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GIMP v2.10 User Manual
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3. First Steps with GIMP

 Donate  来源:GIMP 浏览 111 扫码 分享 2024-03-17 21:17:31
  • 1. Basic Concepts
  • 2. Main Windows
  • 3. Undoing
  • 4. Common Tasks
  • 5. How to Draw Straight Lines
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  • GIMP v2.10 User Manual
  • GIMP v2.10 用户手册
  • Preface
  • I. Getting Started
    • 1. Introduction
      • 1. Welcome to GIMP
      • 2. What’s new in GIMP
    • 2. Fire up GIMP
      • 1. Running GIMP
      • 2. Configuration Folders
    • 3. First Steps with GIMP
      • 1. Basic Concepts
      • 2. Main Windows
        • 2.1. The Toolbox
        • 2.2. Image Window
        • 2.3. Dialogs and Docking
      • 3. Undoing
      • 4. Common Tasks
        • 4.1. Intention
        • 4.2. Change the Size of an Image for the screen
        • 4.3. Change the Size of an Image for print
        • 4.4. Compressing Images
        • 4.5. Crop An Image
        • 4.6. Find Info About Your Image
        • 4.7. Change the Mode
        • 4.8. Flip An Image
        • 4.9. Rotate An Image
        • 4.10. Separating an Object From Its Background
      • 5. How to Draw Straight Lines
        • 5.1. Intention
        • 5.2. Examples
    • 4. What to do if you are stuck
    • 1. There is a floating selection
      • 2. Common Causes of GIMP Non-Responsiveness
      • 2.2. The selection is hidden
      • 2.3. You are acting outside the selection
      • 2.4. The active drawable is not visible
      • 2.5. The active drawable is transparent
      • 2.6. You are trying to act outside the layer
      • 2.7. You are trying to act on a layer group
      • 2.8. The image is in indexed color mode.
      • 2.9. No visible effect when trying to use a brush, eraser or other tool
      • 2.10. No visible effect when trying to use the move tool, rotate or other transform tool
      • 2.11. Eraser and brushes no longer work
      • 2.12. Eraser does not make area transparent
      • 2.13. Unexpected colors when trying to use a brush or eraser
      • 2.14. The crop tool leaves an empty area after cropping
      • 2.15. I’ve been waiting for a long time and GIMP is not responding
      • 2.16. General guidelines on what to check if you are stuck
      • 3. How to fix missing windows and dialogs
      • 3.2. Tool options dialog is missing
      • 3.3. Some of the tool icons are missing
      • 3.4. The area showing the opened images at the top is missing
      • 4. How to fix problems exporting images
      • 4.2. I am exporting to a gif image and the colors changed
  • II. How do I Become a GIMP Wizard?
    • 5. Getting Images into GIMP
      • 2. Creating new Files
      • 3. Opening Files
      • 3.2. Open Location
      • 3.3. Open Recent
      • 3.4. Using External Programs
      • 3.5. File Manager
      • 3.6. Drag and Drop
      • 3.7. Copy and Paste
      • 3.8. Image Browser
    • 6. Getting Images out of GIMP
      • 2. Preparing your Images for the Web
      • 2.2. Reducing the File Size Even More
      • 2.3. Saving Images with Transparency
    • 7. Painting with GIMP
      • 2. Creating and Using Selections
      • 2.2. Adding or subtracting selections
      • 3. The QuickMask
      • 3.2. Properties
      • 4. Using QuickMask Mode
      • 5. Paths
      • 5.2. Path Properties
      • 5.3. Paths and Selections
      • 5.4. Transforming Paths
      • 5.5. Stroking a Path
