Compose and Deploy WordPress

WordPress Introduction

WordPress is a free and open-source content management system written in PHP, allowing users to build their own websites. A complete WordPress application includes the following Kubernetes objects with MySQL serving as the backend database.

Objective

This tutorial demonstrates how to create an application (WordPress as an example) in KubeSphere and access it outside the cluster.

Prerequisites

An account project-regular is needed with the role of operator assigned in one of your projects (the user has been invited to the project). For more information, see Create Workspaces, Projects, Users and Roles.

Estimated Time

About 15 minutes.

Hands-on Lab

Step 1: Create Secrets

Create a MySQL Secret

The environment variable WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD is the password to connect to the database in WordPress. In this step, you need to create a Secret to store the environment variable that will be used in the MySQL Pod template.

1. Log in to the KubeSphere console using the account project-regular. Go to the detail page of demo-project and navigate to Configuration. In Secrets, click Create on the right.

2. Enter the basic information (for example, name it mysql-secret) and click Next. On the next page, select Default for Type and click Add Data to add a key-value pair. Enter the Key (MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD) and Value (123456) and click √ in the lower-right corner to confirm. When you finish, click Create to continue.

Create a WordPress Secret

Follow the same steps above to create a WordPress Secret wordpress-secret with the key WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD and value 123456. Secrets created display in the list.

Step 2: Create a volume

1. Go to Volumes under Storage and click Create.

2. Enter the basic information of the volume (for example, name it wordpress-pvc) and click Next.

3. In Volume Settings, you need to choose an available Storage Class, and set Access Mode and Volume Capacity. You can use the default value directly. Click Next to continue.

4. For Advanced Settings, you do not need to add extra information for this step and click Create to finish.

Step 3: Create an application

Add MySQL backend components

1. Navigate to Apps under Application Workloads, select Composed Apps and click Create.

2. Enter the basic information (for example, wordpress for Name) and click Next.

3. In Service Settings, click Create Service to create a service in the app.

4. Select Stateful Service to define the service type.

5. Enter the name for the stateful service (for example, mysql) and click Next.

6. In Containers, click Add Container.

7. Enter mysql:5.6 in the search box, press Enter and click Use Default Ports. After that, do not click √ in the lower-right corner as the setting is not finished yet.

   Note

   In Advanced Settings, make sure the memory limit is no less than 1000 Mi or MySQL may fail to start due to a lack of memory.

8. Scroll down to Environment Variables and click Use ConfigMap or Secret. Enter the name MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD and choose the resource mysql-secret and the key MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD created in the previous step. Click √ after you finish and Next to continue.

9. Click Add Volume Template under Volume Templates. Enter the value of Volume Name (mysql) and Mount Path (mode: ReadAndWrite, path: /var/lib/mysql).

   Click √ after you finish and click Next to continue.

10. In Advanced Settings, you can click Create directly or set other options based on your needs.

Add the WordPress frontend component

1. In Services under Application Workloads, click Create again and select Stateless Service this time. Enter the name wordpress and click Next.

2. Similar to previous steps, click Add Container, enter wordpress:4.8-apache in the search box, press Enter and click Use Default Ports.

3. Scroll down to Environment Variables and click Use ConfigMap or Secret. Two environment variables need to be added here. Enter the values as follows.

   • For WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD, choose wordpress-secret and WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD created in Task 1.

   • Click Add Environment Variable, and enter WORDPRESS_DB_HOST and mysql for the key and value.

   Warning

   For the second environment variable added here, the value must be the same as the name you set for MySQL in step 5. Otherwise, WordPress cannot connect to the corresponding database of MySQL.

   Click √ to save it and Next to continue.

4. Under Volumes, click Mount Volume, and then click Select Volume.

5. Select wordpress-pvc created in the previous step, set the mode as ReadAndWrite, and enter /var/www/html as its mount path. Click √ to save it, and then click Next to continue.

6. In Advanced Settings, you can click Create directly or set other options based on your needs.

7. The frontend component is also set now. Click Next to continue.

8. You can set route rules (Ingress) here or click Create directly.

9. The app will display in the list after you create it.

Step 4: Verify resources

In Workloads, check the status of wordpress-v1 and mysql-v1 in Deployments and StatefulSets respectively. If they are running properly, it means WordPress has been created successfully.

Step 5: Access WordPress through a NodePort

1. To access the Service outside the cluster, navigate to Services first. Click the three dots on the right of wordpress and select Edit External Access.

2. Select NodePort for Access Method and click OK.

3. Click the Service and you can see the port is exposed.

4. Access this application at {Node IP}:{NodePort}.

   Note

   Make sure the port is opened in your security groups before you access the Service.