通用日期视图

通用日期视图

Django.views.generic.date中提供的基于日期的泛型视图是用于显示基于日期的数据的钻取页面的视图。

注解

Some of the examples on this page assume that an Article model has been defined as follows in myapp/models.py:

from django.db import models
from django.urls import reverse
class Article(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    pub_date = models.DateField()
    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return reverse('article-detail', kwargs={'pk': self.pk})

`ArchiveIndexView`

class ArchiveIndexView

A top-level index page showing the “latest” objects, by date. Objects with a date in the future are not included unless you set allow_future to True.

Ancestors (MRO)

Context

In addition to the context provided by django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin (via django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateListView), the template’s context will be:

date_list: A QuerySet object containing all years that have objects available according to queryset, represented as datetime.datetime objects, in descending order.

Notes

Uses a default context_object_name of latest.
Uses a default template_name_suffix of _archive.
Defaults to providing date_list by year, but this can be altered to month or day using the attribute date_list_period. This also applies to all subclass views.

Example myapp/urls.py:

from django.urls import path
from django.views.generic.dates import ArchiveIndexView
from myapp.models import Article
urlpatterns = [
    path('archive/',
         ArchiveIndexView.as_view(model=Article, date_field="pub_date"),
         name="article_archive"),
]

Example myapp/article_archive.html:

<ul>
    {% for article in latest %}
        <li>{{ article.pub_date }}: {{ article.title }}</li>
    {% endfor %}
</ul>

This will output all articles.

`YearArchiveView`

class YearArchiveView

A yearly archive page showing all available months in a given year. Objects with a date in the future are not displayed unless you set allow_future to True.

Ancestors (MRO)

django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectTemplateResponseMixin
django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin
django.views.generic.dates.BaseYearArchiveView
django.views.generic.dates.YearMixin
django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateListView
django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin
django.views.generic.dates.DateMixin
django.views.generic.base.View
make_object_list

A boolean specifying whether to retrieve the full list of objects for this year and pass those to the template. If True, the list of objects will be made available to the context. If False, the None queryset will be used as the object list. By default, this is False.
get_make_object_list()

Determine if an object list will be returned as part of the context. Returns make_object_list by default.

Context

In addition to the context provided by django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin (via django.views.generic.dates.BaseDateListView), the template’s context will be:

date_list: A QuerySet object containing all months that have objects available according to queryset, represented as datetime.datetime objects, in ascending order.
year: A date object representing the given year.
next_year: A date object representing the first day of the next year, according to allow_empty and allow_future.
previous_year: A date object representing the first day of the previous year, according to allow_empty and allow_future.

Notes

Uses a default template_name_suffix of _archive_year.

Example myapp/views.py:

from django.views.generic.dates import YearArchiveView
from myapp.models import Article
class ArticleYearArchiveView(YearArchiveView):
    queryset = Article.objects.all()
    date_field = "pub_date"
    make_object_list = True
    allow_future = True

Example myapp/urls.py:

from django.urls import path
from myapp.views import ArticleYearArchiveView
urlpatterns = [
    path('<int:year>/',
         ArticleYearArchiveView.as_view(),
         name="article_year_archive"),
]

Example myapp/article_archive_year.html:

<ul>
    {% for date in date_list %}
        <li>{{ date|date }}</li>
    {% endfor %}
</ul>
<div>
    <h1>All Articles for {{ year|date:"Y" }}</h1>
    {% for obj in object_list %}
        <p>
            {{ obj.title }} - {{ obj.pub_date|date:"F j, Y" }}
        </p>
    {% endfor %}
</div>

`MonthArchiveView`

class MonthArchiveView

A monthly archive page showing all objects in a given month. Objects with a date in the future are not displayed unless you set allow_future to True.

