MATCH

MATCH

MATCH语句提供基于模式（pattern）匹配的搜索功能。

一个MATCH语句定义了一个搜索模式，用该模式匹配存储在Nebula Graph中的数据，然后用RETURN子句检索数据。

本文示例使用测试数据集basketballplayer进行演示。

语法

与GO或LOOKUP等其他查询语句相比，MATCH的语法更灵活。MATCH语法可以概括如下：

MATCH <pattern> [<WHERE clause>] RETURN <output>

MATCH工作流程

MATCH语句使用原生索引查找起始点或边，起始点或边可以在模式的任何位置。即一个有效的MATCH语句，必须有一个属性、Tag或Edge type已经创建索引，或者在WHERE子句中用id()函数指定了特定点的VID。如何创建索引，请参见创建原生索引。
MATCH语句在模式中搜索，寻找匹配的边或点。

Note

MATCH语句采用的路径类型是trail，即遍历时只有点可以重复，边不可以重复。详情请参见路径。
MATCH语句根据RETURN子句检索数据。

openCypher兼容性

nGQL不支持遍历所有点和边，例如MATCH (v) RETURN v。但是，建立相应Tag的索引后，可以遍历对应Tag的所有点，例如MATCH (v:T1) RETURN v。
WHERE子句内不支持图模式。

使用模式（pattern）

前提条件

请确保MATCH语句有至少一个索引可用，或者其中指定了VID。如果需要创建索引，但是已经有相关的点、边或属性，用户必须在创建索引后重建索引，索引才能生效。

Caution

索引会导致写性能大幅降低（降低90%甚至更多）。请不要随意在生产环境中使用索引，除非很清楚使用索引对业务的影响。

# 在Tag player的name属性和Edge type follow上创建索引。
nebula> CREATE TAG INDEX name ON player(name(20)); 
nebula> CREATE EDGE INDEX follow_index on follow();
# 重建索引使其生效。
nebula> REBUILD TAG INDEX name; 
+------------+
| New Job Id |
+------------+
| 121        |
+------------+
nebula> REBUILD EDGE INDEX follow_index
+------------+
| New Job Id |
+------------+
| 122        |
+------------+
# 确认重建索引成功。
nebula> SHOW JOB 121; 
+----------------+---------------------+------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+
| Job Id(TaskId) | Command(Dest)       | Status     | Start Time              | Stop Time               |
+----------------+---------------------+------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+
| 121            | "REBUILD_TAG_INDEX" | "FINISHED" | 2021-05-27T02:18:02.000 | 2021-05-27T02:18:02.000 |
+----------------+---------------------+------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+
| 0              | "storaged1"         | "FINISHED" | 2021-05-27T02:18:02.000 | 2021-05-27T02:18:02.000 |
+----------------+---------------------+------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+
| 1              | "storaged0"         | "FINISHED" | 2021-05-27T02:18:02.000 | 2021-05-27T02:18:02.000 |
+----------------+---------------------+------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+
| 2              | "storaged2"         | "FINISHED" | 2021-05-27T02:18:02.000 | 2021-05-27T02:18:02.000 |
+----------------+---------------------+------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+
nebula> SHOW JOB 122; 
+----------------+----------------------+------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+
| Job Id(TaskId) | Command(Dest)        | Status     | Start Time              | Stop Time               |
+----------------+----------------------+------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+
| 122            | "REBUILD_EDGE_INDEX" | "FINISHED" | 2021-05-27T02:18:11.000 | 2021-05-27T02:18:11.000 |
+----------------+----------------------+------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+
| 0              | "storaged1"          | "FINISHED" | 2021-05-27T02:18:11.000 | 2021-05-27T02:18:21.000 |
+----------------+----------------------+------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+
| 1              | "storaged0"          | "FINISHED" | 2021-05-27T02:18:11.000 | 2021-05-27T02:18:21.000 |
+----------------+----------------------+------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+
| 2              | "storaged2"          | "FINISHED" | 2021-05-27T02:18:11.000 | 2021-05-27T02:18:21.000 |
+----------------+----------------------+------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+