      • 5.6. Paths and Text
      • 5.7. Paths and SVG files
      • 6. Brushes
      • 7. Adding New Brushes
      • 8. The GIH Dialog Box
      • 9. Changing brush size
      • 9.2. Creating a brush quickly
      • 10. Gradients
      • 11. Patterns
      • 12. Palettes
      • 13. Presets
      • 14. Drawing Simple Objects
      • 14.2. Creating a Basic Shape
    • 8. Combining Images
      • 2. Layer Modes
      • 2.2. Lighten Layer Modes
      • 2.3. Darken Layer Modes
      • 2.4. Contrast Layer Modes
      • 2.5. Inversion Layer Modes
      • 2.6. HSV Components Layer Modes
      • 2.7. LCh Components Layer Modes
      • 3. Legacy Layer Modes
      • 4. Creating New Layers
      • 5. Layer Groups
    • 9. Text Management
      • 2. Text
      • 2.2. Adding Fonts
      • 2.3. Font Problems
    • 10. Enhancing Photographs
    • 11. Color Management with GIMP
    • 12. Enrich my GIMP
      • 2. Grids and Guides
      • 2.2. Guides
      • 3. Rendering a Grid
      • 4. How to Set Your Tile Cache
      • 5. Creating Shortcuts to Menu Commands
      • 6. Customize Splash-Screen
    • 13. Scripting
      • 2. Using Script-Fu Scripts
      • 2.2. Installing Script-Fu scripts
      • 2.3. Do’s and Don’ts
      • 2.4. Different Kinds Of Script-Fus
      • 3. A Script-Fu Tutorial
      • 3.2. Variables And Functions
      • 3.3. Lists, Lists And More Lists
      • 3.4. Your First Script-Fu Script
      • 3.5. Giving Our Script Some Guts
      • 3.6. Extending The Text Box Script
      • 3.7. Your script and its working
  • III. Function Reference
    • 14. Tools
      • 2. Selection Tools
      • 2.2. Rectangle Selection
      • 2.3. Ellipse Selection
      • 2.4. Free Selection (Lasso)
      • 2.5. Fuzzy selection (Magic wand)
      • 2.6. Select By Color
      • 2.7. Intelligent Scissors
      • 2.8. Foreground Select
      • 3. Paint Tools
      • 3.2. Dynamics
      • 3.3. Brush Tools (Pencil, Paintbrush, Airbrush)
      • 3.4. Bucket Fill
      • 3.5. Gradient
      • 3.6. Pencil
      • 3.7. Paintbrush
      • 3.8. MyPaint Brush
      • 3.9. Eraser
      • 3.10. Airbrush
      • 3.11. Ink
      • 3.12. Clone
      • 3.13. Heal
      • 3.14. Perspective Clone
      • 3.15. Blur/Sharpen
      • 3.16. Smudge
      • 3.17. Dodge/Burn
      • 4. Transform Tools
      • 4.2. Align
      • 4.3. Move
      • 4.4. Crop
      • 4.5. Rotate
      • 4.6. Scale
      • 4.7. Shear
      • 4.8. Perspective
      • 4.9. 3D Transform
      • 4.10. Unified Transform
      • 4.11. Handle Transform
      • 4.12. Flip
      • 4.13. The Cage Tool
      • 4.14. Warp Transform
      • 5. Other
      • 5.2. Paths
      • 5.3. Color Picker
      • 5.4. Zoom
      • 5.5. Measure
      • 5.6. Text
      • 5.7. GEGL Operation
    • 15. Dialogs
      • 2. Image Structure Related Dialogs
      • 2.2. Channels Dialog
      • 2.3. Paths Dialog
      • 2.4. Colormap Dialog
      • 2.5. Histogram dialog
      • 2.6. Navigation Dialog
      • 2.7. Undo History Dialog
      • 3. Image-content Related Dialogs
      • 3.2. Brushes Dialog
      • 3.3. MyPaint Brushes Dialog
      • 3.4. Patterns Dialog
      • 3.5. Gradients Dialog
      • 3.6. Palettes Dialog
      • 3.7. Tagging
      • 3.8. Fonts Dialog
      • 4. Image Management Related Dialogs
      • 4.2. Images Dialog
      • 4.3. Document History Dialog
      • 4.4. Templates Dialog
      • 5. Miscellaneous Dialogs
      • 5.2. Tool Preset Editor
      • 5.3. Device Status Dialog
