4.10. Unified Transform

图 14.145. Unified Transform tool

This tool combines several tools: Rotate, Scale, Shear and Perspective, performing one or several of these actions at once in one single operation. Combining two or more options gives you almost infinite possibilities of transformation.

As the other transformation tools, this tool works on the active layer (default).

After selecting the Unified Transform tool in the toolbox, click on the image window. Several elements appear on the image window:

• Several kinds of handles, on the edges:

  • Diamonds for shearing

  • Squares for scaling.

  • Small diamonds for changing perspective, in large squares for Scaling.

  Click and drag a handle to perform the action of the concerned tool

• A circle with a cross inside at the center of the image window for the pivot. Click and drag this circle to move the pivot. It can be placed out of the image window, and even where you want on screen (but you can no longer see it, unless you enlarge the image window).

• The mouse pointer comes with small icons which vary according to position:

  • On the layer: Move icon,

  • Outside the layer: Rotate icon,

  • On handles: Shear or perspective or Scale icon,

  • On rotation center circle: Move icon and Rotation icon.

• The status bar, at the bottom of the image window, displays the name of the current tool.

• When you click on the image window, a new Matrix window appears:

  

  with Reset (very useful when testing), Readjust, Cancel and Transform buttons. This matrix window shows up above the image, or, if the image window is large enough, inside the image window. You cannot edit the values of this matrix, but you can write them down to reproduce the same transformation later.

  Readjust button: this button, available since GIMP 2.10.10, allows you to reset the transform handles back to the original square shape, while keeping the current transformation and zoom level. This enables you to create more complex transformations by making the transformation in several steps.

4.10.1. Activating the Tool

There are different possibilities to activate the tool:

• From the image-menu: Tools → Transform Tools → Unified transform

• The Tool can also be called by clicking the tool icon:

• or by clicking on the Shift+L keyboard shortcut.

4.10.2. 选项

图 14.146. Unified Transform Tool Options

The available tool options can be accessed by double clicking the Unified Transform tool icon.

Shared options

	注意
	See 第 4.1 节 “Common Features” for a description of tool options that apply to many or all transform tools.

Constrain

Move: when this option is unchecked, moving the layer is smooth. Checking the option constrains movement to 45° from center.

Scale: when this option is checked, the aspect ratio is preserved.

图 14.147. Scale Constraint Option

Constrain not checked (no pivot)

Constrain checked (no pivot)

Rotate: default rotation is smooth. When this option is checked, rotation goes by 15° steps.

Shear: normally, to shear the layer, you drag the corresponding icon along a layer edge. If this option is unchecked (default), you may move away from this edge. If this option is checked, shear handles remain on this edge.

Perspective: normally, to change perspective, you drag the corresponding icon along a layer edge. If this option is unchecked (default), you may move away from this edge. If this option is checked, perspective handles remain on this edge or on a diagonal.

图 14.148. Perspective Constraint Option

Constrain not checked

Constrain checked

From pivot

Scale:

图 14.149. Scale from pivot

From pivot not checked, constrain checked

From pivot and constrain checked

Shear: When this option is unchecked (default), the opposite edge is fixed and the pivot moves with shearing. When the option is checked, shearing is performed around a fixed pivot and the opposite side is sheared by the same amount, but in the opposite direction.

Perspective: when this option is checked, the position of pivot is maintained.

图 14.150. Perspective from pivot

From pivot not checked, constrain checked

From pivot and constrain checked

Pivot

Snap: if this option is checked, the pivot snaps to center or to corners when it comes close to them.

Lock: locks pivot.

4.10.3. Key modifiers

Key modifiers are active when an action (move, scale, rotate…) is selected. Hold on:

• Shift to check all Constrain unchecked options and uncheck already checked ones if a transformation handle is selected, or, if the pivot is selected, to snap pivot to center or corner,

• Ctrl to check all “From pivot” unchecked options and uncheck already checked ones.