匹配点

用户可以在一对括号中使用自定义变量来表示模式中的点。例如(v)。

匹配 Tag

Note

匹配 Tag 的前提是 Tag 本身有索引或者 Tag 的某个属性有索引，否则，用户无法基于该 Tag 执行 MATCH 语句。

用户可以在点的右侧用:<tag_name>表示模式中的Tag。

nebula> MATCH (v:player) RETURN v;
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| v                                                             |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| ("player102" :player{age: 33, name: "LaMarcus Aldridge"})     |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| ("player106" :player{age: 25, name: "Kyle Anderson"})         |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| ("player115" :player{age: 40, name: "Kobe Bryant"})           |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
...

匹配点的属性

Note

匹配点的属性的前提是 Tag 本身有对应属性的索引，否则，用户无法执行 MATCH 语句匹配该属性。

用户可以在Tag的右侧用{<prop_name>: <prop_value>}表示模式中点的属性。

# 使用属性name搜索匹配的点。
nebula> MATCH (v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"}) RETURN v;
+----------------------------------------------------+
| v                                                  |
+----------------------------------------------------+
| ("player100" :player{name: "Tim Duncan", age: 42}) |
+----------------------------------------------------+

使用WHERE子句也可以实现相同的操作：

nebula> MATCH (v:player) WHERE v.name == "Tim Duncan" RETURN v;
+----------------------------------------------------+
| v                                                  |
+----------------------------------------------------+
| ("player100" :player{name: "Tim Duncan", age: 42}) |
+----------------------------------------------------+

openCypher兼容性

在openCypher 9中，=是相等运算符，在nGQL中，==是相等运算符，=是赋值运算符。

匹配点ID

用户可以使用点ID去匹配点。id()函数可以检索点的ID。

nebula> MATCH (v) WHERE id(v) == 'player101' RETURN v;
+-----------------------------------------------------+
| v                                                   |
+-----------------------------------------------------+
| ("player101" :player{age: 36, name: "Tony Parker"}) |
+-----------------------------------------------------+

要匹配多个点的ID，可以用WHERE id(v) IN [vid_list]。

nebula> MATCH (v:player { name: 'Tim Duncan' })--(v2) \
        WHERE id(v2) IN ["player101", "player102"] RETURN v2;
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| v2                                                        |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ("player101" :player{name: "Tony Parker", age: 36})       |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ("player102" :player{name: "LaMarcus Aldridge", age: 33}) |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ("player101" :player{name: "Tony Parker", age: 36})       |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+

匹配连接的点

用户可以使用--符号表示两个方向的边，并匹配这些边连接的点。

历史版本兼容性

在nGQL 1.x中，--符号用于行内注释，在nGQL 2.x中，--符号表示出边或入边，不再用于注释。

nebula> MATCH (v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"})--(v2) \
        RETURN v2.name AS Name;
+---------------------+
| Name                |
+---------------------+
| "Tony Parker"       |
+---------------------+
| "LaMarcus Aldridge" |
+---------------------+
| "Marco Belinelli"   |
+---------------------+
| "Danny Green"       |
+---------------------+
| "Aron Baynes"       |
+---------------------+
...

用户可以在--符号上增加<或>符号指定边的方向。

# -->表示边从v开始，指向v2。对于点v来说是出边，对于点v2来说是入边。
nebula> MATCH (v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"})-->(v2) \
        RETURN v2.name AS Name;
+-----------------+
| Name            |
+-----------------+
| "Spurs"         |
+-----------------+
| "Tony Parker"   |
+-----------------+
| "Manu Ginobili" |
+-----------------+

如果需要扩展模式，可以增加更多点和边。

nebula> MATCH (v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"})-->(v2)<--(v3) \
        RETURN v3.name AS Name;
+---------------------+
| Name                |
+---------------------+
| "Tony Parker"       |
+---------------------+
| "Tiago Splitter"    |
+---------------------+
| "Dejounte Murray"   |
+---------------------+
| "Tony Parker"       |
+---------------------+
| "LaMarcus Aldridge" |
+---------------------+
...

