扬声器

../../_images/render_audio_speaker_objects.pngSpeaker objects.

The speaker object is used to give sound in the 3D View.After adding the object, the various settings can be changed in the Properties editor.

Options

Sound

  • Open

  • The 数据块菜单 for loading audio files.There are two properties you can check when loading a sound:

    • Cache
    • This means the whole sound will be decoded and the raw audio data will be buffered in memory,which results in faster playback, but uses quite a lot of memory. So this should be usedfor short sound effects that get played more often, but not for longer audio files such as music.
    • Mono
    • For any 3D audio or panning effects the sound source has to be single channel,otherwise it's assumed that the 3D audio and panning information is already present in the multichannel file.Enable this if you want to use those effects for a file with multiple channels.
  • Mute
  • Toggles whether or not the sound can be heard.
  • Volume
  • Adjust the loudness of the sound.
  • Pitch
  • Can be used to bend the pitch of the sound to be either deeper or higher.This basically changes the playback speed of the sound which also results in a pitch change.

Playback Time

There is no setting to choose the start time when the speaker should start playing,because you might want a single speaker to play multiple times.Therefore you have to open the NLA Editor where you can add sound stripsthat defines when the sound should start (nothing else,so any other properties of the strips, like length don't matter).When you add a speaker object such a strip will be added at the current frame.The Shortcut to add a strip in the NLA Editor is Shift-K.

Distance

../../_images/render_audio_speaker_properties.pngSpeaker properties.

Distance attenuation relevant settings.

  • Volume
    • Minimum/Maximum
    • No matter how far away/close the object is, the distance-based volume won't be lower/higher than this value.
    • Attenuation
    • How strong the distance affects the volume.This factor sets the strength of the distance-based volume change,depending on the chosen distance model (see scene settings).
  • Distance
    • Maximum
    • If the object is farther away than this distance, this distance is used to calculate the distance-based volume.Influence of this value also depends on the distance model.
    • Reference
    • The distance at which the volume is 100% (1.0). Set this value to the distance used for recording the sound.Usually sound effects recordings should be made exactly 1 m away from sound to get an accurate volume.

Cone

Directionality relevant settings.

Imagine a cone with the top at the original of the speaker objectand the main axis of it facing in the same direction as the speaker.There are two cones an inner and an outer cone. The angles represent their opening angles,so 360° mean the cone is fully open and there's no directionality anymore.Inside the inner cone the volume is 100% (1.0),outside the outer cone the volume is whatever one sets for the outer cone volumeand the volume between those two cones is linearly interpolated between this two volumes.

  • Angle
    • Outer
    • Angle of the outer cone in degrees. Outside this cone the volume is equal to the Outer volume.
    • Inner
    • Angle of the inner cone in degrees. Inside the cone the volume is 100%.
  • Volume
    • Outer
    • Volume outside the outer cone.