Find percentile and quantile values

Use the quantile() function to return a value representing the q quantile or percentile of input data.

Percentile versus quantile

Percentiles and quantiles are very similar, differing only in the number used to calculate return values. A percentile is calculated using numbers between 0 and 100. A quantile is calculated using numbers between 0.0 and 1.0. For example, the 0.5 quantile is the same as the 50th percentile.

Select a method for calculating the quantile

Select one of the following methods to calculate the quantile:

• estimate_tdigest
• exact_mean
• exact_selector

estimate_tdigest

(Default) An aggregate method that uses a t-digest data structure to compute a quantile estimate on large data sources. Output tables consist of a single row containing the calculated quantile.

If calculating the 0.5 quantile or 50th percentile:

Given the following input table:

estimate_tdigest returns:

exact_mean

An aggregate method that takes the average of the two points closest to the quantile value. Output tables consist of a single row containing the calculated quantile.

If calculating the 0.5 quantile or 50th percentile:

Given the following input table:

exact_mean returns:

exact_selector

A selector method that returns the data point for which at least q points are less than. Output tables consist of a single row containing the calculated quantile.

If calculating the 0.5 quantile or 50th percentile:

Given the following input table:

exact_selector returns:

The examples below use the example data variable.

Find the value representing the 99th percentile

Use the default method, "estimate_tdigest", to return all rows in a table that contain values in the 99th percentile of data in the table.

data
  |> quantile(q: 0.99)

Find the average of values closest to the quantile

Use the exact_mean method to return a single row per input table containing the average of the two values closest to the mathematical quantile of data in the table. For example, to calculate the 0.99 quantile:

data
  |> quantile(q: 0.99, method: "exact_mean")

Find the point with the quantile value

Use the exact_selector method to return a single row per input table containing the value that q * 100% of values in the table are less than. For example, to calculate the 0.99 quantile:

data
  |> quantile(q: 0.99, method: "exact_selector")

Use quantile() with aggregateWindow()

aggregateWindow() segments data into windows of time, aggregates data in each window into a single point, and then removes the time-based segmentation. It is primarily used to downsample data.

To specify the quantile calculation method in aggregateWindow(), use the full function syntax:

data
  |> aggregateWindow(
    every: 5m,
    fn: (tables=<-, column) =>
      tables
        |> quantile(q: 0.99, method: "exact_selector")
  )