3. Integrating applications

All the following sections of this tutorial are concerned with different ways of integrating other applications into django CMS. The ease with which other applications can be built into django CMS sites is an important feature of the system.

Integrating applications doesn’t merely mean installing them alongside django CMS, so that they peacefully co-exist. It means using django CMS’s features to build them into a single coherent web project that speeds up the work of managing the site, and makes possible richer and more automated publishing.

It’s key to the way that django CMS integration works that it doesn’t require you to modify your other applications unless you want to. This is particularly important when you’re using third-party applications and don’t want to have to maintain your own forked versions of them. (The only exception to this is if you decide to build django CMS features directly into the applications themselves, for example when using placeholders in other applications.)

For this tutorial, we’re going to take a basic Django opinion poll application and integrate it into the CMS.

So we will:

• incorporate the Polls application into the project

• create a second, independent, Polls/CMS Integration application to manage the integration

This way we can integrate the Polls application without having to change anything in it.

3.1. Incorporate the polls application

3.1.1. Install polls

Install the application from its GitHub repository using pip:

pip install git+http://git@github.com/divio/django-polls.git#egg=polls

Let’s add this application to our project. Add 'polls' to the end of INSTALLED_APPS in your project’s settings.py (see the note on The INSTALLED_APPS setting about ordering ).

Add the poll URL configuration to urlpatterns in the project’s urls.py:

urlpatterns += i18n_patterns(
    re_path(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
    re_path(r'^polls/', include('polls.urls')),
    re_path(r'^', include('cms.urls')),
)

Note that it must be included before the line for the django CMS URLs. django CMS’s URL pattern needs to be last, because it “swallows up” anything that hasn’t already been matched by a previous pattern.

Now run the application’s migrations:

python manage.py migrate polls

At this point you should be able to log in to the Django admin - http://localhost:8000/admin/ - and find the Polls application.

Create a new Poll, for example:

• Question: Which browser do you prefer?

  Choices:

  • Safari

  • Firefox

  • Chrome

Now if you visit http://localhost:8000/en/polls/, you should be able to see the published poll and submit a response.

3.1.2. Improve the templates for Polls

You’ll have noticed that in the Polls application we only have minimal templates, and no navigation or styling.

Our django CMS pages on the other hand have access to a number of default templates in the project, all of which extend one called base.html. So, let’s improve this by overriding the polls application’s base template.

We’ll do this in the project directory.

In mysite/templates, add polls/base.html, containing:

{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% block content %}
    {% block polls_content %}
    {% endblock %}
{% endblock %}

Refresh the /polls/ page again, which should now be properly integrated into the site.

3.2. Set up a new polls_cms_integration application

So far, however, the Polls application has been integrated into the project, but not into django CMS itself. The two applications are completely independent. They cannot make use of each other’s data or functionality.

Let’s create the new Polls/CMS Integration application where we will bring them together.

3.2.1. Create the application

Create a new package at the project root called polls_cms_integration:

python manage.py startapp polls_cms_integration

Our workspace now looks like this:

tutorial-project/
    media/
    mysite/
    polls_cms_integration/  # the newly-created application
        __init__.py
        admin.py
        models.py
        migrations.py
        tests.py
        views.py
    static/
    manage.py
    project.db
    requirements.txt

3.2.2. Add it to INSTALLED_APPS

Next is to integrate the polls_cms_integration application into the project.

Add polls_cms_integration to INSTALLED_APPS in settings.py - and now we’re ready to use it to begin integrating Polls with django CMS. We’ll start by developing a Polls plugin.

Note

Adding templates to the project or to the application?

Earlier, we added new templates to the project. We could equally well have have added templates/polls/base.html inside polls_cms_integration. After all, that’s where we’re going to be doing all the other integration work.

However, we’d now have an application that makes assumptions about the name of the template it should extend (see the first line of the base.html template we created) which might not be correct for a different project.

Also, we’d have to make sure that polls_cms_integration came before polls in INSTALLED_APPS, otherwise the templates in polls_cms_integration would not in fact override the ones in polls. Putting them in the project guarantees that they will override those in all applications.

Either way of doing it is reasonable, as long as you understand their implications.