Configuration

Configuration

By default, the Table & SQL API is preconfigured for producing accurate results with acceptable performance.

Depending on the requirements of a table program, it might be necessary to adjust certain parameters for optimization. For example, unbounded streaming programs may need to ensure that the required state size is capped (see streaming concepts).

Overview

When instantiating a TableEnvironment, EnviromentSettings can be used to pass the desired configuration for the current session, by passing a Configuration object to the EnviromentSettings.

Additionally, in every table environment, the TableConfig offers options for configuring the current session.

For common or important configuration options, the TableConfig provides getters and setters methods with detailed inline documentation.

For more advanced configuration, users can directly access the underlying key-value map. The following sections list all available options that can be used to adjust Flink Table & SQL API programs.

Attention Because options are read at different point in time when performing operations, it is recommended to set configuration options early after instantiating a table environment.

Java

// instantiate table environment
Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
// set low-level key-value options
configuration.setString("table.exec.mini-batch.enabled", "true");
configuration.setString("table.exec.mini-batch.allow-latency", "5 s");
configuration.setString("table.exec.mini-batch.size", "5000");
EnvironmentSettings settings = EnvironmentSettings.newInstance()
        .inStreamingMode().withConfiguration(configuration).build();
TableEnvironment tEnv = TableEnvironment.create(settings);
// access flink configuration after table environment instantiation
TableConfig tableConfig = tEnv.getConfig();
// set low-level key-value options
tableConfig.set("table.exec.mini-batch.enabled", "true");
tableConfig.set("table.exec.mini-batch.allow-latency", "5 s");
tableConfig.set("table.exec.mini-batch.size", "5000");

Scala

// instantiate table environment
val configuration = new Configuration;
// set low-level key-value options
configuration.setString("table.exec.mini-batch.enabled", "true")
configuration.setString("table.exec.mini-batch.allow-latency", "5 s")
configuration.setString("table.exec.mini-batch.size", "5000")
val settings = EnvironmentSettings.newInstance
  .inStreamingMode.withConfiguration(configuration).build
val tEnv: TableEnvironment = TableEnvironment.create(settings)
// access flink configuration after table environment instantiation
val tableConfig = tEnv.getConfig()
// set low-level key-value options
tableConfig.set("table.exec.mini-batch.enabled", "true")
tableConfig.set("table.exec.mini-batch.allow-latency", "5 s")
tableConfig.set("table.exec.mini-batch.size", "5000")

Python

# instantiate table environment
configuration = Configuration()
configuration.set("table.exec.mini-batch.enabled", "true")
configuration.set("table.exec.mini-batch.allow-latency", "5 s")
configuration.set("table.exec.mini-batch.size", "5000")
settings = EnvironmentSettings.new_instance() \
...     .in_streaming_mode() \
...     .with_configuration(configuration) \
...     .build()
t_env = TableEnvironment.create(settings)
# access flink configuration after table environment instantiation
table_config = t_env.get_config()
# set low-level key-value options
table_config.set("table.exec.mini-batch.enabled", "true")
table_config.set("table.exec.mini-batch.allow-latency", "5 s")
table_config.set("table.exec.mini-batch.size", "5000")

SQL CLI

Flink SQL> SET 'table.exec.mini-batch.enabled' = 'true';
Flink SQL> SET 'table.exec.mini-batch.allow-latency' = '5s';
Flink SQL> SET 'table.exec.mini-batch.size' = '5000';

Note: All of the following configuration options can also be set globally in conf/flink-conf.yaml (see configuration and can be later on overridden in the application, through EnvironmentSettings, before instantiating the TableEnvironment, or through the TableConfig of the TableEnvironment.

Execution Options

The following options can be used to tune the performance of the query execution.

