通过Dispatching Actions 修改应用的 State

大多数Redux应用程序都有一组功能,称为“action creators”,用于设置和dispatch action。

在Angular中,将您的操作创建者定义为@Injectable()服务非常方便,将dispatch,创建和副作用逻辑与应用程序中的@Component类分离。

同步Actions

app/store/counter/counter.actions.ts

  1. import {Injectable} from '@angular/core';
  2. import {Store} from '@ngrx/store';
  3. import {createAction} from '../createAction';
  4. import {AppState} from '../../models/appState';
  5. @Injectable()
  6. export class CounterActions {
  7. static INCREMENT = 'INCREMENT';
  8. static DECREMENT = 'DECREMENT';
  9. static RESET = 'RESET';
  10. constructor(private store: Store<AppState>) {
  11. }
  12. increment() {
  13. this.store.dispatch(createAction(CounterActions.INCREMENT));
  14. }
  15. decrement() {
  16. this.store.dispatch(createAction(CounterActions.DECREMENT));
  17. }
  18. reset() {
  19. this.store.dispatch(createAction(CounterActions.RESET));
  20. }
  21. }

如你所见,动作创建者是简单的函数,它dispatch包含更多描述状态修改信息的Action对象。

异步 Actions

如果必须处理异步或条件actions(react-redux 用户可能将这种模式识别为依赖注入世界中的redux-thunk),则“ActionCreatorService”模式非常方便。

app/store/counter/counter.actions.ts

  1. import {Injectable} from '@angular/core';
  2. import {Store} from '@ngrx/store';
  3. import {createAction} from '../createAction';
  4. import {AppState} from '../../models/appState';
  5. @Injectable()
  6. export class CounterActions {
  7. constructor(private store: Store<AppState>) {
  8. }
  9. incrementIfOdd() {
  10. this.store.select(appState => appState.counter.currentValue)
  11. .take(1)
  12. .subscribe(currentValue => {
  13. if (currentValue % 2 !== 0) {
  14. this.store.dispatch(createAction(CounterActions.INCREMENT);
  15. }
  16. });
  17. }
  18. incrementAsync(timeInMs: number = 1000) {
  19. this.delay(timeInMs).then(() => this.store.dispatch(createAction(CounterActions.INCREMENT)));
  20. }
  21. private delay(timeInMs: number) {
  22. return new Promise((resolve) => {
  23. setTimeout(() => resolve() , timeInMs);
  24. });
  25. }
  26. }

incrementIfOdd()动作创建者中,我们在应用程序 state 中创建一个计时器的currentValue的一次性订阅。在那里,我们在dispatching action之前是检查是否为奇数。

incrementAsync()动作创建者中,我们延迟对dispatch()的实际调用。我们创造了一个在延迟后解析的Promise。一旦Promise解析了,我们可以dispatch一个action来增加计数器。

依赖其它服务的 Actions

在你的操作创建者必须使用其他角色服务的情况下,ActionCreatorService模式才是必需的。考虑下面的SessionActions服务来处理远程API调用:

  1. import {Injectable} from '@angular/core';
  2. import {Store} from '@ngrx/store';
  3. import {createAction} from '../createAction';
  4. import {AppState} from '../../models/appState';
  5. @Injectable()
  6. export class SessionActions {
  7. static LOGIN_USER_PENDING = 'LOGIN_USER_PENDING';
  8. static LOGIN_USER_SUCCESS = 'LOGIN_USER_SUCCESS';
  9. static LOGIN_USER_ERROR = 'LOGIN_USER_ERROR';
  10. static LOGOUT_USER = 'LOGOUT_USER';
  11. constructor(
  12. private store: Store<AppState>,
  13. private authService: AuthService
  14. ) {
  15. }
  16. loginUser(credentials: any) {
  17. this.store.dispatch(createAction(SessionActions.LOGIN_USER_PENDING));
  18. this.authService.login(credentials.username, credentials.password)
  19. .then(result => this.store.dispatch(createAction(SessionActions.LOGIN_USER_SUCCESS, result)))
  20. .catch(() => this.store.dispatch(createAction(SessionActions.LOGIN_USER_ERROR)));
  21. };
  22. logoutUser() {
  23. this.store.dispatch(createAction(SessionActions.LOGOUT_USER));
  24. };
  25. }