      • 5.4. Error Console
      • 5.5. Dashboard
      • 5.6. Save File
      • 5.7. Export File
      • 5.8. Sample Points Dialog
      • 5.9. Pointer Dialog
      • 5.10. Symmetry Painting dialog
      • 5.11. Keyboard Shortcuts Dialog
    • 16. Menus
      • 2. The “File” Menu
      • 2.2. New…
      • 2.3. Create
      • 2.4. File Open…
      • 2.5. Open as Layers…
      • 2.6. Open Location…
      • 2.7. Open Recent
      • 2.8. Save
      • 2.9. Save as…
      • 2.10. Save a Copy…
      • 2.11. Revert
      • 2.12. Export… and Overwrite…
      • 2.13. Export As…
      • 2.14. Create Template…
      • 2.15. Print
      • 2.16. Send by Email
      • 2.17. Copy Image Location
      • 2.18. Show in File Manager
      • 2.19. Close
      • 2.20. Close all
      • 2.21. Quit
      • 3. The “Edit” Menu
      • 3.2. Undo
      • 3.3. Redo
      • 3.4. Undo History
      • 3.5. Cut
      • 3.6. Copy
      • 3.7. Copy Visible
      • 3.8. Paste
      • 3.9. Paste Into Selection
      • 3.10. Paste In Place
      • 3.11. Paste Into Selection In Place
      • 3.12. Paste as
      • 3.13. Buffer
      • 3.14. Clear
      • 3.15. Fill with FG Color
      • 3.16. Fill with BG Color
      • 3.17. Fill with Pattern
      • 3.18. Fill Selection Outline
      • 3.19. Fill Path
      • 3.20. Stroke Selection
      • 3.21. Stroke Path
      • 3.22. Preferences
      • 3.23. Input Devices
      • 3.24. Keyboard Shortcuts
      • 3.25. Modules
      • 3.26. Units
      • 4. The “Select” Menu
      • 4.2. Select All
      • 4.3. None
      • 4.4. Invert
      • 4.5. Float
      • 4.6. By Color
      • 4.7. From Path
      • 4.8. Selection Editor
      • 4.9. Feather
      • 4.10. Sharpen
      • 4.11. Shrink
      • 4.12. Grow
      • 4.13. Border
      • 4.14. Remove Holes
      • 4.15. Distort
      • 4.16. Rounded Rectangle
      • 4.17. Toggle QuickMask
      • 4.18. Save to Channel
      • 4.19. To Path
      • 5. The “View” Menu
      • 5.2. New View
      • 5.3. Show All
      • 5.4. Dot for Dot
      • 5.5. Zoom
      • 5.6. Flip & Rotate (0°)
      • 5.7. Center Image in Window
      • 5.8. Shrink Wrap
      • 5.9. Full Screen
      • 5.10. Navigation Window
      • 5.11. Display Filters
      • 5.12. Color Management
      • 5.13. Show Selection
      • 5.14. Show Layer Boundary
      • 5.15. Show Canvas Boundary
      • 5.16. Show Guides
      • 5.17. Show Grid
      • 5.18. Show Sample Points
      • 5.19. Snap to Guides
      • 5.20. Snap to Grid
      • 5.21. Snap to Canvas
      • 5.22. Snap to Active Path
      • 5.23. Padding Color
      • 5.24. Show Menubar
      • 5.25. Show Rulers
      • 5.26. Show Scrollbars
      • 5.27. Show Statusbar
      • 6. The “Image” Menu
      • 6.2. Duplicate
      • 6.3. Mode
      • 6.4. RGB mode
      • 6.5. Grayscale mode
      • 6.6. Indexed mode
      • 6.7. Precision
      • 6.8. Color Management
      • 6.9. Enable Color Management
      • 6.10. Assign Color Profile
      • 6.11. Convert to Color Profile
      • 6.12. Discard Color Profile
      • 6.13. Save Color Profile to File
      • 6.14. Transform
      • 6.15. Flip Horizontally; Flip Vertically
      • 6.16. Rotation
      • 6.17. Canvas Size
      • 6.18. Fit Canvas to Layers
      • 6.19. Fit Canvas to Selection
      • 6.20. Print Size
      • 6.21. Scale Image
      • 6.22. Crop Image
      • 6.23. Slice Using Guides
      • 6.24. Zealous Crop
      • 6.25. Merge Visible Layers
