部署高可用 etcd 集群
kuberntes 系统使用 etcd 存储所有数据,本文档介绍部署一个三节点高可用 etcd 集群的步骤,这三个节点复用 kubernetes master 机器,分别命名为etcd-host0
、etcd-host1
、etcd-host2
:
- etcd-host0:10.64.3.7
- etcd-host1:10.64.3.8
- etcd-host2:10.66.3.86
使用的变量
本文档用到的变量定义如下:
$ export NODE_NAME=etcd-host0 # 当前部署的机器名称(随便定义,只要能区分不同机器即可)
$ export NODE_IP=10.64.3.7 # 当前部署的机器 IP
$ export NODE_IPS="10.64.3.7 10.64.3.8 10.66.3.86" # etcd 集群所有机器 IP
$ # etcd 集群间通信的IP和端口
$ export ETCD_NODES=etcd-host0=https://10.64.3.7:2380,etcd-host1=https://10.64.3.8:2380,etcd-host2=https://10.66.3.86:2380
$ # 导入用到的其它全局变量:ETCD_ENDPOINTS、FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX、CLUSTER_CIDR
$ source /root/local/bin/environment.sh
$
下载二进制文件
到 https://github.com/coreos/etcd/releases
页面下载最新版本的二进制文件:
$ wget https://github.com/coreos/etcd/releases/download/v3.1.6/etcd-v3.1.6-linux-amd64.tar.gz
$ tar -xvf etcd-v3.1.6-linux-amd64.tar.gz
$ sudo mv etcd-v3.1.6-linux-amd64/etcd* /root/local/bin
$
创建 TLS 秘钥和证书
为了保证通信安全,客户端(如 etcdctl) 与 etcd 集群、etcd 集群之间的通信需要使用 TLS 加密,本节创建 etcd TLS 加密所需的证书和私钥。
创建 etcd 证书签名请求:
$ cat > etcd-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "etcd",
"hosts": [
"127.0.0.1",
"${NODE_IP}"
],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"L": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
- hosts 字段指定授权使用该证书的 etcd 节点 IP;
生成 etcd 证书和私钥:
$ cfssl gencert -ca=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
-ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
-config=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json \
-profile=kubernetes etcd-csr.json | cfssljson -bare etcd
$ ls etcd*
etcd.csr etcd-csr.json etcd-key.pem etcd.pem
$ sudo mkdir -p /etc/etcd/ssl
$ sudo mv etcd*.pem /etc/etcd/ssl
$ rm etcd.csr etcd-csr.json
创建 etcd 的 systemd unit 文件
$ sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/etcd # 必须先创建工作目录
$ cat > etcd.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
Documentation=https://github.com/coreos
[Service]
Type=notify
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/etcd/
ExecStart=/root/local/bin/etcd \\
--name=${NODE_NAME} \\
--cert-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \\
--key-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \\
--peer-cert-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \\
--peer-key-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \\
--trusted-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--initial-advertise-peer-urls=https://${NODE_IP}:2380 \\
--listen-peer-urls=https://${NODE_IP}:2380 \\
--listen-client-urls=https://${NODE_IP}:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379 \\
--advertise-client-urls=https://${NODE_IP}:2379 \\
--initial-cluster-token=etcd-cluster-0 \\
--initial-cluster=${ETCD_NODES} \\
--initial-cluster-state=new \\
--data-dir=/var/lib/etcd
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
- 指定
etcd
的工作目录和数据目录为/var/lib/etcd
,需在启动服务前创建这个目录; - 为了保证通信安全,需要指定 etcd 的公私钥(cert-file和key-file)、Peers 通信的公私钥和 CA 证书(peer-cert-file、peer-key-file、peer-trusted-ca-file)、客户端的CA证书(trusted-ca-file);
--initial-cluster-state
值为new
时,--name
的参数值必须位于--initial-cluster
列表中;
完整 unit 文件见:etcd.service
启动 etcd 服务
$ sudo mv etcd.service /etc/systemd/system/
$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
$ sudo systemctl enable etcd
$ sudo systemctl start etcd
$ systemctl status etcd
$
最先启动的 etcd 进程会卡住一段时间,等待其它节点上的 etcd 进程加入集群,为正常现象。
在所有的 etcd 节点重复上面的步骤,直到所有机器的 etcd 服务都已启动。
验证服务
部署完 etcd 集群后,在任一 etcd 集群节点上执行如下命令:
$ for ip in ${NODE_IPS}; do
ETCDCTL_API=3 /root/local/bin/etcdctl \
--endpoints=https://${ip}:2379 \
--cacert=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--cert=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \
--key=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \
endpoint health; done
预期结果:
2017-04-10 14:50:50.011317 I | warning: ignoring ServerName for user-provided CA for backwards compatibility is deprecated
https://10.64.3.7:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 1.687897ms
2017-04-10 14:50:50.061577 I | warning: ignoring ServerName for user-provided CA for backwards compatibility is deprecated
https://10.64.3.8:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 1.246915ms
2017-04-10 14:50:50.104718 I | warning: ignoring ServerName for user-provided CA for backwards compatibility is deprecated
https://10.66.3.86:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 1.509229ms
三台 etcd 的输出均为 healthy 时表示集群服务正常(忽略 warning 信息)。