Hadoop 集成

Providing Hadoop classes

In order to use Hadoop features (e.g., YARN, HDFS) it is necessary to provide Flink with the required Hadoop classes, as these are not bundled by default.

The recommended approach is adding the Hadoop classpath to Flink through the HADOOP_CLASSPATH environment variable.

Flink will use the environment variable HADOOP_CLASSPATH to augment the classpath that is used when starting Flink components such as the Client, JobManager, or TaskManager. Most Hadoop distributions and cloud environments will not set this variable by default so if the Hadoop classpath should be picked up by Flink the environment variable must be exported on all machines that are running Flink components.

When running on YARN, this is usually not a problem because the components running inside YARN will be started with the Hadoop classpaths, but it can happen that the Hadoop dependencies must be in the classpath when submitting a job to YARN. For this, it’s usually enough to run

export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=`hadoop classpath`

in the shell. Note that hadoop is the hadoop binary and that classpath is an argument that will make it print the configured Hadoop classpath. The classpath returned by hadoop classpath also includes the Hadoop configuration directories.

If you are manually assembling the HADOOP_CLASSPATH variable, we recommend adding the Hadoop configuration directories as well.

Running a job locally

To run a job locally as one JVM process using the mini cluster, the required hadoop dependencies have to be explicitly added to the classpath of the started JVM process.

To run an application using Maven (also from IDE as a Maven project), the required Hadoop dependencies can be added as provided to the pom.xml, e.g.:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
    <artifactId>hadoop-client</artifactId>
    <version>2.8.3</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

This way it should work both in local and cluster mode where the provided dependencies are added elsewhere as described before.

To run or debug an application in IntelliJ Idea the provided dependencies can be included to the class path in the “Run|Edit Configurations” window.

Using flink-shaded-hadoop-2-uber jar for resolving dependency conflicts (legacy)

Warning: Starting from Flink 1.11, using flink-shaded-hadoop-2-uber releases is not officially supported by the Flink project anymore. Users are advised to provide Hadoop dependencies through HADOOP_CLASSPATH (see above).

The Flink project used to (until Flink 1.10) release Hadoop distributions for specific versions, that relocate or exclude several dependencies to reduce the risk of dependency clashes. These can be found in the Additional Components section of the download page. For these versions it is sufficient to download the corresponding Pre-bundled Hadoop component and putting it into the /lib directory of the Flink distribution.

If the used Hadoop version is not listed on the download page (possibly due to being a Vendor-specific version), then it is necessary to build flink-shaded against this version. You can find the source code for this project in the Additional Components section of the download page.

Note If you want to build flink-shaded against a vendor specific Hadoop version, you first have to configure the vendor-specific maven repository in your local maven setup as described here.

Run the following command to build and install flink-shaded against your desired Hadoop version (e.g., for version 2.6.5-custom):

mvn clean install -Dhadoop.version=2.6.5-custom

After this step is complete, put the flink-shaded-hadoop-2-uber jar into the /lib directory of the Flink distribution.