Loop循环

标准循环

为了保持简洁,重复的任务可以用以下简写的方式:

  1. - name: add several users
  2.   user: name={{ item }} state=present groups=wheel
  3.   with_items:
  4.      - testuser1
  5.      - testuser2

如果你在变量文件中或者 ‘vars’ 区域定义了一组YAML列表,你也可以这样做:

  1. vars:
  2.   somelist: ["testuser1", "testuser2"]
  3. tasks:
  4.   -name: add several user
  5.    user: name={{ item }} state=present groups=wheel
  6.    with_items: "{{somelist}}"

使用 ‘with_items’ 用于迭代的条目类型不仅仅支持简单的字符串列表.如果你有一个哈希列表,那么你可以用以下方式来引用子项:

  1. - name: add several users
  2.   user: name={{ item.name }} state=present groups={{ item.groups }}
  3.   with_items:
  4.     - { name: 'testuser1', groups: 'wheel' }
  5.     - { name: 'testuser2', groups: 'root' }

注意：如果同时使用 when 和 with_items （或其它循环声明）,when声明会为每个条目单独执行.请参见 the_when_statement 示例.

嵌套循环

循环也可以嵌套:

  1. - name: give users access to multiple databases
  2.   mysql_user: name={{ item[0] }} priv={{ item[1] }}.*:ALL append_privs=yes password=foo
  3.   with_nested:
  4.     - [ 'alice', 'bob' ]
  5.     - [ 'clientdb', 'employeedb', 'providerd']

或者

  1. - name: give users access to multiple databases
  2.   mysql_user: name={{ item.0 }} priv={{ item.1 }}.*:ALL append_privs=yes password=foo
  3.   with_nested:
  4.     - [ 'alice', 'bob' ]
  5.     - [ 'clientdb', 'employeedb', 'providerd']

对哈希表使用循环

  1. ---
  2. vars:
  3.   alice:
  4.     name: Alice Appleworth
  5.     telephone: 123-456-7890
  6.   bob:
  7.     name: Bob Bananarama
  8.     telephone: 987-654-3210
  9. tasks:
  10.   - name: Print phone records
  11.     debug: msg="User {{ item.key }} is {{ item.value.name }} ({{ item.value.telephone }})"
  12.     with_dict: "{{users}}"

对文件列表使用循环

with_fileglob 可以以非递归的方式来模式匹配单个目录中的文件.如下面所示:

  1. tasks:
  3.     # first ensure our target directory exists
  4.     - file: dest=/etc/fooapp state=directory
  6.     # copy each file over that matches the given pattern
  7.     - copy: src={{ item }} dest=/etc/fooapp/ owner=root mode=600
  8.       with_fileglob:
  9.         - /playbooks/files/fooapp/*