Ancestors (MRO)

Context

In addition to the context provided by MultipleObjectMixin (via BaseDateListView), the template’s context will be:

date_list: A QuerySet object containing all days that have objects available in the given month, according to queryset, represented as datetime.datetime objects, in ascending order.
month: A date object representing the given month.
next_month: A date object representing the first day of the next month, according to allow_empty and allow_future.
previous_month: A date object representing the first day of the previous month, according to allow_empty and allow_future.

Notes

Uses a default template_name_suffix of _archive_month.

Example myapp/views.py:

from django.views.generic.dates import MonthArchiveView
from myapp.models import Article
class ArticleMonthArchiveView(MonthArchiveView):
    queryset = Article.objects.all()
    date_field = "pub_date"
    allow_future = True

Example myapp/urls.py:

from django.urls import path
from myapp.views import ArticleMonthArchiveView
urlpatterns = [
    # Example: /2012/08/
    path('<int:year>/<int:month>/',
         ArticleMonthArchiveView.as_view(month_format='%m'),
         name="archive_month_numeric"),
    # Example: /2012/aug/
    path('<int:year>/<str:month>/',
         ArticleMonthArchiveView.as_view(),
         name="archive_month"),
]

Example myapp/article_archive_month.html:

<ul>
    {% for article in object_list %}
        <li>{{ article.pub_date|date:"F j, Y" }}: {{ article.title }}</li>
    {% endfor %}
</ul>
<p>
    {% if previous_month %}
        Previous Month: {{ previous_month|date:"F Y" }}
    {% endif %}
    {% if next_month %}
        Next Month: {{ next_month|date:"F Y" }}
    {% endif %}
</p>

`WeekArchiveView`

class WeekArchiveView

A weekly archive page showing all objects in a given week. Objects with a date in the future are not displayed unless you set allow_future to True.

Ancestors (MRO)

Context

In addition to the context provided by MultipleObjectMixin (via BaseDateListView), the template’s context will be:

week: A date object representing the first day of the given week.
next_week: A date object representing the first day of the next week, according to allow_empty and allow_future.
previous_week: A date object representing the first day of the previous week, according to allow_empty and allow_future.

Notes

Uses a default template_name_suffix of _archive_week.
The week_format attribute is a strptime() format string used to parse the week number. The following values are supported:
- '%U': Based on the United States week system where the week begins on Sunday. This is the default value.
- '%W': Similar to '%U', except it assumes that the week begins on Monday. This is not the same as the ISO 8601 week number.

Example myapp/views.py:

from django.views.generic.dates import WeekArchiveView
from myapp.models import Article
class ArticleWeekArchiveView(WeekArchiveView):
    queryset = Article.objects.all()
    date_field = "pub_date"
    week_format = "%W"
    allow_future = True

Example myapp/urls.py:

from django.urls import path
from myapp.views import ArticleWeekArchiveView
urlpatterns = [
    # Example: /2012/week/23/
    path('<int:year>/week/<int:week>/',
         ArticleWeekArchiveView.as_view(),
         name="archive_week"),
]

Example myapp/article_archive_week.html:

<h1>Week {{ week|date:'W' }}</h1>
<ul>
    {% for article in object_list %}
        <li>{{ article.pub_date|date:"F j, Y" }}: {{ article.title }}</li>
    {% endfor %}
</ul>
<p>
    {% if previous_week %}
        Previous Week: {{ previous_week|date:"W" }} of year {{ previous_week|date:"Y" }}
    {% endif %}
    {% if previous_week and next_week %}--{% endif %}
    {% if next_week %}
        Next week: {{ next_week|date:"W" }} of year {{ next_week|date:"Y" }}
    {% endif %}
</p>

In this example, you are outputting the week number. Keep in mind that week numbers computed by the date template filter with the 'W' format character are not always the same as those computed by strftime() and strptime() with the '%W' format string. For year 2015, for example, week numbers output by date are higher by one compared to those output by strftime(). There isn’t an equivalent for the '%U' strftime() format string in date. Therefore, you should avoid using date to generate URLs for WeekArchiveView.

