install installs daemon capabilities to eng.
func (daemon *Daemon) Install(eng *engine.Engine) error {
// FIXME: rename "delete" to "rm" for consistency with the CLI command
// FIXME: rename ContainerDestroy to ContainerRm for consistency with the CLI command
// FIXME: remove ImageDelete's dependency on Daemon, then move to graph/
for name, method := range map[string]engine.Handler{
"attach": daemon.ContainerAttach,
"build": daemon.CmdBuild,
"commit": daemon.ContainerCommit,
"container_changes": daemon.ContainerChanges,
"container_copy": daemon.ContainerCopy,
"container_inspect": daemon.ContainerInspect,
"containers": daemon.Containers,
"create": daemon.ContainerCreate,
"delete": daemon.ContainerDestroy,
"export": daemon.ContainerExport,
"info": daemon.CmdInfo,
"kill": daemon.ContainerKill,
"logs": daemon.ContainerLogs,
"pause": daemon.ContainerPause,
"resize": daemon.ContainerResize,
"restart": daemon.ContainerRestart,
"start": daemon.ContainerStart,
"stop": daemon.ContainerStop,
"top": daemon.ContainerTop,
"unpause": daemon.ContainerUnpause,
"wait": daemon.ContainerWait,
"image_delete": daemon.ImageDelete, // FIXME: see above
} {
if err := eng.Register(name, method); err != nil {
return err
}
}
if err := daemon.Repositories().Install(eng); err != nil {
return err
}
// FIXME: this hack is necessary for legacy integration tests to access
// the daemon object.
eng.Hack_SetGlobalVar("httpapi.daemon", daemon)
return nil
}
以上代码的实现分为三部分:
- 向eng对象中注册众多的Handler对象;
- daemon.Repositories().Install(eng)实现了向eng对象注册多个与image相关的Handler,Install的实现位于./docker/graph/service.go;
- eng.Hack_SetGlobalVar(“httpapi.daemon”, daemon)实现向eng对象中map类型的hack对象中添加一条记录,key为”httpapi.daemon”,value为daemon。
3.6.3. 运行acceptconnections的job
/docker/daemon.go
if err := eng.Job("acceptconnections").Run(); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
在goroutine内部最后运行名为”acceptconnections”的job,主要作用是通知init守护进程,Docker Daemon可以开始接受请求了。
首先执行eng.Job(“acceptconnections”),返回一个Job,随后再执行eng.Job(“acceptconnections”).Run(),也就是该执行Job的run函数。
/engine/engine.go
// Job creates a new job which can later be executed.
// This function mimics `Command` from the standard os/exec package.
func (eng *Engine) Job(name string, args ...string) *Job {
job := &Job{
Eng: eng,
Name: name,
Args: args,
Stdin: NewInput(),
Stdout: NewOutput(),
Stderr: NewOutput(),
env: &Env{},
}
if eng.Logging {
job.Stderr.Add(utils.NopWriteCloser(eng.Stderr))
}
// Catchall is shadowed by specific Register.
if handler, exists := eng.handlers[name]; exists {
job.handler = handler
} else if eng.catchall != nil && name != "" {
// empty job names are illegal, catchall or not.
job.handler = eng.catchall
}
return job
}
- 首先创建一个类型为Job的job对象,该对象中Eng属性为函数的调用者eng,Name属性为”acceptconnections”,没有参数传入。
- 另外在eng对象所有的handlers属性中寻找键为”acceptconnections”记录的值,由于在加载builtins操作中的remote(eng)中已经向eng注册过这样的一条记录,key为”acceptconnections”,value为apiserver.AcceptConnections。
- 因此job对象的handler为apiserver.AcceptConnections。
- 最后返回已经初始化完毕的对象job。
创建完job对象之后,随即执行该job对象的run()函数。
/engine/job.go
// A job is the fundamental unit of work in the docker engine.
// Everything docker can do should eventually be exposed as a job.
// For example: execute a process in a container, create a new container,
// download an archive from the internet, serve the http api, etc.
//
// The job API is designed after unix processes: a job has a name, arguments,
// environment variables, standard streams for input, output and error, and
// an exit status which can indicate success (0) or error (anything else).
//
// One slight variation is that jobs report their status as a string. The
// string "0" indicates success, and any other strings indicates an error.
// This allows for richer error reporting.
//
type Job struct {
Eng *Engine
Name string
Args []string
env *Env
Stdout *Output
Stderr *Output
Stdin *Input
handler Handler
status Status
end time.Time
}
type Status int
const (
StatusOK Status = 0
StatusErr Status = 1
StatusNotFound Status = 127
)
// Run executes the job and blocks until the job completes.