如果不需要引用点，可以省略括号中表示点的变量。

nebula> MATCH (v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"})-->()<--(v3) \
        RETURN v3.name AS Name;
+---------------------+
| Name                |
+---------------------+
| "Tony Parker"       |
+---------------------+
| "LaMarcus Aldridge" |
+---------------------+
| "Rudy Gay"          |
+---------------------+
| "Danny Green"       |
+---------------------+
| "Kyle Anderson"     |
+---------------------+
...

匹配路径

连接起来的点和边构成了路径。用户可以使用自定义变量命名路径。

nebula> MATCH p=(v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"})-->(v2) \
        RETURN p;
+-------------------------------------------+
| p                                         |
+-------------------------------------------+
| <("player100" :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"})-[:follow@0 {degree: 95}]->("player101" :player{age: 36, name: "Tony Parker"})>   |
+-------------------------------------------+
| <("player100" :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"})-[:follow@0 {degree: 95}]->("player125" :player{age: 41, name: "Manu Ginobili"})> |
+-------------------------------------------+
| <("player100" :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"})-[:serve@0 {end_year: 2016, start_year: 1997}]->("team204" :team{name: "Spurs"})> |
+-------------------------------------------+

openCypher兼容性

在nGQL中，@符号表示边的rank，在openCypher中，没有rank概念。

匹配边

除了用--、-->、<--表示未命名的边之外，用户还可以在方括号中使用自定义变量命名边。例如-[e]-。

nebula> MATCH (v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"})-[e]-(v2) \
        RETURN e;
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| e                                                                         |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| [:follow "player101"->"player100" @0 {degree: 95}]                        |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| [:follow "player102"->"player100" @0 {degree: 75}]                        |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| [:serve "player100"->"team204" @0 {end_year: 2016, start_year: 1997}]     |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
...

匹配Edge type

和点一样，用户可以用:<edge_type>表示模式中的Edge type，例如-[e:follow]-。

nebula> MATCH ()-[e:follow]-() \
        RETURN e;
+-----------------------------------------------------+
| e                                                   |
+-----------------------------------------------------+
| [:follow "player113"->"player119" @0 {degree: 99}]  |
+-----------------------------------------------------+
| [:follow "player130"->"player149" @0 {degree: 80}]  |
+-----------------------------------------------------+
| [:follow "player149"->"player130" @0 {degree: 80}]  |
+-----------------------------------------------------+
| [:follow "player136"->"player117" @0 {degree: 90}]  |
+-----------------------------------------------------+
| [:follow "player142"->"player117" @0 {degree: 90}]  |
+-----------------------------------------------------+
...

匹配边的属性

Note

匹配边的属性的前提是 Edge type 本身有对应属性的索引，否则，用户无法执行 MATCH 语句匹配该属性。

用户可以用{<prop_name>: <prop_value>}表示模式中Edge type的属性，例如[e:follow{likeness:95}]。

nebula> MATCH (v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"})-[e:follow{degree:95}]->(v2) \
        RETURN e;
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| e                                                      |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| [:follow "player100"->"player101" @0 {degree: 95}]     |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| [:follow "player100"->"player125" @0 {degree: 95}]     |
+--------------------------------------------------------+

匹配多个Edge type

使用|可以匹配多个Edge type，例如[e:follow|:serve]。第一个Edge type前的英文冒号（:）不可省略，后续Edge type前的英文冒号可以省略，例如[e:follow|serve]。

nebula> MATCH (v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"})-[e:follow|:serve]->(v2) \
        RETURN e;
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| e                                                                         |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| [:follow "player100"->"player101" @0 {degree: 95}]                        |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| [:follow "player100"->"player125" @0 {degree: 95}]                        |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| [:serve "player100"->"team204" @0 {end_year: 2016, start_year: 1997}]     |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+