`DayArchiveView`

class DayArchiveView

A day archive page showing all objects in a given day. Days in the future throw a 404 error, regardless of whether any objects exist for future days, unless you set allow_future to True.

Ancestors (MRO)

Context

In addition to the context provided by MultipleObjectMixin (via BaseDateListView), the template’s context will be:

day: A date object representing the given day.
next_day: A date object representing the next day, according to allow_empty and allow_future.
previous_day: A date object representing the previous day, according to allow_empty and allow_future.
next_month: A date object representing the first day of the next month, according to allow_empty and allow_future.
previous_month: A date object representing the first day of the previous month, according to allow_empty and allow_future.

Notes

Uses a default template_name_suffix of _archive_day.

Example myapp/views.py:

from django.views.generic.dates import DayArchiveView
from myapp.models import Article
class ArticleDayArchiveView(DayArchiveView):
    queryset = Article.objects.all()
    date_field = "pub_date"
    allow_future = True

Example myapp/urls.py:

from django.urls import path
from myapp.views import ArticleDayArchiveView
urlpatterns = [
    # Example: /2012/nov/10/
    path('<int:year>/<str:month>/<int:day>/',
         ArticleDayArchiveView.as_view(),
         name="archive_day"),
]

Example myapp/article_archive_day.html:

<h1>{{ day }}</h1>
<ul>
    {% for article in object_list %}
        <li>{{ article.pub_date|date:"F j, Y" }}: {{ article.title }}</li>
    {% endfor %}
</ul>
<p>
    {% if previous_day %}
        Previous Day: {{ previous_day }}
    {% endif %}
    {% if previous_day and next_day %}--{% endif %}
    {% if next_day %}
        Next Day: {{ next_day }}
    {% endif %}
</p>

`TodayArchiveView`

class TodayArchiveView

A day archive page showing all objects for today. This is exactly the same as django.views.generic.dates.DayArchiveView, except today’s date is used instead of the year/month/day arguments.

Ancestors (MRO)

Notes

使用默认的 template_name_suffix of _archive_today 。

Example myapp/views.py:

from django.views.generic.dates import TodayArchiveView
from myapp.models import Article
class ArticleTodayArchiveView(TodayArchiveView):
    queryset = Article.objects.all()
    date_field = "pub_date"
    allow_future = True

Example myapp/urls.py:

from django.urls import path
from myapp.views import ArticleTodayArchiveView
urlpatterns = [
    path('today/',
         ArticleTodayArchiveView.as_view(),
         name="archive_today"),
]

Where is the example template for TodayArchiveView?

This view uses by default the same template as the DayArchiveView, which is in the previous example. If you need a different template, set the template_name attribute to be the name of the new template.

`DateDetailView`

class DateDetailView

A page representing an individual object. If the object has a date value in the future, the view will throw a 404 error by default, unless you set allow_future to True.

Ancestors (MRO)

Context

Includes the single object associated with the model specified in the DateDetailView.

Notes

Uses a default template_name_suffix of _detail.

Example myapp/urls.py:

from django.urls import path
from django.views.generic.dates import DateDetailView
urlpatterns = [
    path('<int:year>/<str:month>/<int:day>/<int:pk>/',
         DateDetailView.as_view(model=Article, date_field="pub_date"),
         name="archive_date_detail"),
]

Example myapp/article_detail.html:

<h1>{{ object.title }}</h1>

注解

All of the generic views listed above have matching Base views that only differ in that they do not include the MultipleObjectTemplateResponseMixin (for the archive views) or SingleObjectTemplateResponseMixin (for the DateDetailView):

class BaseArchiveIndexView

class BaseYearArchiveView

class BaseMonthArchiveView

class BaseWeekArchiveView

class BaseDayArchiveView

class BaseTodayArchiveView

class BaseDateDetailView