      • 6.26. Flatten Image
      • 6.27. Align Visible Layers…
      • 6.28. Guides
      • 6.29. New Guide
      • 6.30. New Guide (by Percent)
      • 6.31. New Guides from Selection
      • 6.32. Remove all guides
      • 6.33. Configure Grid…
      • 6.34. Image Properties
      • 6.35. Metadata
      • 6.36. Metadata Viewer
      • 6.37. Metadata Editor
      • 7. The “Layer” Menu
      • 7.2. New Layer
      • 7.3. New From Visible
      • 7.4. New Layer Group
      • 7.5. Duplicate layer
      • 7.6. Anchor layer
      • 7.7. Merge Down
      • 7.8. Merge Layer Group
      • 7.9. Delete Layer
      • 7.10. The Text Commands of the Layer Menu
      • 7.11. Discard Text Information
      • 7.12. “Stack” Submenu
      • 7.13. Select Previous Layer
      • 7.14. Select Next Layer
      • 7.15. Select Top Layer
      • 7.16. Select Bottom Layer
      • 7.17. Raise Layer
      • 7.18. Lower Layer
      • 7.19. Layer to Top
      • 7.20. Layer to Bottom
      • 7.21. The “Reverse Layer Order” command
      • 7.22. The “Mask” Submenu
      • 7.23. Add Layer Mask
      • 7.24. Apply Layer Mask
      • 7.25. Delete Layer Mask
      • 7.26. Show Layer Mask
      • 7.27. Edit Layer Mask
      • 7.28. Disable Layer Mask
      • 7.29. Mask to Selection
      • 7.30. Add Layer Mask to Selection
      • 7.31. Subtract Layer Mask from Selection
      • 7.32. Intersect Layer Mask with Selection
      • 7.33. The “Transparency” Submenu of the “Layer” menu
      • 7.34. Add Alpha Channel
      • 7.35. Remove Alpha Channel
      • 7.36. Color to Alpha
      • 7.37. Semi-flatten
      • 7.38. Threshold Alpha
      • 7.39. Alpha to Selection
      • 7.40. Add Alpha channel to Selection
      • 7.41. Subtract from Selection
      • 7.42. Intersect Alpha channel with Selection
      • 7.43. The “Transform” Submenu
      • 7.44. Flip Horizontally
      • 7.45. Flip Vertically
      • 7.46. Rotate 90° clockwise
      • 7.47. Rotate 90° counter-clockwise
      • 7.48. Rotate 180°
      • 7.49. Arbitrary Rotation
      • 7.50. Offset
      • 7.51. Layer Boundary Size
      • 7.52. Layer to Image Size
      • 7.53. Scale Layer
      • 7.54. Crop Layer
      • 8. The “Colors” Menu
      • 8.2. Color Balance
      • 8.3. Color Temperature
      • 8.4. Hue Chroma
      • 8.5. Hue-Saturation
      • 8.6. Saturation
      • 8.7. Exposure
      • 8.8. Shadows-Highlights
      • 8.9. Brightness-Contrast
      • 8.10. Levels
      • 8.11. Curves
      • 8.12. Invert
      • 8.13. Linear Invert
      • 8.14. Value Invert
      • 8.15. The “Auto” Submenu
      • 8.16. Equalize
      • 8.17. White Balance
      • 8.18. Stretch Contrast
      • 8.19. Stretch Contrast HSV
      • 8.20. Color Enhance
      • 8.21. Color Enhance (legacy)
      • 8.22. The “Components” Submenu
      • 8.23. Channel Mixer
      • 8.24. Extract Component
      • 8.25. Mono Mixer
      • 8.26. Compose
      • 8.27. Decompose
      • 8.28. Recompose
      • 8.29. The “Desaturate” Submenu
      • 8.30. Color to Gray
      • 8.31. Desaturate
      • 8.32. Mono Mixer
      • 8.33. Sepia
      • 8.34. The “Map” Submenu
      • 8.35. Rearrange Colormap
      • 8.36. Set Colormap
      • 8.37. Alien Map
      • 8.38. Color Exchange
      • 8.39. Rotate Colors
      • 8.40. Gradient Map
      • 8.41. Palette Map
      • 8.42. Sample Colorize
      • 8.43. The “Tone Mapping” Submenu
      • 8.44. Fattal et al. 2002
      • 8.45. Mantiuk 2006
      • 8.46. Reinhard 2005