匹配多条边

用户可以扩展模式，匹配路径中的多条边。

nebula> MATCH (v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"})-[]->(v2)<-[e:serve]-(v3) \
        RETURN v2, v3;
+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| v2                                 | v3                                                        |
+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ("player204" :team{name: "Spurs"}) | ("player101" :player{name: "Tony Parker", age: 36})       |
+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ("player204" :team{name: "Spurs"}) | ("player102" :player{name: "LaMarcus Aldridge", age: 33}) |
+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ("player204" :team{name: "Spurs"}) | ("player103" :player{age: 32, name: "Rudy Gay"})          |
+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
...

匹配定长路径

用户可以在模式中使用:<edge_type>*<hop>匹配定长路径。hop必须是一个非负整数。

nebula> MATCH p=(v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"})-[e:follow*2]->(v2) \
        RETURN DISTINCT v2 AS Friends;
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| Friends                                                   |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ("player100" :player{name: "Tim Duncan", age: 42})        |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ("player102" :player{name: "LaMarcus Aldridge", age: 33}) |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ("player125" :player{name: "Manu Ginobili", age: 41})     |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+

如果hop为0，模式会匹配路径上的起始点。

nebula> MATCH (v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"}) -[*0]-> (v2) \
        RETURN v2;
+----------------------------------------------------+
| v2                                                 |
+----------------------------------------------------+
| ("player100" :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"}) |
+----------------------------------------------------+

匹配变长路径

用户可以在模式中使用:<edge_type>*[minHop]..<maxHop>匹配变长路径。

参数	说明
`minHop`	可选项。表示路径的最小长度。`minHop`必须是一个非负整数，默认值为1。
`maxHop`	必选项。表示路径的最大长度。`maxHop`必须是一个非负整数，没有默认值。

openCypher兼容性

在openCypher中，maxHop是可选项，默认为无穷大。当没有设置时，..可以省略。在nGQL中，maxHop是必选项，而且..不可以省略。

nebula> MATCH p=(v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"})-[e:follow*1..3]->(v2) \
        RETURN v2 AS Friends;
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| Friends                                                   |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ("player100" :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"})        |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ("player101" :player{age: 36, name: "Tony Parker"})       |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ("player125" :player{age: 41, name: "Manu Ginobili"})     |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ("player102" :player{age: 33, name: "LaMarcus Aldridge"}) |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+

用户可以使用DISTINCT关键字聚合重复结果。

nebula> MATCH p=(v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"})-[e:follow*1..3]->(v2:player) \
        RETURN DISTINCT v2 AS Friends, count(v2);
+-----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Friends                                                   | count(v2) |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| ("player125" :player{age: 41, name: "Manu Ginobili"})     | 3         |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| ("player102" :player{age: 33, name: "LaMarcus Aldridge"}) | 1         |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| ("player100" :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"})        | 4         |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| ("player101" :player{age: 36, name: "Tony Parker"})       | 3         |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+

如果minHop为0，模式会匹配路径上的起始点。与上个示例相比，下面的示例设置minHop为0，因为它是起始点，所以结果集中"Tim Duncan"比上个示例多计算一次。

nebula> MATCH p=(v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"})-[e:follow*0..3]->(v2:player) \
        RETURN DISTINCT v2 AS Friends, count(v2);
+-----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Friends                                                   | count(v2) |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| ("player125" :player{age: 41, name: "Manu Ginobili"})     | 3         |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| ("player101" :player{age: 36, name: "Tony Parker"})       | 3         |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| ("player102" :player{age: 33, name: "LaMarcus Aldridge"}) | 1         |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| ("player100" :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"})        | 5         |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+-----------+

