06-1.部署高可用组件

本文档讲解使用 keepalived 和 haproxy 实现 kube-apiserver 高可用的步骤:

  • keepalived 提供 kube-apiserver 对外服务的 VIP;
  • haproxy 监听 VIP,后端连接所有 kube-apiserver 实例,提供健康检查和负载均衡功能;

运行 keepalived 和 haproxy 的节点称为 LB 节点。由于 keepalived 是一主多备运行模式,故至少两个 LB 节点。

本文档复用 master 节点的三台机器,haproxy 监听的端口(8443) 需要与 kube-apiserver 的端口 6443 不同,避免冲突。

keepalived 在运行过程中周期检查本机的 haproxy 进程状态,如果检测到 haproxy 进程异常,则触发重新选主的过程,VIP 将飘移到新选出来的主节点,从而实现 VIP 的高可用。

所有组件(如 kubeclt、apiserver、controller-manager、scheduler 等)都通过 VIP 和 haproxy 监听的 8443 端口访问 kube-apiserver 服务。

安装软件包

  1. source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
  2. for node_ip in ${NODE_IPS[@]}
  3. do
  4. echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
  5. ssh root@${node_ip} "yum install -y keepalived haproxy"
  6. done

配置和下发 haproxy 配置文件

haproxy 配置文件:

  1. cat > haproxy.cfg <<EOF
  2. global
  3. log /dev/log local0
  4. log /dev/log local1 notice
  5. chroot /var/lib/haproxy
  6. stats socket /var/run/haproxy-admin.sock mode 660 level admin
  7. stats timeout 30s
  8. user haproxy
  9. group haproxy
  10. daemon
  11. nbproc 1
  12. defaults
  13. log global
  14. timeout connect 5000
  15. timeout client 10m
  16. timeout server 10m
  17. listen admin_stats
  18. bind 0.0.0.0:10080
  19. mode http
  20. log 127.0.0.1 local0 err
  21. stats refresh 30s
  22. stats uri /status
  23. stats realm welcome login\ Haproxy
  24. stats auth admin:123456
  25. stats hide-version
  26. stats admin if TRUE
  27. listen kube-master
  28. bind 0.0.0.0:8443
  29. mode tcp
  30. option tcplog
  31. balance source
  32. server 172.27.129.105 172.27.129.105:6443 check inter 2000 fall 2 rise 2 weight 1
  33. server 172.27.129.111 172.27.129.111:6443 check inter 2000 fall 2 rise 2 weight 1
  34. server 172.27.129.112 172.27.129.112:6443 check inter 2000 fall 2 rise 2 weight 1
  35. EOF
  • haproxy 在 10080 端口输出 status 信息;
  • haproxy 监听所有接口的 8443 端口,该端口与环境变量 ${KUBE_APISERVER} 指定的端口必须一致;
  • server 字段列出所有 kube-apiserver 监听的 IP 和端口;

下发 haproxy.cfg 到所有 master 节点:

  1. source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
  2. for node_ip in ${NODE_IPS[@]}
  3. do
  4. echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
  5. scp haproxy.cfg root@${node_ip}:/etc/haproxy
  6. done

起 haproxy 服务

  1. source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
  2. for node_ip in ${NODE_IPS[@]}
  3. do
  4. echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
  5. ssh root@${node_ip} "systemctl restart haproxy"
  6. done

检查 haproxy 服务状态

  1. source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
  2. for node_ip in ${NODE_IPS[@]}
  3. do
  4. echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
  5. ssh root@${node_ip} "systemctl status haproxy|grep Active"
  6. done

确保状态为 active (running),否则查看日志,确认原因:

  1. journalctl -u haproxy

检查 haproxy 是否监听 8443 端口:

  1. source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
  2. for node_ip in ${NODE_IPS[@]}
  3. do
  4. echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
  5. ssh root@${node_ip} "netstat -lnpt|grep haproxy"
  6. done