Key	Default	Type	Description
table.exec.async-lookup.buffer-capacity Batch Streaming	100	Integer	The max number of async i/o operation that the async lookup join can trigger.
table.exec.async-lookup.timeout Batch Streaming	3 min	Duration	The async timeout for the asynchronous operation to complete.
table.exec.deduplicate.insert-update-after-sensitive-enabled Streaming	true	Boolean	Set whether the job (especially the sinks) is sensitive to INSERT messages and UPDATE_AFTER messages. If false, Flink may, sometimes (e.g. deduplication for last row), send UPDATE_AFTER instead of INSERT for the first row. If true, Flink will guarantee to send INSERT for the first row, in that case there will be additional overhead. Default is true.
table.exec.deduplicate.mini-batch.compact-changes-enabled Streaming	false	Boolean	Set whether to compact the changes sent downstream in row-time mini-batch. If true, Flink will compact changes and send only the latest change downstream. Note that if the downstream needs the details of versioned data, this optimization cannot be applied. If false, Flink will send all changes to downstream just like when the mini-batch is not enabled.
table.exec.disabled-operators Batch	(none)	String	Mainly for testing. A comma-separated list of operator names, each name represents a kind of disabled operator. Operators that can be disabled include “NestedLoopJoin”, “ShuffleHashJoin”, “BroadcastHashJoin”, “SortMergeJoin”, “HashAgg”, “SortAgg”. By default no operator is disabled.
table.exec.legacy-cast-behaviour Batch Streaming	DISABLED	Enum	Determines whether CAST will operate following the legacy behaviour or the new one that introduces various fixes and improvements. Possible values: “ENABLED”: CAST will operate following the legacy behaviour. “DISABLED”: CAST will operate following the new correct behaviour.
table.exec.mini-batch.allow-latency Streaming	0 ms	Duration	The maximum latency can be used for MiniBatch to buffer input records. MiniBatch is an optimization to buffer input records to reduce state access. MiniBatch is triggered with the allowed latency interval and when the maximum number of buffered records reached. NOTE: If table.exec.mini-batch.enabled is set true, its value must be greater than zero.
table.exec.mini-batch.enabled Streaming	false	Boolean	Specifies whether to enable MiniBatch optimization. MiniBatch is an optimization to buffer input records to reduce state access. This is disabled by default. To enable this, users should set this config to true. NOTE: If mini-batch is enabled, ‘table.exec.mini-batch.allow-latency’ and ‘table.exec.mini-batch.size’ must be set.
table.exec.mini-batch.size Streaming	-1	Long	The maximum number of input records can be buffered for MiniBatch. MiniBatch is an optimization to buffer input records to reduce state access. MiniBatch is triggered with the allowed latency interval and when the maximum number of buffered records reached. NOTE: MiniBatch only works for non-windowed aggregations currently. If table.exec.mini-batch.enabled is set true, its value must be positive.
table.exec.rank.topn-cache-size Streaming	10000	Long	Rank operators have a cache which caches partial state contents to reduce state access. Cache size is the number of records in each ranking task.
table.exec.resource.default-parallelism Batch Streaming	-1	Integer	Sets default parallelism for all operators (such as aggregate, join, filter) to run with parallel instances. This config has a higher priority than parallelism of StreamExecutionEnvironment (actually, this config overrides the parallelism of StreamExecutionEnvironment). A value of -1 indicates that no default parallelism is set, then it will fallback to use the parallelism of StreamExecutionEnvironment.
table.exec.simplify-operator-name-enabled Batch Streaming	true	Boolean	When it is true, the optimizer will simplify the operator name with id and type of ExecNode and keep detail in description. Default value is true.
table.exec.sink.keyed-shuffle Streaming	AUTO	Enum	In order to minimize the distributed disorder problem when writing data into table with primary keys that many users suffers. FLINK will auto add a keyed shuffle by default when the sink’s parallelism differs from upstream operator and upstream is append only. This works only when the upstream ensures the multi-records’ order on the primary key, if not, the added shuffle can not solve the problem (In this situation, a more proper way is to consider the deduplicate operation for the source firstly or use an upsert source with primary key definition which truly reflect the records evolution). By default, the keyed shuffle will be added when the sink’s parallelism differs from upstream operator. You can set to no shuffle(NONE) or force shuffle(FORCE). Possible values: “NONE” “AUTO” “FORCE”