匹配多个Edge type的变长路径

用户可以在变长或定长模式中指定多个Edge type。hop、minHop和maxHop对所有Edge type都生效。

nebula> MATCH p=(v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"})-[e:follow|serve*2]->(v2) \
        RETURN DISTINCT v2;
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| v2                                                        |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ("player100" :player{name: "Tim Duncan", age: 42})        |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ("player102" :player{name: "LaMarcus Aldridge", age: 33}) |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ("player125" :player{name: "Manu Ginobili", age: 41})     |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ("player204" :team{name: "Spurs"})                        |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| ("player215" :team{name: "Hornets"})                      |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+

常用检索操作

检索点或边的信息

使用RETURN {<vertex_name> | <edge_name>}检索点或边的所有信息。

nebula> MATCH (v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"}) \
        RETURN v;
+----------------------------------------------------+
| v                                                  |
+----------------------------------------------------+
| ("player100" :player{name: "Tim Duncan", age: 42}) |
+----------------------------------------------------+
nebula> MATCH (v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"})-[e]->(v2) \
        RETURN e;
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| e                                                                         |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| [:follow "player100"->"player101" @0 {degree: 95}]                        |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| [:follow "player100"->"player125" @0 {degree: 95}]                        |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| [:serve "player100"->"team204" @0 {end_year: 2016, start_year: 1997}]     |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+

检索点ID

使用id()函数检索点ID。

nebula> MATCH (v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"}) \
        RETURN id(v);
+-------------+
| id(v)       |
+-------------+
| "player100" |
+-------------+

检索Tag

使用labels()函数检索点上的Tag列表。

nebula> MATCH (v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"}) \
        RETURN labels(v);
+------------+
| labels(v)  |
+------------+
| ["player"] |
+------------+

检索列表labels(v)中的第N个元素，可以使用labels(v)[n-1]。例如下面示例使用labels(v)[0]检索第一个元素。

nebula> MATCH (v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"}) \
        RETURN labels(v)[0];
+--------------+
| labels(v)[0] |
+--------------+
| "player"     |
+--------------+

检索点或边的单个属性

使用RETURN {<vertex_name> | <edge_name>}.<property>检索单个属性。

nebula> MATCH (v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"}) \
        RETURN v.age;
+-------+
| v.age |
+-------+
| 42    |
+-------+

使用AS设置属性的别名。

nebula> MATCH (v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"}) \
        RETURN v.age AS Age;
+-----+
| Age |
+-----+
| 42  |
+-----+

检索点或边的所有属性

使用properties()函数检索点或边的所有属性。

nebula> MATCH p=(v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"})-[]->(v2) \
        RETURN properties(v2);
+------------------------------------+
| properties(v2)                     |
+------------------------------------+
| {"name":"Spurs"}                   |
+------------------------------------+
| {"name":"Tony Parker", "age":36}   |
+------------------------------------+
| {"age":41, "name":"Manu Ginobili"} |
+------------------------------------+

检索Edge type

使用type()函数检索匹配的Edge type。

nebula> MATCH p=(v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"})-[e]->() \
        RETURN DISTINCT type(e);
+----------+
| type(e)  |
+----------+
| "follow" |
+----------+
| "serve"  |
+----------+

检索路径

使用RETURN <path_name>检索匹配路径的所有信息。

nebula> MATCH p=(v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"})-[*3]->() \
        RETURN p;
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| p                                                                                               |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| <("player100" :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"})-[:follow@0 {degree: 95}]->("player101" :player{age: 36, name: "Tony Parker"})-[:follow@0 {degree: 90}]->("player102" :player{age: 33, name: "LaMarcus Aldridge"})-[:serve@0 {end_year: 2019, start_year: 2015}]->("team204" :team{name: "Spurs"})>           |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| <("player100" :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"})-[:follow@0 {degree: 95}]->("player101" :player{age: 36, name: "Tony Parker"})-[:follow@0 {degree: 90}]->("player102" :player{age: 33, name: "LaMarcus Aldridge"})-[:serve@0 {end_year: 2015, start_year: 2006}]->("team203" :team{name: "Trail Blazers"})>   |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| <("player100" :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"})-[:follow@0 {degree: 95}]->("player101" :player{age: 36, name: "Tony Parker"})-[:follow@0 {degree: 90}]->("player102" :player{age: 33, name: "LaMarcus Aldridge"})-[:follow@0 {degree: 75}]->("player101" :player{age: 36, name: "Tony Parker"})>             |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
...

