Introduction

引言

Go is a new language. Although it borrows ideas from existing languages, it has unusual properties that make effective Go programs different in character from programs written in its relatives. A straightforward translation of a C++ or Java program into Go is unlikely to produce a satisfactory result—Java programs are written in Java, not Go. On the other hand, thinking about the problem from a Go perspective could produce a successful but quite different program. In other words, to write Go well, it’s important to understand its properties and idioms. It’s also important to know the established conventions for programming in Go, such as naming, formatting, program construction, and so on, so that programs you write will be easy for other Go programmers to understand.

Go 是一门全新的语言。尽管它从既有的语言中借鉴了许多理念，但其与众不同的特性， 使得使用 Go 编程在本质上就不同于其它语言。将现有的 C++ 或 Java 程序直译为 Go 程序并不能令人满意——毕竟 Java 程序是用 Java 编写的，而不是 Go。 另一方面，若从 Go 的角度去分析问题，你就能编写出同样可行但大不相同的程序。 换句话说，要想将 Go 程序写得好，就必须理解其特性和风格。了解命名、格式化、 程序结构等既定规则也同样重要，这样你编写的程序才能更容易被其他程序员所理解。

This document gives tips for writing clear, idiomatic Go code. It augments the language specification, the Tour of Go, and How to Write Go Code, all of which you should read first.

本文档就如何编写清晰、地道的 Go 代码提供了一些技巧。它是对 语言规范、 Go 语言之旅 以及 如何使用 Go 编程 的补充说明，因此我们建议您先阅读这些文档。

Examples

示例

The Go package sources are intended to serve not only as the core library but also as examples of how to use the language. Moreover, many of the packages contain working, self-contained executable examples you can run directly from the golang.org web site, such as this one (if necessary, click on the word”Example”to open it up). If you have a question about how to approach a problem or how something might be implemented, the documentation, code and examples in the library can provide answers, ideas and background.

Go 包的源码 不仅是核心库，同时也是学习如何使用 Go 语言的示例源码。 此外，其中的一些包还包含了可工作的，独立的可执行示例，你可以直接在 golang.org 网站上运行它们，比如 这个例子 （单击文字 “示例” 来展开它）。如果你有任何关于某些问题如何解决，或某些东西如何实现的疑问， 也可以从中获取相关的答案、思路以及后台实现。