      • 8.47. Stress
      • 8.48. Retinex
      • 8.49. The “Info” Submenu
      • 8.50. Histogram
      • 8.51. Border Average
      • 8.52. Colorcube Analysis
      • 8.53. Export Histogram
      • 8.54. Smooth Palette
      • 8.55. Threshold
      • 8.56. Colorize
      • 8.57. Posterize
      • 8.58. Color to Alpha…
      • 8.59. Dither
      • 8.60. RGB Clip
      • 8.61. Hot…
      • 9. The “Tools” Menu
      • 10. The “Filters” Menu
      • 10.2. Repeat Last
      • 10.3. Re-show Last
      • 10.4. Reset All Filters
      • 10.5. The “Python-Fu” Submenu
      • 10.6. The “Script-Fu” Submenu
      • 11. “Windows” Menu
      • 12. The “Help” Menu
      • 12.2. Help
      • 12.3. Context Help
      • 12.4. Tip of the Day
      • 12.5. About
      • 12.6. Search and Run a Command
      • 12.7. Plug-In Browser
      • 12.8. The Procedure Browser
      • 12.9. Bug Reports and Feature Requests
      • 12.10. GIMP online
      • 12.11. User Manual
    • 17. Filters
      • 2. Common Features
      • 3. Blur Filters
      • 3.2. Focus Blur
      • 3.3. Gaussian Blur
      • 3.4. Lens Blur
      • 3.5. Mean Curvature Blur
      • 3.6. Median Blur
      • 3.7. Pixelize
      • 3.8. Selective Gaussian Blur
      • 3.9. Variable Blur
      • 3.10. Circular Motion Blur
      • 3.11. Linear Motion Blur
      • 3.12. Zoom Motion Blur
      • 3.13. Tileable Blur
      • 4. Enhance Filters
      • 4.2. Antialias
      • 4.3. Deinterlace
      • 4.4. High Pass
      • 4.5. Noise Reduction
      • 4.6. Red Eye Removal
      • 4.7. Symmetric Nearest Neighbor
      • 4.8. Sharpen (Unsharp Mask)
      • 4.9. Despeckle
      • 4.10. Destripe
      • 4.11. NL Filter
      • 4.12. Wavelet Decompose
      • 5. Distort Filters
      • 5.2. Apply Lens
      • 5.3. Emboss
      • 5.4. Engrave
      • 5.5. Lens Distortion
      • 5.6. Kaleidoscope
      • 5.7. Mosaic
      • 5.8. Newsprint
      • 5.9. Polar Coordinates
      • 5.10. Ripple
      • 5.11. Shift
      • 5.12. Spherize
      • 5.13. Value Propagate
      • 5.14. Video
      • 5.15. Waves
      • 5.16. Whirl and Pinch
      • 5.17. Wind
      • 5.18. Curve Bend
      • 5.19. Emboss (legacy)
      • 5.20. Page Curl
      • 6. Light and Shadow Filters
      • 6.2. Bloom
      • 6.3. Supernova
      • 6.4. Lens Flare
      • 6.5. Gradient Flare
      • 6.6. Lighting Effects
      • 6.7. Sparkle
      • 6.8. Drop Shadow
      • 6.9. Long Shadow
      • 6.10. Vignette
      • 6.11. Drop Shadow (legacy)
      • 6.12. Perspective
      • 6.13. Xach-Effect
      • 7. Noise Filters
      • 7.2. CIE lch Noise
      • 7.3. HSV Noise
      • 7.4. Hurl
      • 7.5. Pick
      • 7.6. RGB Noise
      • 7.7. Slur
      • 7.8. Spread
      • 8. Edge-Detect Filters
      • 8.2. Difference of Gaussians
      • 8.3. Edge
      • 8.4. Laplace
      • 8.5. Neon
      • 8.6. Sobel
      • 8.7. Image Gradient
      • 9. Generic Filters
      • 9.2. Convolution Matrix
      • 9.3. Distance Map
      • 9.4. GEGL graph
      • 9.5. Normal Map
      • 9.6. Dilate
      • 9.7. Erode
      • 10. Combine Filters
      • 10.2. Depth Merge
      • 10.3. Filmstrip
      • 11. Artistic Filters
      • 11.2. Apply Canvas
      • 11.3. Cartoon
      • 11.4. Cubism
      • 11.5. Glass Tile
      • 11.6. Oilify
      • 11.7. Photocopy
      • 11.8. Simple Linear Iterative Clustering (SLIC)
      • 11.9. Softglow
      • 11.10. Waterpixels
      • 11.11. Cartoon (legacy)
      • 11.12. Clothify