检索路径中的点

使用nodes()函数检索路径中的所有点。

nebula> MATCH p=(v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"})-[]->(v2) \
        RETURN nodes(p);
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| nodes(p)                                                                                                            |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| [("player100" :star{} :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"}), ("player204" :team{name: "Spurs"})]                    |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| [("player100" :star{} :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"}), ("player101" :player{name: "Tony Parker", age: 36})]   |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| [("player100" :star{} :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"}), ("player125" :player{name: "Manu Ginobili", age: 41})] |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

检索路径中的边

使用relationships()函数检索路径中的所有边。

nebula> MATCH p=(v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"})-[]->(v2) \
        RETURN relationships(p);
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| relationships(p)                                                            |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| [[:follow "player100"->"player101" @0 {degree: 95}]]                        |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| [[:follow "player100"->"player125" @0 {degree: 95}]]                        |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| [[:serve "player100"->"team204" @0 {end_year: 2016, start_year: 1997}]]     |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+

检索路径长度

使用length()函数检索路径的长度。

nebula> MATCH p=(v:player{name:"Tim Duncan"})-[*..2]->(v2) \
        RETURN p AS Paths, length(p) AS Length;
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| Paths                                                                | Length |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| <("player100" :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"})-[:follow@0 {degree: 95}]->("player125" :player{age: 41, name: "Manu Ginobili"})-[:serve@0 {end_year: 2018, start_year: 2002}]->("team204" :team{name: "Spurs"})>   | 2      |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| <("player100" :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"})-[:follow@0 {degree: 95}]->("player125" :player{age: 41, name: "Manu Ginobili"})-[:follow@0 {degree: 90}]->("player100" :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"})>      | 2      |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
|  <("player100" :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"})-[:follow@0 {degree: 95}]->("player101" :player{age: 36, name: "Tony Parker"})-[:serve@0 {end_year: 2019, start_year: 2018}]->("team215" :team{name: "Hornets"})>  | 2      |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| <("player100" :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"})-[:follow@0 {degree: 95}]->("player101" :player{age: 36, name: "Tony Parker"})-[:serve@0 {end_year: 2018, start_year: 1999}]->("team204" :team{name: "Spurs"})>     | 2      |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| <("player100" :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"})-[:follow@0 {degree: 95}]->("player101" :player{age: 36, name: "Tony Parker"})-[:follow@0 {degree: 95}]->("player125" :player{age: 41, name: "Manu Ginobili"})>     | 2      |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| <("player100" :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"})-[:follow@0 {degree: 95}]->("player101" :player{age: 36, name: "Tony Parker"})-[:follow@0 {degree: 90}]->("player102" :player{age: 33, name: "LaMarcus Aldridge"})> | 2      |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| <("player100" :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"})-[:follow@0 {degree: 95}]->("player101" :player{age: 36, name: "Tony Parker"})-[:follow@0 {degree: 95}]->("player100" :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"})>        | 2      |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| <("player100" :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"})-[:serve@0 {end_year: 2016, start_year: 1997}]->("team204" :team{name: "Spurs"})>                                                                                   | 1      |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| <("player100" :player{age: 42, name: "Tim Duncan"})-[:follow@0 {degree: 95}]->("player125" :player{age: 41, name: "Manu Ginobili"})>                                                                                   | 1      |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+

Performance

Nebula Graph 2.5.1 中 MATCH 语句对性能和资源占用进行了初步优化。

较简单的逻辑可以使用 GO, LOOKUP, | 和 FETCH 等来替代。

最后更新: August 25, 2021