table.exec.sink.not-null-enforcer Batch Streaming	ERROR	Enum	Determines how Flink enforces NOT NULL column constraints when inserting null values. Possible values: “ERROR”: Throw a runtime exception when writing null values into NOT NULL column. “DROP”: Drop records silently if a null value would have to be inserted into a NOT NULL column.
table.exec.sink.type-length-enforcer Batch Streaming	IGNORE	Enum	Determines whether values for columns with CHAR(<length>)/VARCHAR(<length>)/BINARY(<length>)/VARBINARY(<length>) types will be trimmed or padded (only for CHAR(<length>)/BINARY(<length>)), so that their length will match the one defined by the length of their respective CHAR/VARCHAR/BINARY/VARBINARY column type. Possible values: “IGNORE”: Don’t apply any trimming and padding, and instead ignore the CHAR/VARCHAR/BINARY/VARBINARY length directive. “TRIM_PAD”: Trim and pad string and binary values to match the length defined by the CHAR/VARCHAR/BINARY/VARBINARY length.
table.exec.sink.upsert-materialize Streaming	AUTO	Enum	Because of the disorder of ChangeLog data caused by Shuffle in distributed system, the data received by Sink may not be the order of global upsert. So add upsert materialize operator before upsert sink. It receives the upstream changelog records and generate an upsert view for the downstream. By default, the materialize operator will be added when a distributed disorder occurs on unique keys. You can also choose no materialization(NONE) or force materialization(FORCE). Possible values: “NONE” “AUTO” “FORCE”
table.exec.sort.async-merge-enabled Batch	true	Boolean	Whether to asynchronously merge sorted spill files.
table.exec.sort.default-limit Batch	-1	Integer	Default limit when user don’t set a limit after order by. -1 indicates that this configuration is ignored.
table.exec.sort.max-num-file-handles Batch	128	Integer	The maximal fan-in for external merge sort. It limits the number of file handles per operator. If it is too small, may cause intermediate merging. But if it is too large, it will cause too many files opened at the same time, consume memory and lead to random reading.
table.exec.source.cdc-events-duplicate Streaming	false	Boolean	Indicates whether the CDC (Change Data Capture) sources in the job will produce duplicate change events that requires the framework to deduplicate and get consistent result. CDC source refers to the source that produces full change events, including INSERT/UPDATE_BEFORE/UPDATE_AFTER/DELETE, for example Kafka source with Debezium format. The value of this configuration is false by default. However, it’s a common case that there are duplicate change events. Because usually the CDC tools (e.g. Debezium) work in at-least-once delivery when failover happens. Thus, in the abnormal situations Debezium may deliver duplicate change events to Kafka and Flink will get the duplicate events. This may cause Flink query to get wrong results or unexpected exceptions. Therefore, it is recommended to turn on this configuration if your CDC tool is at-least-once delivery. Enabling this configuration requires to define PRIMARY KEY on the CDC sources. The primary key will be used to deduplicate change events and generate normalized changelog stream at the cost of an additional stateful operator.
table.exec.source.idle-timeout Streaming	0 ms	Duration	When a source do not receive any elements for the timeout time, it will be marked as temporarily idle. This allows downstream tasks to advance their watermarks without the need to wait for watermarks from this source while it is idle. Default value is 0, which means detecting source idleness is not enabled.
table.exec.spill-compression.block-size Batch	64 kb	MemorySize	The memory size used to do compress when spilling data. The larger the memory, the higher the compression ratio, but more memory resource will be consumed by the job.
table.exec.spill-compression.enabled Batch	true	Boolean	Whether to compress spilled data. Currently we only support compress spilled data for sort and hash-agg and hash-join operators.
table.exec.state.ttl Streaming	0 ms	Duration	Specifies a minimum time interval for how long idle state (i.e. state which was not updated), will be retained. State will never be cleared until it was idle for less than the minimum time, and will be cleared at some time after it was idle. Default is never clean-up the state. NOTE: Cleaning up state requires additional overhead for bookkeeping. Default value is 0, which means that it will never clean up state.
table.exec.window-agg.buffer-size-limit Batch	100000	Integer	Sets the window elements buffer size limit used in group window agg operator.