确保输出类似于:

  1. tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8443 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 120583/haproxy

配置和下发 keepalived 配置文件

keepalived 是一主(master)多备(backup)运行模式,故有两种类型的配置文件。master 配置文件只有一份,backup 配置文件视节点数目而定,对于本文档而言,规划如下:

  • master: 172.27.129.105
  • backup:172.27.129.111、172.27.129.112

master 配置文件:

  1. source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
  2. cat > keepalived-master.conf <<EOF
  3. global_defs {
  4. router_id lb-master-105
  5. }
  6. vrrp_script check-haproxy {
  7. script "killall -0 haproxy"
  8. interval 5
  9. weight -30
  10. }
  11. vrrp_instance VI-kube-master {
  12. state MASTER
  13. priority 120
  14. dont_track_primary
  15. interface ${VIP_IF}
  16. virtual_router_id 68
  17. advert_int 3
  18. track_script {
  19. check-haproxy
  20. }
  21. virtual_ipaddress {
  22. ${MASTER_VIP}
  23. }
  24. }
  25. EOF
  • VIP 所在的接口(interface ${VIP_IF})为 eth0
  • 使用 killall -0 haproxy 命令检查所在节点的 haproxy 进程是否正常。如果异常则将权重减少(-30),从而触发重新选主过程;
  • router_id、virtual_router_id 用于标识属于该 HA 的 keepalived 实例,如果有多套 keepalived HA,则必须各不相同;

backup 配置文件:

  1. source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
  2. cat > keepalived-backup.conf <<EOF
  3. global_defs {
  4. router_id lb-backup-105
  5. }
  6. vrrp_script check-haproxy {
  7. script "killall -0 haproxy"
  8. interval 5
  9. weight -30
  10. }
  11. vrrp_instance VI-kube-master {
  12. state BACKUP
  13. priority 110
  14. dont_track_primary
  15. interface ${VIP_IF}
  16. virtual_router_id 68
  17. advert_int 3
  18. track_script {
  19. check-haproxy
  20. }
  21. virtual_ipaddress {
  22. ${MASTER_VIP}
  23. }
  24. }
  25. EOF
  • VIP 所在的接口(interface ${VIP_IF})为 eth0
  • 使用 killall -0 haproxy 命令检查所在节点的 haproxy 进程是否正常。如果异常则将权重减少(-30),从而触发重新选主过程;
  • router_id、virtual_router_id 用于标识属于该 HA 的 keepalived 实例,如果有多套 keepalived HA,则必须各不相同;
  • priority 的值必须小于 master 的值;

下发 keepalived 配置文件

下发 master 配置文件:

  1. scp keepalived-master.conf root@172.27.129.105:/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

下发 backup 配置文件:

  1. scp keepalived-backup.conf root@172.27.129.111:/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
  2. scp keepalived-backup.conf root@172.27.129.112:/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

起 keepalived 服务

  1. source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
  2. for node_ip in ${NODE_IPS[@]}
  3. do
  4. echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
  5. ssh root@${node_ip} "systemctl restart keepalived"
  6. done

检查 keepalived 服务

  1. source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
  2. for node_ip in ${NODE_IPS[@]}
  3. do
  4. echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
  5. ssh root@${node_ip} "systemctl status keepalived|grep Active"
  6. done

确保状态为 active (running),否则查看日志,确认原因:

  1. journalctl -u keepalived

查看 VIP 所在的节点,确保可以 ping 通 VIP:

  1. source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
  2. for node_ip in ${NODE_IPS[@]}
  3. do
  4. echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
  5. ssh ${node_ip} "/usr/sbin/ip addr show ${VIP_IF}"
  6. ssh ${node_ip} "ping -c 1 ${MASTER_VIP}"
  7. done

查看 haproxy 状态页面

浏览器访问 ${MASTER_VIP}:10080/status 地址,查看 haproxy 状态页面:

haproxy