4.8.2. Web 集成测试

Web 集成测试运行在 Web 客户端 block 的 Spring 容器中。测试容器独立于中间件工作，因为框架会自动为所有中间件服务创建桩代码。测试基础设施由 com.haulmont.cuba.web.testsupport 及其内部包的下列类组成：

• TestContainer - Spring 容器的包装器，用来作为项目特定容器的基类。

• TestServiceProxy - 为中间件服务提供默认的桩代码。该类可以用来注册为特定用例 mock 的服务，参考其 mock() 静态方法。

• DataServiceProxy - DataManager 的默认桩代码。其包含一个 commit() 方法的实现，能模拟真正的数据存储的行为：能让新实体 detach，增加实体版本，等等。加载方法返回 null 和空集合。

• TestUiEnvironment - 提供一组方法用来配置和获取 `TestContainer。该类的实例在测试中需要作为 JUnit Rule 来使用。

• TestEntityFactory - 测试中为方便创建实体实例的工厂。可以通过 TestContainer 获取工厂。

尽管框架为服务提供了默认桩代码，但是在测试中也许需要自己创建服务的 mock。要创建 mock，可以使用任何 mocking 框架，通过添加其为依赖即可，如上节所说。服务的 mock 均使用 TestServiceProxy.mock() 方法注册。

Web 集成测试容器示例

在 web 模块创建 test 目录。然后在 test 目录合适的包内创建项目的测试容器类：

package com.company.sales.web;
import com.haulmont.cuba.web.testsupport.TestContainer;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
public class SalesWebTestContainer extends TestContainer {
    public SalesWebTestContainer() {
        appComponents = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(
                "com.haulmont.cuba"
                // add CUBA add-ons and custom app components here
        ));
        appPropertiesFiles = Arrays.asList(
                // List the files defined in your web.xml
                // in appPropertiesConfig context parameter of the web module
                "com/company/sales/web-app.properties",
                // Add this file which is located in CUBA and defines some properties
                // specifically for test environment. You can replace it with your own
                // or add another one in the end.
                "com/haulmont/cuba/web/testsupport/test-web-app.properties"
        );
    }
    public static class Common extends SalesWebTestContainer {
        // A common singleton instance of the test container which is initialized once for all tests
        public static final SalesWebTestContainer.Common INSTANCE = new SalesWebTestContainer.Common();
        private static volatile boolean initialized;
        private Common() {
        }
        @Override
        public void before() throws Throwable {
            if (!initialized) {
                super.before();
                initialized = true;
            }
            setupContext();
        }
        @Override
        public void after() {
            cleanupContext();
            // never stops - do not call super
        }
    }
}

UI 界面测试示例

下面是 Web 集成测试的示例，在一些用户操作之后检查了编辑实体的状态。

package com.company.sales.web.customer;
import com.company.sales.entity.Customer;
import com.company.sales.web.SalesWebTestContainer;
import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.Screens;
import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.components.Button;
import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.screen.OpenMode;
import com.haulmont.cuba.web.app.main.MainScreen;
import com.haulmont.cuba.web.testsupport.TestEntityFactory;
import com.haulmont.cuba.web.testsupport.TestEntityState;
import com.haulmont.cuba.web.testsupport.TestUiEnvironment;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.Collections;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
public class CustomerEditInteractionTest {
    @Rule
    public TestUiEnvironment environment =
            new TestUiEnvironment(SalesWebTestContainer.Common.INSTANCE).withUserLogin("admin"); (1)
    private Customer customer;
    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        TestEntityFactory<Customer> customersFactory =
                environment.getContainer().getEntityFactory(Customer.class, TestEntityState.NEW);
        customer = customersFactory.create(Collections.emptyMap()); (2)
    }
    @Test
    public void testGenerateName() {
        Screens screens = environment.getScreens(); (3)
        screens.create(MainScreen.class, OpenMode.ROOT).show(); (4)
        CustomerEdit customerEdit = screens.create(CustomerEdit.class); (5)
        customerEdit.setEntityToEdit(customer);
        customerEdit.show();
        assertNull(customerEdit.getEditedEntity().getName());
        Button generateBtn = (Button) customerEdit.getWindow().getComponent("generateBtn"); (6)
        customerEdit.onGenerateBtnClick(new Button.ClickEvent(generateBtn)); (7)
        assertEquals("Generated name", customerEdit.getEditedEntity().getName());
    }
}

测试在界面加载数据的示例

下面是一个 web 集成测试的示例，检查加载数据的正确性。

package com.company.sales.web.customer;
import com.company.sales.entity.Customer;
import com.company.sales.web.SalesWebTestContainer;
import com.haulmont.cuba.core.app.DataService;
import com.haulmont.cuba.core.entity.Entity;
import com.haulmont.cuba.core.global.LoadContext;
import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.Screens;
import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.model.InstanceContainer;
import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.screen.OpenMode;
import com.haulmont.cuba.gui.screen.UiControllerUtils;
import com.haulmont.cuba.web.app.main.MainScreen;
import com.haulmont.cuba.web.testsupport.TestEntityFactory;
import com.haulmont.cuba.web.testsupport.TestEntityState;
import com.haulmont.cuba.web.testsupport.TestUiEnvironment;
import com.haulmont.cuba.web.testsupport.proxy.TestServiceProxy;
import mockit.Delegate;
import mockit.Expectations;
import mockit.Mocked;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
public class CustomerEditLoadDataTest {
    @Rule
    public TestUiEnvironment environment =
            new TestUiEnvironment(SalesWebTestContainer.Common.INSTANCE).withUserLogin("admin");
    @Mocked
    private DataService dataService; (1)
    private Customer customer;
    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        new Expectations() {{ (2)
            dataService.load((LoadContext<? extends Entity>) any);
            result = new Delegate() {
                Entity load(LoadContext lc) {
                    if ("sales_Customer".equals(lc.getEntityMetaClass())) {
                        return customer;
                    } else
                        return null;
                }
            };
        }};
        TestServiceProxy.mock(DataService.class, dataService); (3)
        TestEntityFactory<Customer> customersFactory =
                environment.getContainer().getEntityFactory(Customer.class, TestEntityState.DETACHED);
        customer = customersFactory.create(
                "name", "Homer", "email", "homer@simpson.com"); (4)
    }
    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
        TestServiceProxy.clear(); (5)
    }
    @Test
    public void testLoadData() {
        Screens screens = environment.getScreens();
        screens.create(MainScreen.class, OpenMode.ROOT).show();
        CustomerEdit customerEdit = screens.create(CustomerEdit.class);
        customerEdit.setEntityToEdit(customer);
        customerEdit.show();
        InstanceContainer customerDc = UiControllerUtils.getScreenData(customerEdit).getContainer("customerDc"); (6)
        assertEquals(customer, customerDc.getItem());
    }
}