Optimizer Options

The following options can be used to adjust the behavior of the query optimizer to get a better execution plan.

Key	Default	Type	Description
table.optimizer.agg-phase-strategy Batch Streaming	“AUTO”	String	Strategy for aggregate phase. Only AUTO, TWO_PHASE or ONE_PHASE can be set. AUTO: No special enforcer for aggregate stage. Whether to choose two stage aggregate or one stage aggregate depends on cost. TWO_PHASE: Enforce to use two stage aggregate which has localAggregate and globalAggregate. Note that if aggregate call does not support optimize into two phase, we will still use one stage aggregate. ONE_PHASE: Enforce to use one stage aggregate which only has CompleteGlobalAggregate.
table.optimizer.distinct-agg.split.bucket-num Streaming	1024	Integer	Configure the number of buckets when splitting distinct aggregation. The number is used in the first level aggregation to calculate a bucket key ‘hash_code(distinct_key) % BUCKET_NUM’ which is used as an additional group key after splitting.
table.optimizer.distinct-agg.split.enabled Streaming	false	Boolean	Tells the optimizer whether to split distinct aggregation (e.g. COUNT(DISTINCT col), SUM(DISTINCT col)) into two level. The first aggregation is shuffled by an additional key which is calculated using the hashcode of distinct_key and number of buckets. This optimization is very useful when there is data skew in distinct aggregation and gives the ability to scale-up the job. Default is false.
table.optimizer.join-reorder-enabled Batch Streaming	false	Boolean	Enables join reorder in optimizer. Default is disabled.
table.optimizer.join.broadcast-threshold Batch	1048576	Long	Configures the maximum size in bytes for a table that will be broadcast to all worker nodes when performing a join. By setting this value to -1 to disable broadcasting.
table.optimizer.multiple-input-enabled Batch	true	Boolean	When it is true, the optimizer will merge the operators with pipelined shuffling into a multiple input operator to reduce shuffling and improve performance. Default value is true.
table.optimizer.reuse-source-enabled Batch Streaming	true	Boolean	When it is true, the optimizer will try to find out duplicated table sources and reuse them. This works only when table.optimizer.reuse-sub-plan-enabled is true.
table.optimizer.reuse-sub-plan-enabled Batch Streaming	true	Boolean	When it is true, the optimizer will try to find out duplicated sub-plans and reuse them.
table.optimizer.source.aggregate-pushdown-enabled Batch	true	Boolean	When it is true, the optimizer will push down the local aggregates into the TableSource which implements SupportsAggregatePushDown.
table.optimizer.source.predicate-pushdown-enabled Batch Streaming	true	Boolean	When it is true, the optimizer will push down predicates into the FilterableTableSource. Default value is true.

Table Options

The following options can be used to adjust the behavior of the table planner.

Key	Default	Type	Description
table.builtin-catalog-name Batch Streaming	“default_catalog”	String	The name of the initial catalog to be created when instantiating a TableEnvironment.
table.builtin-database-name Batch Streaming	“default_database”	String	The name of the default database in the initial catalog to be created when instantiating TableEnvironment.
table.dml-sync Batch Streaming	false	Boolean	Specifies if the DML job (i.e. the insert operation) is executed asynchronously or synchronously. By default, the execution is async, so you can submit multiple DML jobs at the same time. If set this option to true, the insert operation will wait for the job to finish.
table.dynamic-table-options.enabled Batch Streaming	true	Boolean	Enable or disable the OPTIONS hint used to specify table options dynamically, if disabled, an exception would be thrown if any OPTIONS hint is specified
table.generated-code.max-length Batch Streaming	4000	Integer	Specifies a threshold where generated code will be split into sub-function calls. Java has a maximum method length of 64 KB. This setting allows for finer granularity if necessary. Default value is 4000 instead of 64KB as by default JIT refuses to work on methods with more than 8K byte code.
table.local-time-zone Batch Streaming	“default”	String	The local time zone defines current session time zone id. It is used when converting to/from <code>TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE</code>. Internally, timestamps with local time zone are always represented in the UTC time zone. However, when converting to data types that don’t include a time zone (e.g. TIMESTAMP, TIME, or simply STRING), the session time zone is used during conversion. The input of option is either a full name such as “America/Los_Angeles”, or a custom timezone id such as “GMT-08:00”.
table.plan.compile.catalog-objects Batch Streaming	ALL	Enum	Strategy how to persist catalog objects such as tables, functions, or data types into a plan during compilation. It influences the need for catalog metadata to be present during a restore operation and affects the plan size. This configuration option does not affect anonymous/inline or temporary objects. Anonymous/inline objects will be persisted entirely (including schema and options) if possible or fail the compilation otherwise. Temporary objects will be persisted only by their identifier and the object needs to be present in the session context during a restore. Possible values: “ALL”: All metadata about catalog tables, functions, or data types will be persisted into the plan during compilation. For catalog tables, this includes the table’s identifier, schema, and options. For catalog functions, this includes the function’s identifier and class. For catalog data types, this includes the identifier and entire type structure. With this strategy, the catalog’s metadata doesn’t have to be available anymore during a restore operation. “SCHEMA”: In addition to an identifier, schema information about catalog tables, functions, or data types will be persisted into the plan during compilation. A schema allows for detecting incompatible changes in the catalog during a plan restore operation. However, all other metadata will still be retrieved from the catalog. “IDENTIFIER”: Only the identifier of catalog tables, functions, or data types will be persisted into the plan during compilation. All metadata will be retrieved from the catalog during a restore operation. With this strategy, plans become less verbose.
table.plan.force-recompile Streaming	false	Boolean	When false COMPILE PLAN statement will fail if the output plan file is already existing, unless the clause IF NOT EXISTS is used. When true COMPILE PLAN will overwrite the existing output plan file. We strongly suggest to enable this flag only for debugging purpose.
table.plan.restore.catalog-objects Batch Streaming	ALL	Enum	Strategy how to restore catalog objects such as tables, functions, or data types using a given plan and performing catalog lookups if necessary. It influences the need for catalog metadata to bepresent and enables partial enrichment of plan information. Possible values: “ALL”: Reads all metadata about catalog tables, functions, or data types that has been persisted in the plan. The strategy performs a catalog lookup by identifier to fill in missing information or enrich mutable options. If the original object is not available in the catalog anymore, pipelines can still be restored if all information necessary is contained in the plan. “ALL_ENFORCED”: Requires that all metadata about catalog tables, functions, or data types has been persisted in the plan. The strategy will neither perform a catalog lookup by identifier nor enrich mutable options with catalog information. A restore will fail if not all information necessary is contained in the plan. “IDENTIFIER”: Uses only the identifier of catalog tables, functions, or data types and always performs a catalog lookup. A restore will fail if the original object is not available in the catalog anymore. Additional metadata that might be contained in the plan will be ignored.
table.sql-dialect Batch Streaming	“default”	String	The SQL dialect defines how to parse a SQL query. A different SQL dialect may support different SQL grammar. Currently supported dialects are: default and hive

