构建步骤（macOS）

请按照下面的指南在macOS下构建 Electron 本身，以此创建自定义 Electron 二进制文件。 为了将您的应用代码与预构建的 Electron 二进制文件打包并发布，请参阅 应用程序发布 指南。

基本要求

  • macOS >= 11.6.0
  • Xcode. 所需的确切版本取决于您正在构建的分支。 但最新版本的 Xcode 通常是构建 main 分支一个很好的选择
  • node.js (外部)
  • Python >= 3.7

Arm64-specific prerequisites

  • Rosetta 2
    • We recommend installing Rosetta if using dependencies that need to cross-compile on x64 and arm64 machines. Rosetta can be installed by using the softwareupdate command line tool.
    • $ softwareupdate --install-rosetta

构建Electron

参照Build Instructions: GN.

故障排查

Xcode “incompatible architecture” errors (MacOS arm64-specific)

If both Xcode and Xcode command line tools are installed ($ xcode -select --install, or directly download the correct version here), but the stack trace says otherwise like so:

  1. xcrun: error: unable to load libxcrun
  2. (dlopen(/Users/<user>/.electron_build_tools/third_party/Xcode/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/lib/libxcrun.dylib (http://xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/lib/libxcrun.dylib), 0x0005):
  3.  tried: '/Users/<user>/.electron_build_tools/third_party/Xcode/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/lib/libxcrun.dylib (http://xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/lib/libxcrun.dylib)'
  4.  (mach-o file, but is an incompatible architecture (have (x86_64), need (arm64e))), '/Users/<user>/.electron_build_tools/third_party/Xcode/Xcode-11.1.0.app/Contents/Developer/usr/lib/libxcrun.dylib (http://xcode-11.1.0.app/Contents/Developer/usr/lib/libxcrun.dylib)' (mach-o file, but is an incompatible architecture (have (x86_64), need (arm64e)))).`

If you are on arm64 architecture, the build script may be pointing to the wrong Xcode version (11.x.y doesn’t support arm64). Navigate to /Users/<user>/.electron_build_tools/third_party/Xcode/ and rename Xcode-13.3.0.app to Xcode.app to ensure the right Xcode version is used.

Certificates fail to verify

installing certifi will fix the following error:

  1. ________ running 'python3 src/tools/clang/scripts/update.py' in '/Users/<user>/electron'
  2. Downloading https://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/chromium-browser-clang/Mac_arm64/clang-llvmorg-15-init-15652-g89a99ec9-1.tgz
  3. <urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:997)>
  4. Retrying in 5 s ...
  5. Downloading https://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/chromium-browser-clang/Mac_arm64/clang-llvmorg-15-init-15652-g89a99ec9-1.tgz
  6. <urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:997)>
  7. Retrying in 10 s ...
  8. Downloading https://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/chromium-browser-clang/Mac_arm64/clang-llvmorg-15-init-15652-g89a99ec9-1.tgz
  9. <urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:997)>
  10. Retrying in 20 s ...

This issue has to do with Python 3.6 using its own copy of OpenSSL in lieu of the deprecated Apple-supplied OpenSSL libraries. certifi adds a curated bundle of default root certificates. This issue is documented in the Electron repo here. Further information about this issue can be found here and here.