      • 11.13. GIMPressionist
      • 11.14. Oilify (legacy)
      • 11.15. Predator
      • 11.16. Softglow (legacy)
      • 11.17. Van Gogh (LIC)
      • 11.18. Weave
      • 12. Decor Filters
      • 12.2. Add Bevel
      • 12.3. Add Border
      • 12.4. Coffee Stain
      • 12.5. Fog
      • 12.6. Fuzzy Border
      • 12.7. Old Photo
      • 12.8. Round Corners
      • 12.9. Slide
      • 12.10. Stencil Carve
      • 12.11. Stencil Chrome
      • 13. Map Filters
      • 13.2. Bump Map
      • 13.3. Displace
      • 13.4. Fractal Trace
      • 13.5. Illusion
      • 13.6. Little Planet
      • 13.7. Panorama Projection
      • 13.8. Recursive Transform
      • 13.9. Paper Tile
      • 13.10. Tile Seamless
      • 13.11. Fractal Trace (legacy)
      • 13.12. Map Object
      • 13.13. Tile
      • 14. Rendering Filters
      • 14.2. Flame
      • 14.3. Fractal Explorer
      • 14.4. IFS Fractal
      • 14.5. Cell Noise
      • 14.6. Perlin Noise
      • 14.7. Plasma
      • 14.8. Simplex Noise
      • 14.9. Solid Noise
      • 14.10. Difference Clouds
      • 14.11. Bayer Matrix
      • 14.12. Checkerboard
      • 14.13. Diffraction Patterns
      • 14.14. Grid
      • 14.15. Linear Sinusoid
      • 14.16. Maze
      • 14.17. Sinus
      • 14.18. Spiral
      • 14.19. Checkerboard (legacy)
      • 14.20. CML Explorer
      • 14.21. Grid (legacy)
      • 14.22. Jigsaw
      • 14.23. Qbist
      • 14.24. Spyrogimp
      • 14.25. Circuit
      • 14.26. Gfig
      • 14.27. Lava
      • 14.28. Line Nova
      • 14.29. Sphere Designer
      • 15. Web Filters
      • 15.2. ImageMap
      • 15.3. Semi-Flatten
      • 15.4. Slice
      • 16. Animation Filters
      • 16.2. Blend
      • 16.3. Burn-In
      • 16.4. Rippling
      • 16.5. Spinning Globe
      • 16.6. Waves
      • 16.7. Optimize
      • 16.8. Playback
  • I. Keys and Mouse Reference
    • File
    • Edit
    • Select
    • View
    • Image
    • Layers
    • Tools
    • Filters
    • Windows
    • Help
    • Zoom tool
  • Glossary
  • Bibliography
  • A. GIMP History
    • 2. The Early Days of GIMP
    • 3. The One to Change the World
    • 4. Version 2.0
    • 5. What’s New in GIMP 2.2?
    • 6. What’s New in GIMP 2.4?
    • 7. What’s New in GIMP 2.6?
    • 8. What’s New in GIMP 2.8?
    • 9. What’s new in GIMP 2.10?
  • B. Reporting Bugs and Requesting Enhancements
    • 2. Reporting the Bug
  • C. How to Contribute
    • 2. Workflow
      • 2.2. Validating
      • 2.3. Images
      • 2.4. Create HTML Files
      • 2.5. Sending your files
    • 3. Annexes
    • 4. Working under Windows
  • D. Tone Mapping and Shadow Recovery Using GIMP’s ‘Colors/Exposure’
    • 2. A step-by-step example showing how to recover shadow information using high bit depth GIMP’s floating point “Colors/Exposure”
    • 3. Use Notes
    • 4. Conclusion
  • E. GNU Free Documentation License
    • 2. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
    • 3. VERBATIM COPYING
    • 4. COPYING IN QUANTITY
    • 5. MODIFICATIONS
    • 6. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
    • 7. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
    • 8. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
    • 9. TRANSLATION
    • 10. TERMINATION
    • 11. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
    • 12. ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
  • F. Eeek! There is Missing Help
  • Index
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