SQL Client Options

The following options can be used to adjust the behavior of the sql client.

Key	Default	Type	Description
sql-client.display.max-column-width Streaming	30	Integer	When printing the query results, this parameter determines the number of characters shown on screen before truncating.This only applies to columns with variable-length types (e.g. STRING) in streaming mode.Fixed-length types and all types in batch mode are printed using a deterministic column width
sql-client.execution.max-table-result.rows Batch Streaming	1000000	Integer	The number of rows to cache when in the table mode. If the number of rows exceeds the specified value, it retries the row in the FIFO style.
sql-client.execution.result-mode Batch Streaming	TABLE	Enum	Determines how the query result should be displayed. Possible values: “TABLE”: Materializes results in memory and visualizes them in a regular, paginated table representation. “CHANGELOG”: Visualizes the result stream that is produced by a continuous query. “TABLEAU”: Display results in the screen directly in a tableau format.
sql-client.verbose Batch Streaming	false	Boolean	Determine whether to output the verbose output to the console. If set the option true, it will print the exception stack. Otherwise, it only output the cause.

Configuration

Configuration

Overview

Execution Options

table.exec.async-lookup.buffer-capacity

table.exec.async-lookup.timeout

table.exec.deduplicate.insert-update-after-sensitive-enabled

table.exec.deduplicate.mini-batch.compact-changes-enabled

table.exec.disabled-operators

table.exec.legacy-cast-behaviour

table.exec.mini-batch.allow-latency

table.exec.mini-batch.enabled

table.exec.mini-batch.size

table.exec.rank.topn-cache-size

table.exec.resource.default-parallelism

table.exec.simplify-operator-name-enabled

table.exec.sink.keyed-shuffle

table.exec.sink.not-null-enforcer

table.exec.sink.type-length-enforcer

table.exec.sink.upsert-materialize

table.exec.sort.async-merge-enabled

table.exec.sort.default-limit

table.exec.sort.max-num-file-handles

table.exec.source.cdc-events-duplicate

table.exec.source.idle-timeout

table.exec.spill-compression.block-size

table.exec.spill-compression.enabled

table.exec.state.ttl

table.exec.window-agg.buffer-size-limit

Optimizer Options

table.optimizer.agg-phase-strategy

table.optimizer.distinct-agg.split.bucket-num

table.optimizer.distinct-agg.split.enabled

table.optimizer.join-reorder-enabled

table.optimizer.join.broadcast-threshold

table.optimizer.multiple-input-enabled

table.optimizer.reuse-source-enabled

table.optimizer.reuse-sub-plan-enabled

table.optimizer.source.aggregate-pushdown-enabled

table.optimizer.source.predicate-pushdown-enabled

Table Options

table.builtin-catalog-name

table.builtin-database-name

table.dml-sync

table.dynamic-table-options.enabled

table.generated-code.max-length

table.local-time-zone

table.plan.compile.catalog-objects

table.plan.force-recompile

table.plan.restore.catalog-objects

table.sql-dialect

SQL Client Options

sql-client.display.max-column-width

sql-client.execution.max-table-result.rows

sql-client.execution.result-mode

sql-client.verbose