// If the job returns a failure status, an error is returned
// which includes the status.
func (job *Job) Run() error {
if job.Eng.IsShutdown() {
return fmt.Errorf("engine is shutdown")
}
// FIXME: this is a temporary workaround to avoid Engine.Shutdown
// waiting 5 seconds for server/api.ServeApi to complete (which it never will)
// everytime the daemon is cleanly restarted.
// The permanent fix is to implement Job.Stop and Job.OnStop so that
// ServeApi can cooperate and terminate cleanly.
if job.Name != "serveapi" {
job.Eng.l.Lock()
job.Eng.tasks.Add(1)
job.Eng.l.Unlock()
defer job.Eng.tasks.Done()
}
// FIXME: make this thread-safe
// FIXME: implement wait
if !job.end.IsZero() {
return fmt.Errorf("%s: job has already completed", job.Name)
}
// Log beginning and end of the job
job.Eng.Logf("+job %s", job.CallString())
defer func() {
job.Eng.Logf("-job %s%s", job.CallString(), job.StatusString())
}()
var errorMessage = bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
job.Stderr.Add(errorMessage)
if job.handler == nil {
job.Errorf("%s: command not found", job.Name)
job.status = 127
} else {
job.status = job.handler(job)
job.end = time.Now()
}
// Wait for all background tasks to complete
if err := job.Stdout.Close(); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := job.Stderr.Close(); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := job.Stdin.Close(); err != nil {
return err
}
if job.status != 0 {
return fmt.Errorf("%s", Tail(errorMessage, 1))
}
return nil
}
Run()函数的实现位于./docker/engine/job.go,该函数执行指定的job,并在job执行完成前一直阻塞。对于名为”acceptconnections”的job对象,运行代码为job.status = job.handler(job),由于job.handler值为apiserver.AcceptConnections,故真正执行的是job.status = apiserver.AcceptConnections(job)。
进入AcceptConnections的具体实现,位于./docker/api/server/server.go,如下:
/api/server/server.go
func AcceptConnections(job *engine.Job) engine.Status {
// Tell the init daemon we are accepting requests
go systemd.SdNotify("READY=1")
if activationLock != nil {
close(activationLock)
}
return engine.StatusOK
}
重点为go systemd.SdNotify(“READY=1”)的实现,位于./docker/pkg/system/sd_notify.go,主要作用是通知init守护进程Docker Daemon的启动已经全部完成,潜在的功能是使得Docker Daemon开始接受Docker Client发送来的API请求。
至此,已经完成通过goroutine来加载daemon对象并运行。
3.7. 打印Docker版本及驱动信息
显示docker的版本信息,以及ExecDriver和GraphDriver这两个驱动的具体信息
/docker/daemon.go
// TODO actually have a resolved graphdriver to show?
log.Printf("docker daemon: %s %s; execdriver: %s; graphdriver: %s",
dockerversion.VERSION,
dockerversion.GITCOMMIT,
daemonCfg.ExecDriver,
daemonCfg.GraphDriver,
)
3.8. serveapi的创建与运行
打印部分Docker具体信息之后,Docker Daemon立即创建并运行名为”serveapi”的job,主要作用为让Docker Daemon提供API访问服务。
/docker/daemon.go
// Serve api
job := eng.Job("serveapi", flHosts...)
job.SetenvBool("Logging", true)
job.SetenvBool("EnableCors", *flEnableCors)
job.Setenv("Version", dockerversion.VERSION)
job.Setenv("SocketGroup", *flSocketGroup)
job.SetenvBool("Tls", *flTls)
job.SetenvBool("TlsVerify", *flTlsVerify)
job.Setenv("TlsCa", *flCa)
job.Setenv("TlsCert", *flCert)
job.Setenv("TlsKey", *flKey)
job.SetenvBool("BufferRequests", true)
if err := job.Run(); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
- 创建一个名为”serveapi”的job,并将flHosts的值赋给job.Args。flHost的作用主要是为Docker Daemon提供使用的协议与监听的地址。
- Docker Daemon为该job设置了众多的环境变量,如安全传输层协议的环境变量等。最后通过job.Run()运行该serveapi的job。
由于在eng中key为”serveapi”的handler,value为apiserver.ServeApi,故该job运行时,执行apiserver.ServeApi函数,位于./docker/api/server/server.go。ServeApi函数的作用主要是对于用户定义的所有支持协议,Docker Daemon均创建一个goroutine来启动相应的http.Server,分别为不同的协议服务。具体参考Docker Server。
参考:
- 《Docker源码分析》