中间件使用
在上一节,我们演示了怎么使用jwt鉴权,相信你已经掌握了对jwt的基本使用,本节我们来看一下api服务中间件怎么使用。
中间件分类
在go-zero中,中间件可以分为路由中间件和全局中间件,路由中间件是指某一些特定路由需要实现中间件逻辑,其和jwt类似,没有放在jwt:xxx
下的路由不会使用中间件功能,
而全局中间件的服务范围则是整个服务。
中间件使用
这里以search
服务为例来演示中间件的使用
路由中间件
重新编写
search.api
文件,添加middleware
声明$ cd service/search/api
$ vim search.api
type SearchReq struct {}
type SearchReply struct {}
@server(
jwt: Auth
middleware: Example // 路由中间件声明
)
service search-api {
@handler search
get /search/do (SearchReq) returns (SearchReply)
}
- 重新生成api代码
$ goctl api go -api search.api -dir .
生成完后会在etc/search-api.yaml exists, ignored generation
internal/config/config.go exists, ignored generation
search.go exists, ignored generation
internal/svc/servicecontext.go exists, ignored generation
internal/handler/searchhandler.go exists, ignored generation
internal/handler/pinghandler.go exists, ignored generation
internal/logic/searchlogic.go exists, ignored generation
internal/logic/pinglogic.go exists, ignored generation
Done.
internal
目录下多一个middleware
的目录,这里即中间件文件,后续中间件的实现逻辑也在这里编写。 完善资源依赖
ServiceContext
$ vim service/search/api/internal/svc/servicecontext.go
type ServiceContext struct {
Config config.Config
Example rest.Middleware
}
func NewServiceContext(c config.Config) *ServiceContext {
return &ServiceContext{
Config: c,
Example: middleware.NewExampleMiddleware().Handle,
}
}
编写中间件逻辑 这里仅添加一行日志,内容example middle,如果服务运行输出example middle则代表中间件使用起来了。
$ vim service/search/api/internal/middleware/examplemiddleware.go
package middleware
import "net/http"
type ExampleMiddleware struct {
}
func NewExampleMiddleware() *ExampleMiddleware {
return &ExampleMiddleware{}
}
func (m *ExampleMiddleware) Handle(next http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc {
return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
// TODO generate middleware implement function, delete after code implementation
// Passthrough to next handler if need
next(w, r)
}
}
- 启动服务验证
{"@timestamp":"2021-02-09T11:32:57.931+08","level":"info","content":"example middle"}
全局中间件
通过rest.Server提供的Use方法即可
func main() {
flag.Parse()
var c config.Config
conf.MustLoad(*configFile, &c)
ctx := svc.NewServiceContext(c)
server := rest.MustNewServer(c.RestConf)
defer server.Stop()
// 全局中间件
server.Use(func(next http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc {
return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
logx.Info("global middleware")
next(w, r)
}
})
handler.RegisterHandlers(server, ctx)
fmt.Printf("Starting server at %s:%d...\n", c.Host, c.Port)
server.Start()
}
{"@timestamp":"2021-02-09T11:50:15.388+08","level":"info","content":"global middleware"}
在中间件里调用其它服务
通过闭包的方式把其它服务传递给中间件,示例如下:
// 模拟的其它服务
type AnotherService struct{}
func (s *AnotherService) GetToken() string {
return stringx.Rand()
}
// 常规中间件
func middleware(next http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc {
return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
w.Header().Add("X-Middleware", "static-middleware")
next(w, r)
}
}
// 调用其它服务的中间件
func middlewareWithAnotherService(s *AnotherService) rest.Middleware {
return func(next http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc {
return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
w.Header().Add("X-Middleware", s.GetToken())
next(w, r)
}
}
}
完整代码参考:https://github.com/zeromicro/zero-examples/tree/main/http/middleware